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中國哲學書電子化計劃
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法家 -> 商君書 -> 君臣 -> 2

今世君不然。But the princes of the present time do not act thus.
釋法而以知，背功而以譽。They relax the law and keep to knowledge; they turn their backs on merit and keep to people of reputation.
故軍士不戰，而農民流徙。Therefore, soldiers do not fight and farmers are migratory.
臣聞道民之門，在上所先。I have heard that the gate through which the people are guided depends on where their superiors lead.
故民可令農戰，可令游宦，可令學問，在上所與。Therefore, whether one succeeds in making people farm or fight, or in making them into travelling politicians, or in making them into scholars, depends on what their superiors encourage.
上以功勞與， If their superiors encourage merit and labour,
則民戰； people will fight;
上以詩書與， if they encourage the Odes and Book of History,
則民學問。 people will become scholars.
民之於利也，若水於下也，四旁無擇也。For people's attitude towards profit is just like the tendency of water to flow downwards, without preference for any of the four sides.
民徒可以得利而為之者，上與之也。The people are only interested in obtaining profit, and it depends on what their superiors encourage, what they will do.
瞋目扼腕而語勇者得，If men with angry eyes, who clench their fists and call themselves brave, are successful;
垂衣裳而談說者得，if men in flowing robes, who idly talk, are successful;
遲日曠久積勞私門者得，if men who waste their time and spend their days in idleness, and save their efforts for obtaining benefit through private channels, are successful
尊向三者， - if these three kinds of people,
無功而皆可以得，though they have no merit, all obtain respectful treatment,
民去農戰而為之， then people will leave off farming and fighting and will do this:
或談議而索之， either they will extort it by discussions and suggestions,
或事便辟而請之， or they will ask for it by practising flattery,
或以勇爭之。 or they will struggle for it by acts of bravery.
故農戰之民日寡，而游食者愈眾，則國亂而地削，兵弱而主卑。Thus farmers and fighters will dwindle daily, and itinerant office-seekers will increase more and more, with the result that the country will fall into disorder, the land will be dismembered, the army will be weak and the ruler debased.
此其所以然者，釋法制而任名譽也。This would be the result of relaxing laws and regulations and placing reliance on men of fame and reputation.

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