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中國哲學書電子化計劃
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墨家 -> 墨子 -> 卷四 -> 兼愛下 -> 2

子墨子曰：Mozi continued:
「非人者必有以易之， Whoever criticizes others must have something to replace them.
若非人而無以易之，Criticism without suggestion
譬之猶以水救火也， is like trying to stop flood with flood and put out fire with fire.
其說將必無可焉。」 It will surely be without worth.
是故子墨子曰：「兼以易別。Mozi said: Partiality is to be replaced by universality.
然即兼之可以易別之故何也？But how is it that partiality can be replaced by universality?
曰：藉為人之國，若為其國，夫誰獨舉其國以攻人之國者哉？Now, when every one regards the states of others as he regards his own, who would attack the others' states?
為彼者由為己也。Others are regarded like self.
為人之都，若為其都，夫誰獨舉其都以伐人之都者哉？When every one regards the capitals of others as he regards his own, who would seize the others' capitals?
為彼猶為己也。Others are regarded like self.
為人之家，若為其家，夫誰獨舉其家以亂人之家者哉？When every one regards the houses of others as he regards his own, who would disturb the others' houses?
為彼猶為己也， Others are regarded like self.
然即國、都不相攻伐，Now, when the states and cities do not attack and seize each other
人家不相亂賊， and when the clans and individuals do not disturb and harm one another
此天下之害與？天下之利與？-- is this a calamity or a benefit to the world?
即必曰天下之利也。Of course it is a benefit.
姑嘗本原若眾利之所自生，此胡自生？When we come to think about the several benefits in regard to their cause, how have they arisen?
此自惡人賊人生與？Have they arisen out of hate of others and injuring others?
即必曰非然也， Of course we should say no.
必曰從愛人利人生。 We should say they have arisen out of love of others and benefiting others.
分名乎天下愛人而利人者， If we should classify one by one all those who love others and benefit others,
別與？兼與？ should we find them to be partial or universal?
即必曰兼也。Of course we should say they are universal.
然即之交兼者，果生天下之大利者與。」Now, since universal love is the cause of the major benefits in the world,
是故子墨子曰：「兼是也。 therefore Mozi proclaims universal love is right.
且鄉吾本言曰：『仁人之事者，必務求興天下之利，除天下之害。』And, as has already been said, the interest of the magnanimous lies in procuring benefits for the world and eliminating its calamities.
今吾本原兼之所生，Now that we have found out the consequences of universal love
天下之大利者也；to be the major benefits of the world
吾本原別之所生，and the consequences of partiality
天下之大害者也。」 to be the major calamities in the world;
是故子墨子曰：「別非而兼是者，出乎若方也。 this is the reason why Mozi said partiality is wrong and universality is right.

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