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中国哲学书电子化计划
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法家 -> 商君书 -> 赏刑 -> 4

所谓壹刑者，What I mean by the unification of punishments
刑无等级。 is that punishments should know no degree or grade,
自卿相将军以至大夫庶人， but that from ministers of state and generals down to great officers and ordinary folk,
有不从王令， whosoever does not obey the king's commands,
犯国禁， violates the interdicts of the state,
乱上制者， or rebels against the statutes fixed by the ruler,
罪死不赦。 should be guilty of death and should not be pardoned.
有功于前，有败于后，不为损刑。 Merit acquired in the past should not cause a decrease in the punishment for demerit later,
有善于前，有过于后，不为亏法。 nor should good behaviour in the past cause any derogation of the law for wrong done later.
忠臣孝子有过， If loyal ministers and filial sons do wrong,
必以其数断。 they should be judged according to the full measure of their guilt,
守法守职之吏， and if amongst the officials who have to maintain the law and to uphold an office,
有不行王法者， there are those who do not carry out the king's law,
罪死不赦， they are guilty of death and should not be pardoned,
刑及三族。 but their punishment should be extended to their family for three generations.
同官之人，知而讦之上者，Colleagues who, knowing their offence, inform their superiors
自免于罪。 will themselves escape punishment.
无贵贱，尸袭其官长之官爵田禄。In neither high nor low offices should there be an automatic hereditary succession to the office, rank, lands or emoluments of officials.
故曰：“重刑连其罪， Therefore do I say that if there are severe penalties that extend to the whole family,
则民不敢试。” people will not dare to try (how far they can go),
民不敢试， and as they dare not try,
故无刑也。 no punishments will be necessary.
夫先王之禁刺杀，断人之足，黥人之面，非求伤民也，The former kings, in making their interdicts, did not put to death, or cut off people's feet, or brand people's faces, because they sought to harm those people,
以禁奸止过也。 but with the object of prohibiting wickedness and stopping crime;
故禁奸止过，莫若重刑。 for there is no better means of prohibiting wickedness and stopping crime than by making punishments heavy.
刑重而必得， If punishments are heavy and rigorously applied,
则民不敢试， then people will not dare to try (how far they can go),
故国无刑民。with the result that, in the state, there will be no people punished.
国无刑民，故曰：“明刑不戮。”Because there are no people punished in the state, I say that if one understands punishments, there is no capital punishment.

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