在Facebook上關注我們，隨時得到最新消息 在Twitter上關注我們，隨時得到最新消息 在新浪微博上關注我們，隨時得到最新消息 在豆瓣上關注我們，隨時得到最新消息
中國哲學書電子化計劃
Back Forward
墨家 -> 墨子 -> 卷九 -> 非命中 -> 4

是故昔者三代之暴王，不繆其耳目之淫，不慎其心志之辟，外之敺騁田獵畢弋，內沈於酒樂，1		On the other hand, the wicked kings of the Three Dynasties did not control the lust of their ears and eyes and did not restrain the passions of their heart. When they went out they indulged in racing, hunting, and trapping. When they stayed indoors they revelled in wine and music.
不顧其國家百姓之政。 They did not attend to the government of the country and of the people,
繁為無用， but they did much that was of no use.
暴逆百姓， They oppressed the people,
使下不親其上， causing the subordinates not to love their superior.
是故國為虛厲， Hence the country became empty and without any future,
身在刑僇之中 and they themselves were in punishment and disaster.
，必不能曰我見命焉2。
是故昔者三代之暴王，不繆其耳目之淫，不慎其心志之辟，外之敺騁田獵畢弋，內沈於酒樂，3
不肯曰：4『我5罷不肖，我為刑政不善』，		 But they would not confess and say: "I am stupid and insolent and poor in administering the government."
必曰： But they would say:
『我命故且亡。』 "It is but my fate to perish."
雖昔也三代之窮民，亦由此也。Even the miserable people of the Three Dynasties were like this.
內之不能善事其親戚， Within they could not well serve their parents,
外不能善事其君長， without they could not well serve their ruler.
惡恭儉而好簡易， They disliked politeness and frugality but liked licence and ease.
貪飲食而惰從事， They indulged in drinking and eating and were lazy.
衣食之財不足，The means of food and clothing became insufficient
使身至有饑寒凍餒之憂， and they placed themselves in danger of hunger and cold.
必不能曰： They would not confess:
『我罷不肖，"I am stupid and insolent
我從事不疾』， and was not diligent at work."
必曰： But they would say:
『我命固且窮。』 "It is but my fate to be poor."
雖昔也三代之偽民，亦猶此也。Such, then, also were the miserable people of the Three Dynasties.
繁飾有命，以教眾愚樸人久矣。Fatalism has been glossed over and taught the stupid people.
聖王之患此也， This was of great concern to the sage-kings,
故書之竹帛，and they put it down on the bamboos and silk
琢之金石， and cut it in metals and stone.
於先王之書仲虺之告曰：Among the books of the early kings, "The Announcement of Zhong Hui" says:
『我聞有夏，"I have heard the man of Xia
人矯天命，布命于下，issue orders, pretending them to be fate of Heaven.
帝式是惡，God was displeased
用闕師。』 and destroyed his forces."
此語夏王桀之執有命也，湯與仲虺共非之。This shows how King Jie of Xia believed in fate and how both Tang and Zhong Hui thought it to be wrong.
先王之書太誓之言然曰： Among the books of early kings "The Great Declaration" says:
『紂夷之居，"Zhou became insolent
而不用事上帝， and would not worship God,
棄闕其先神而不祀也， and pushed away the ancestors and spirits without offering them sacrifices.
曰： And he said:
「我民有命， 'Fortune is with my people,'
毋僇其務。」 and neglected and betrayed his duty.
天不亦棄縱而不葆。Heaven thereupon deserted him and withdrew its protection.
此言紂之執有命也，武王以太誓非也。This shows how Zhou believed in fate, and how King Wu proclaimed it to be wrong with "The Great Declaration."
有於三代不國有之曰：『女毋崇天之有命也。』Again, "The Three Dynasties and Hundred States " says: " Do not place too much faith in the fate in Heaven."
命三不國亦言命之無也。So "The Three Dynasties and Hundred States" also says there is no fate.
於召公之執令於然， Also "Shao Gong" in the same way discredits the belief in fate.
且： It says:
「『敬哉！無天命， "Assuredly there is no fate in Heaven.
惟予二人，而無造言， Let us two not teach false doctrines.
不自降天之哉得之。』(One's destiny) does not come from Heaven, but is shaped by one's self."
在於商、夏之詩書曰：『命者暴王作之。』And it is said in the odes and books of Shang and Xia: "Fate is born of the wicked kings."
且今天下之士君子，將欲辯是非利害之故，當天有命者，不可不疾非也。So, then, if the gentlemen of the world desire to distinguish right and wrong, benefit and harm, fate of Heaven must be strenuously discredited.
執有命者，To hold there is fate
此天下之厚害也， is the great disaster of the world.
是故子墨子非也。 And therefore Mozi refuted it.

1. 是故昔者三代之暴王，不繆其耳目之淫，不慎其心志之辟，外之敺騁田獵畢弋，內沈於酒樂， : 從第4條移到此處。
2. ，必不能曰我見命焉 : 移到第3條。
3. 是故昔者三代之暴王，不繆其耳目之淫，不慎其心志之辟，外之敺騁田獵畢弋，內沈於酒樂， : 移到第4條。
4. 不肯曰： : 舊脫。 孫詒讓《墨子閒詁》
5. 我 : 原作「而」。

喜歡我們的網站？請支持我們的發展。網站的設計與内容(c)版權2006-2024。如果您想引用本網站上的内容，請同時加上至本站的鏈接：https://ctext.org/zh。請注意：嚴禁使用自動下載軟体下載本網站的大量網頁，違者自動封鎖，不另行通知。沪ICP备09015720号-3若有任何意見或建議，請在此提出。