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中国哲学书电子化计划
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儒家 -> 孟子 -> 告子下 -> 27.1

孟子曰：Mencius said,
“五霸者，'The five chiefs of the princes
三王之罪人也；were sinners against the three kings.
今之诸侯，The princes of the present day
五霸之罪人也；are sinners against the five chiefs.
今之大夫，The Great officers of the present day
今之诸侯之罪人也。are sinners against the princes.
天子适诸侯曰巡狩，The sovereign visited the princes, which was called "A tour of Inspection."
诸侯朝于天子曰述职。The princes attended at the court of the sovereign, which was called "Giving a report of office."
春省耕而补不足，It was a custom in the spring to examine the ploughing, and supply any deficiency of seed;
秋省敛而助不给。and in autumn to examine the reaping, and assist where there was a deficiency of the crop.
入其疆，When the sovereign entered the boundaries of a State,
土地辟，if the new ground was being reclaimed,
田野治，and the old fields well cultivated;
养老尊贤，if the old were nourished and the worthy honoured;
俊杰在位，and if men of distinguished talents were placed in office:
则有庆，then the prince was rewarded
庆以地。- rewarded with an addition to his territory.
入其疆，On the other hand, if, on entering a State,
土地荒芜，the ground was found left wild or overrun with weeds;
遗老失贤，if the old were neglected and the worthy unhonoured;
掊克在位，and if the offices were filled with hard taxgatherers:
则有让。then the prince was reprimanded.
一不朝，If a prince once omitted his attendance at court,
则贬其爵；he was punished by degradation of rank;
再不朝，if he did so a second time,
则削其地；he was deprived of a portion of his territory;
三不朝，if he did so a third time,
则六师移之。the royal forces were set in motion, and he was removed from his government.
是故天子讨而不伐，Thus the sovereign commanded the punishment, but did not himself inflict it,
诸侯伐而不讨。while the princes inflicted the punishment, but did not command it.
五霸者，搂诸侯以伐诸侯者也，The five chiefs, however, dragged the princes to punish other princes,
故曰：五霸者，三王之罪人也。 and hence I say that they were sinners against the three kings.

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