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中國哲學書電子化計劃
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法家 -> 商君書 -> 畫策 -> 3

國之亂也，非其法亂也，非法不用也。If a state is in disorder, it is not because the law is disorderly, but because its law is not applied.
國皆有法，而無使法必行之法。All states have laws, but there are no laws that guarantee that the laws are practised.
國皆有禁姦邪刑盜賊之法，All states have laws that prohibit crime and wickedness, and that punish thieves and robbers,
而無使姦邪盜賊必得之法。but there are no laws that guarantee that criminals and wicked people, thieves and robbers, are caught.
為姦邪盜賊者，If those who commit crimes and wickedness, theft and robbery,
死刑， are punished with death,
而姦邪盜賊不止者，and if, in spite of this, crime and wickedness, theft and robbery do not cease,
不必得也。 then it is because they are not always caught.
必得，而尚有姦邪盜賊者，刑輕也。If they are always caught, and if, in spite of this, there still remain criminals, wicked people, thieves and robbers, then it is because punishments are too light.
刑輕者， If punishments are light,
不得誅也。 one cannot exterminate them;
必得者， but if they are always caught,
刑者眾也。 then those who are punished will be numerous.
故善治者，Therefore, a good ruler
刑不善， punishes the bad people,
而不賞善， but does not reward the virtuous ones,
故不刑而民善。so, without being punished, the people will be virtuous,
不刑而民善，刑重也。 and the reason of this is that punishments are heavy.
刑重者， When punishments are heavy,
民不敢犯， people dare not transgress,
故無刑也。 and therefore there will be no punishments;
而民莫敢為非， because none of the people will dare to do wrong,
是一國皆善也。 everyone in the whole country will be virtuous,
故不賞善， so that without rewarding the virtuous,
而民善。 the people will be virtuous.
賞善之不可也，猶賞不盜。That the rewarding of the virtuous is not permissible is because it is like giving rewards for not stealing.
故善治者，Therefore, a good ruler
使跖可信， succeeds in making a man like Zhi trustworthy;
而況伯夷乎？how much more, then, a man like Bo Yi;
不能治者，An incapable ruler
使伯夷可疑， makes a man like Bo Yi mistrustful,
而況跖乎？ how much more a man like Zhi!
勢不能為姦， If conditions are such that one cannot commit crimes,
雖跖可信也； then even a man like Zhi will be trustworthy;
勢得為姦， but if conditions are such that it is possible to commit crimes,
雖伯夷可疑也。 then even a man like Bo Yi will be mistrustful.

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