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中国哲学书电子化计划
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道家 -> 庄子 -> 外篇 -> 天道 -> 2

夫帝王之德，It was the Way of the Dis and Kings
以天地为宗， to regard Heaven and Earth as their Author,
以道德为主， the Dao and its characteristics as their Lord,
以无为为常。 and Doing-nothing as their constant rule.
无为也， Doing-nothing,
则用天下而有馀； they could use the whole world in their service and might have done more;
有为也， acting,
则为天下用而不足。 they were not sufficient for the service required of them by the world.
故古之人贵夫无为也。Hence the men of old held non-inaction in honour.
上无为也，When superiors do nothing
下亦无为也， and their inferiors also do nothing,
是下与上同德， inferiors and superiors possess the same virtue;
下与上同德则不臣；and when inferiors and superiors possess the same virtue, there are none to act as ministers.
下有为也， When inferiors act,
上亦有为也， and their superiors also act,
是上与下同道， then superiors and inferiors possess the same Dao;
上与下同道则不主。and when superiors and inferiors possess the same Dao, there is none to preside as Lord.
上必无为而用天下， But that the superiors do nothing and yet thereby use the world in their service,
下必有为为天下用，and that the inferiors, while acting, be employed in the service of the world,
此不易之道也。 is an unchangeable principle.
故古之王天下者， Therefore the ancient kings who presided over the world,
知虽落天地， though their knowledge embraced (all the operations of) Heaven and Earth,
不自虑也； took no thought of their own about them;
辩虽雕万物， though their nice discrimination appreciated the fine fashioning of all things,
不自说也； they said not a word about it;
能虽穷海内， though their power comprehended all within the seas,
不自为也。 they did nothing themselves.
天不产而万物化，Heaven produces nothing, yet all things experience their transformations;
地不长而万物育，Earth effects no growth, yet all things receive their nurture;
帝王无为而天下功。the Dis and Kings did nothing, yet all the world testified their effective services.
故曰： Hence it is said,
莫神于天， 'There is nothing more spiritlike than Heaven;
莫富于地， there is nothing richer than Earth;
莫大于帝王。 there are none greater than the Dis and Kings.'
故曰： Hence it is said (further),
帝王之德配天地。 'The attributes of the Dis and kings corresponded to those of Heaven and Earth.'
此乘天地， It was thus that they availed themselves of (the operations of) Heaven and Earth,
驰万物， carried all things on unceasingly (in their courses),
而用人群之道也。 and employed the various classes of men in their service.

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