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中国哲学书电子化计划
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墨家 -> 墨子 -> 卷一 -> 七患 -> 1

子墨子曰：Mozi said:
国有七患。 There are seven causes of worry to a state.
七患者何？ What are these seven causes of worry?
城郭沟池不可守而治宫室， When the outer and the inner city walls are not defensible,
一患也。 this is the first worry;
边国至境四邻莫救， When an enemy state is approaching and yet one's neighbours do not come to the rescue,
二患也。 this is the second worry;
先尽民力无用之功， When the resources of the people have all been spent on useless enterprises
赏赐无能之人， and gifts all squandered upon incapable men,
民力尽于无用，when people's resources are exhausted without producing any profit
财宝虚于待1客， and the treasury is emptied by entertaining idle company,
三患也。 this is the third worry;
仕者持2禄， When the officials value only their salaries,
游者爱佼3， and the sophists only friendship,
君修法讨臣，臣慑而不敢拂， and when the subordinates dare not remonstrate against the laws the ruler has made for persecution,
四患也。 this is the fourth worry;
君自以为圣智而不问事， When the lord is over-confident of his own wisdom and holds no consultation,
自以为安强而无守备， when he feels he is secure and makes no preparations against attack;
四邻谋之不知戒， and when he does not know that he must be watchful while neighbours are planning against him,
五患也。 this is the fifth worry;
所信4
者5不忠，		When those trusted are not loyal
所忠
者6不信，		 and the loyal are not trusted,
六患也。 this is the sixth worry;
畜种菽粟不足以食之， And when the crops are not sufficient for food
大臣不足
以7事之，		 and the ministers can not be charged with responsibilities,
赏赐不能喜，and when awards fail to make people happy
诛罚不能威， and punishment to make them afraid,
七患也。 this is the seventh worry.
以七患居国， With these seven causes present in the maintenance of the state,
必无社8稷； the state will perish,
以七患守城，and, in the defence of a city,
敌至国倾。 the city will be reduced to ruin by the approaching enemy.
七患之所当， Wherever these seven causes are found,
国必有殃。 the country will face calamity.

1. 待 : 原作“持”。自清毕沅《墨子注》改。
2. 持 : 原作“待”。自孙诒让《墨子闲诂》改。
3. 爱佼 : 原作“忧反”。自吴毓江《墨子校注》改。
4. 信 : 原作“言”。自孙诒让《墨子闲诂》改。
5. 者 : 旧脱。 孙诒让《墨子闲诂》据《群书治要》本补。
6. 者 : 旧脱。 孙诒让《墨子闲诂》据《群书治要》本补。
7. 以 : 旧脱。 孙诒让《墨子闲诂》
8. 社 : 原作“杜”。自孙诒让《墨子闲诂》改。

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