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中国哲学书电子化计划
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儒家 -> 礼记 -> 曾子问 -> 18.2

孔子曰：Confucius said,
“天无二日， 'In heaven there are not two suns;
土无二王， in a country there are not two kings;
尝禘郊社，in the seasonal sacrifices, and those to Heaven and Earth,
尊无二上。 there are not two who occupy the highest place of honour.
未知其为礼也。I do not know that what you ask about is according to rule.
昔者齐桓公亟举兵，Formerly duke Huan of Qi, going frequently to war,
作伪主以行。 made fictitious tablets and took them with him on his expeditions,
及反，藏诸祖庙。 depositing them on his return in the ancestral temple.
庙有二主，自桓公始也。The practice of having two tablets in a temple-shrine originated from duke Huan.
丧之二孤，As to two (playing the part of the) orphan son, it may be thus explained:
则昔者卫灵公适鲁，Formerly, on occasion of a visit to Lu by duke Ling of Wei,
遭季桓子之丧， the mourning rites of Ji Huan-zi were in progress.
卫君请吊， The ruler of Wei requested leave to offer his condolences.
哀公辞不得命，Duke Ai (of Lu), declined (the ceremony), but could not enforce his refusal.
公为主， He therefore acted as the principal (mourner),
客人吊。 and the visitor came in to condole with him.
康子立于门右，北面； Kang-zi stood on the right of the gate with his face to the north.
公揖让升自东阶，西乡；The duke, after the usual bows and courtesies, ascended by the steps on the east with his face towards the west.
客升自西阶吊。The visitor ascended by those on the west, and paid his condolences.
公拜， The duke bowed ceremoniously to him,
兴，哭； and then rose up and wailed,
康子拜稽颡于位，while Kang-zi bowed with his forehead to the ground, in the position where he was.
有司弗辩也。 The superintending officers made no attempt to put the thing to rights.
今之二孤，自季康子之过也。The having two now acting as the orphan son arose from the error of Ji Kang-zi.

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