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中國哲學書電子化計劃
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法家 -> 商君書 -> 定分 -> 5

今先聖人為書，而傳之後世，Now the former sages made writings and transmitted them to later generations,
必師受之， and it is necessary to accept these as authoritative,
乃知所謂之名； so that one may know what is conveyed by established terminology.
不師受之，Should they not be accepted as authoritative
而人以其心意議之， and should people discuss them according to ideas of their own mind,
至死不能知其名與其意。 then until their death they will not succeed in understanding the terminology and its meaning.
故聖人必為法令置官也，置吏也，為天下師，Therefore did the sages set up officers and officials for the laws and mandates, who should be authoritative in the empire,
所以定名分也。 in order to define everyone's rights and duties,
名分定， so that these being definite,
則大詐貞信， the very crafty would become faithful and trustworthy,
民皆愿愨， and the people would all become honest and guileless,
而各自治也。 each one restraining himself.
故夫名分定，For indeed, the defining of everybody's rights and duties
勢治之道也； is the road that leads to orderly government,
名分不定，but the not defining of everybody's rights and duties
勢亂之道也。 is the road that leads to disorder.
故勢治者不可亂，勢亂者不可治。So where there is a tendency towards order, there cannot be disorder, and where there is a tendency towards disorder, there cannot be order.
夫勢亂而治之愈亂，Indeed, where there is a tendency towards disorder and one governs it, the disorder will only increase,
勢治而治之則治。but where there is a tendency towards order and one governs it, there will be order.
故聖王治治不治亂。Therefore, the sage kings governed order and did not govern disorder.

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