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中国哲学书电子化计划
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儒家 -> 礼记 -> 檀弓下 -> 155

孔子谓：Confucius said,
“为明器者， 'He who made the vessels which are so (only) in imagination,
知丧道矣， knew the principles underlying the mourning rites.
备物而不可用也。”They were complete (to all appearance), and yet could not be used.
哀哉！Alas!
死者而用生者之器也。 if for the dead they had used the vessels of the living,
不殆于用殉乎哉？ would there not have been a danger of this leading to the interment of the living with the dead?'
“其曰明器， They were called 'vessels in imagination,'
神明之也。” (the dead) being thus treated as spiritual intelligences,
涂车、刍灵，自古有之， From of old there were the carriages of clay and the figures of straw,
明器之道也。 in accordance with the idea in these vessels in imagination.
孔子谓“为刍灵者善”， Confucius said that the making of the straw figures was good,
谓“为俑者不仁”， and that the making of the (wooden) automaton was not benevolent.
不殆于用人乎哉？ Was there not a danger of its leading to the use of (living) men?

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