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中国哲学书电子化计划
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墨家 -> 墨子 -> 卷三 -> 尚同上 -> 3

正长既已具，When the rulers were all installed,
天子发政于天下之百姓， the emperor issued a mandate to all the people,
言曰： saying:
‘闻善而不善，"Upon hearing good or evil
皆以告其上。 one shall report it to a superior.
上之所是，What the superior thinks to be right
必皆是之， all shall think to be right;
所非必皆非之， what the superior thinks to be wrong all shall think to be wrong.
上有过则规谏之， When the superior is at fault there shall be good counsel,
下有善则傍荐之。 when the subordinates show virtue there shall be popular recommendation.
上同而不下比者， To identify one's self with the superior and not to unite one's self with the subordinates
此上之所赏，- this is what deserves encouragement from above
而下之所誉也。 and praise from below."
意若闻善而不善，On the other hand, if upon hearing good or evil
不以告其上， one should not report to a superior;
上之所是，if what the superior thought to be right
弗能是， one should not think to be right;
上之所非，if what the superior thought to be wrong
弗能非， one should not think to be wrong;
上有过弗规谏，if when the superior was at fault there should be no good counsel
下有善弗傍荐， if when the subordinates showed virtue there should be no popular recommendation;
下比不能上同者， if there should be common cause with subordinates and no identification with the superior
此上之所罚，- this is what deserves punishment from above
而百姓所毁也。’ and condemnation from below."
上以此为赏罚， The superior made this the basis of reward and punishment.
甚明察以审信。 He was clear-sighted and won his people's confidence.

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