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中國哲學書電子化計劃
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儒家 -> 論衡 -> 道虛 -> 3

實「黃帝」者，何等也？What does Huangdi really mean?
號乎？謚也？ Is it an appellative or a posthumous title?
如謚，Being a posthumous title
臣子所誄列也， it must be some praise bestowed upon him by his subjects,
誄生時所行為之謚。 for this kind of title is a glorification of what the deceased has done during his life-time.
黃帝好道， Huangdi was a votary of Dao,
遂以升天，and subsequently, as they say, rose to Heaven.
臣子誄之， If his subjects wanted to honour him,
宜以「仙」、「升」，不當以「黃」謚。they ought not to have styled him Huang, but ought to have given him a title implying his ascension as an immortal.
《謚法》曰：According to the rules for honorary titles
「靜民則法曰黃。」 the pacification of the people would be called Huang,
「黃」者，安民之謚， which means that he who is styled so kept the people at peace,
非得道之稱也。 but the word does not denote the acquisition of Dao.
百王之謚，Among the many emperors
文則曰「文」，those given to arts and literature were called Wen i.e. Scholarly,
武則曰「武」。those fond of War, i.e. Warriors.
文武不失實， Both designations had their real basis.
所以勸操行也。 They served to exhort others to do the like.
如黃帝之時質，未有謚乎？If at the time of Huangdi posthumous titles were not yet given according to qualities,
名之為「黃帝」，何世之人也？ of what generation were those who first called him Huangdi?
使黃帝之臣子，Huangdi's own subjects
知君； must have known their prince,
使後世之人，and later generations
跡其行。 could trace his doings.
黃帝之世，號謚有無，雖疑未定， Although our doubts about the existence of appellatives and posthumous titles at Huangdi's time may not be set at rest,
「黃」非升仙之稱，明矣。 at all events it is evident that Huang cannot mean an Immortal who rose to Heaven.

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