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中国哲学书电子化计划
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道家 -> 庄子 -> 内篇 -> 齐物论 -> 6

以指喻指之非指，By means of a finger (of my own) to illustrate that the finger (of another) is not a finger
不若以非指喻指之非指也； is not so good a plan as to illustrate that it is not so by means of what is (acknowledged to be) not a finger;
以马喻马之非马， and by means of (what I call) a horse to illustrate that (what another calls) a horse is not so,
不若以非马喻马之非马也。is not so good a plan as to illustrate that it is not a horse, by means of what is (acknowledged to be) not a horse.
天地，(All things in) heaven and earth
一指也； may be (dealt with as) a finger;
万物，(each of) their myriads
一马也。 may be (dealt with as) a horse.
可乎可，不可乎不可。Does a thing seem so to me? (I say that) it is so. Does it seem not so to me? (I say that) it is not so.
道行之而成， A path is formed by (constant) treading on the ground.
物谓之而然。 A thing is called by its name through the (constant) application of the name to it.
恶乎然？How is it so?
然于然。It is so because it is so.
恶乎不然？How is it not so?
不然于不然。It is not so, because it is not so.
物固有所然，物固有所可。 Everything has its inherent character and its proper capability.
无物不然，无物不可。 There is nothing which has not these.
故为是举莛与楹，Therefore, this being so, if we take a stalk of grain and a (large) pillar,
厉与西施， a loathsome (leper) and (a beauty like) Xi Shi,
恢恑憰怪，things large and things insecure, things crafty and things strange;
道通为一。 they may in the light of the Dao all be reduced to the same category (of opinion about them).
其分也，成也；其成也，毁也。It was separation that led to completion; from completion ensued dissolution.
凡物无成与毁，But all things, without regard to their completion and dissolution,
复通为一。may again be comprehended in their unity
唯达者知通为一， - it is only the far reaching in thought who know how to comprehend them in this unity.
为是不用而寓诸庸。This being so, let us give up our devotion to our own views, and occupy ourselves with the ordinary views.
庸也者，These ordinary views
用也； are grounded on the use of things.
用也者，通也；(The study of that) use leads to the comprehensive judgment,
通也者，得也。 and that judgment secures the success (of the inquiry).
适得而几矣。That success gained, we are near (to the object of our search),
因是已。 and there we stop.
已而不知其然，When we stop, and yet we do not know how it is so,
谓之道。 we have what is called the Dao.
劳神明为一，When we toil our spirits and intelligence, obstinately determined (to establish our own view),
而不知其同也， and do not know the agreement (which underlies it and the views of others),
谓之朝三。 we have what is called 'In the morning three.'
何谓朝三？What is meant by that 'In the morning three?'
曰狙公赋芧，A keeper of monkeys, in giving them out their acorns,
曰： (once) said,
“朝三而莫四。” 'In the morning I will give you three (measures) and in the evening four.'
众狙皆怒。 This made them all angry,
曰： and he said,
“然则朝四而莫三。”'Very well. In the morning I will give you four and in the evening three.'
众狙皆悦。 The monkeys were all pleased.
名实未亏， His two proposals were substantially the same,
而喜怒为用，but the result of the one was to make the creatures angry, and of the other to make them pleased
亦因是也。 - an illustration of the point I am insisting on.
是以圣人和之以是非， Therefore the sagely man brings together a dispute in its affirmations and denials,
而休乎天钧， and rests in the equal fashioning of Heaven.
是之谓两行。 Both sides of the question are admissible.

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