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中国哲学书电子化计划
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墨家 -> 墨子 -> 卷二 -> 尚贤下 -> 1

子墨子言曰：Mozi said:
“天下之王公大人皆欲其国家之富也， All the rulers in the world desire their states to be wealthy,
人民之众也， their people to be many,
刑法之治也， and their government and jurisdiction to be orderly.
然而不识以尚贤为政其国家百姓， But they do not understand to govern their states and people by exaltation of the virtuous.
王公大人本失尚贤为政之本也。They have missed, indeed, the foundation of government.
若苟王公大人本失尚贤为政之本也，则不能毋举物示之乎？ But can we not point this out to them by means of parallels?
今若有一诸侯于此，为政其国家也，曰：Now, supposing, in governing his state, a feudal lord should proclaim:
‘凡我国能射御之士，"All those who can shoot (with an arrow) and drive (a chariot) well
我将赏贵之， I shall reward and honour;
不能射御之士，all those who cannot
我将罪贱之。’ I shall punish and disgrace."
问于若国之士，If, then, we should inquire among the people of the state
孰喜孰惧？ as to who would rejoice and who would be afraid,
我以为必能射御之士喜，I suppose naturally those who could shoot and drive would rejoice
不能射御之士惧。 and those who could not would be afraid.
我赏因而诱之矣，曰： I have followed this (line of argument) and led them supposedly to proclaim:
‘凡我国之忠信之士，"All the loyal and faithful
我将赏贵之， I shall reward and honour;
不忠信之士，all the disloyal and unfaithful
我将罪贱之。’ I shall punish and disgrace."
问于若国之士，If now we should inquire among the people of the state
孰喜孰惧？ as to who would rejoice and who would be afraid,
我以为必忠信之士喜，I suppose naturally the loyal and faithful would rejoice
不忠不信之士惧。 and the disloyal and unfaithful would be afraid.
今惟毋以尚贤为政其国家百姓， Therefore the state and the people are to be governed by exalting the virtuous,
使国为善者劝，so that those in the state that do good will be encouraged
为暴者沮， and those that do evil will be obstructed.
大以为政于天下，To govern the empire
使天下之为善者劝，seems then to consist of encouraging the good
为暴者沮。 and obstructing the evil.
然昔吾所以贵尧舜禹汤文武之道者，何故以哉？But why is it that I have esteemed the way of Yao, Shun, Yu, Tang, Wen, and Wu?
以其唯毋临众发政而治民，Because they administered the government in such a way
使天下之为善者可而劝也，that those in the empire that did good would be encouraged
为暴者可而沮也。 and those that did evil would be obstructed.
然则此尚贤者也，So, then, the principle of exaltation of the virtuous
与尧舜禹汤文武之道同矣。is identical with the way of Yao, Shun, Yu, Tang, Wen, and Wu.

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