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中國哲學書電子化計劃
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墨家 -> 墨子 -> 卷一 -> 辭過 -> 8

凡回於天地之間，包於四海之內，天壤之情，陰陽之和，莫不有也，Every creature living between Heaven and earth and within the four seas partakes of the nature of Heaven and earth and the harmony of the Yin and the Yang.
雖至聖不能更也。 Even the greatest sages cannot alter this.
何以知其然？How do we know?
聖人有傳：天地也， When they taught about Heaven and earth,
則曰上下；they dwelt on the upper and the lower spheres
四時也， and the four seasons,
則曰陰陽；the principles of Yin and Yang
人情也， and human nature,
則曰男女； the phenomena of men and women,
禽獸也， birds and animals,
則曰牡牝雄雌也。 and that of the sexes.
真天壤之情，雖有先王不能更也。Even the early kings could not escape from the fundamentals of nature.
雖上世至聖，Even the great sages of ancient times
必蓄私， must keep a household.
不以傷行，Only, as their conduct was not unfavorably affected,
故民無怨。 there was no dissatisfaction among the people,
宮無拘女，and as women were not kept within the palace (to be spinsters)
故天下無寡夫。 there were few bachelors in the empire.
內無拘女，外無寡夫，故天下之民眾。As women were not kept within the palace and as there were few bachelors abroad, the population in the empire was large.
當今之君，其蓄私也，大國拘女累千，The present rulers of large states retain as many women as a thousand in their household
小國累百， and those of small states as many as a hundred.
是以天下之男多寡無妻，Therefore men in the empire are mostly without wife
女多拘無夫， and women without husband.
男女1失時，The functions of men and women are prevented
故民少。 and the population becomes small.
君實欲民之眾而惡其寡，當蓄私不可不節。If the rulers sincerely desire the population to be large and hate to see it small, they must not indulge in retaining too many women.

1. 女 : 原作「子」。自孫詒讓《墨子閒詁》改。

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