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中国哲学书电子化计划
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法家 -> 商君书 -> 君臣 -> 2

今世君不然。But the princes of the present time do not act thus.
释法而以知，背功而以誉。They relax the law and keep to knowledge; they turn their backs on merit and keep to people of reputation.
故军士不战，而农民流徙。Therefore, soldiers do not fight and farmers are migratory.
臣闻道民之门，在上所先。I have heard that the gate through which the people are guided depends on where their superiors lead.
故民可令农战，可令游宦，可令学问，在上所与。Therefore, whether one succeeds in making people farm or fight, or in making them into travelling politicians, or in making them into scholars, depends on what their superiors encourage.
上以功劳与， If their superiors encourage merit and labour,
则民战； people will fight;
上以诗书与， if they encourage the Odes and Book of History,
则民学问。 people will become scholars.
民之于利也，若水于下也，四旁无择也。For people's attitude towards profit is just like the tendency of water to flow downwards, without preference for any of the four sides.
民徒可以得利而为之者，上与之也。The people are only interested in obtaining profit, and it depends on what their superiors encourage, what they will do.
瞋目扼腕而语勇者得，If men with angry eyes, who clench their fists and call themselves brave, are successful;
垂衣裳而谈说者得，if men in flowing robes, who idly talk, are successful;
迟日旷久积劳私门者得，if men who waste their time and spend their days in idleness, and save their efforts for obtaining benefit through private channels, are successful
尊向三者， - if these three kinds of people,
无功而皆可以得，though they have no merit, all obtain respectful treatment,
民去农战而为之， then people will leave off farming and fighting and will do this:
或谈议而索之， either they will extort it by discussions and suggestions,
或事便辟而请之， or they will ask for it by practising flattery,
或以勇争之。 or they will struggle for it by acts of bravery.
故农战之民日寡，而游食者愈众，则国乱而地削，兵弱而主卑。Thus farmers and fighters will dwindle daily, and itinerant office-seekers will increase more and more, with the result that the country will fall into disorder, the land will be dismembered, the army will be weak and the ruler debased.
此其所以然者，释法制而任名誉也。This would be the result of relaxing laws and regulations and placing reliance on men of fame and reputation.

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