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Discussion -> Linguistic issues -> 契鱼.《汉语大词典》拾遗之二十三

2019-02-19 09:26:22契鱼.《汉语大词典》拾遗之二十三
Posted by: y4inpg (yyyy404)唐皮日休《七爱》诗:「所谓圣天子,难得忠贞臣,下以契鱼水,上以合风云。」
唐杜甫《别蔡十四著作》诗:「稍令社稷安,自契鱼水亲。」
  契鱼水,契鱼水亲,是出于典故《三国志.诸葛亮传》,谓刘备「与亮情好日密。关羽、张飞等不悦。」(刘备)说:「孤有孔明,如鱼之有水也。」成语「如(犹)鱼得水」也出于此。是说明双方气义相投并于同一环境里很适合双方的这种意思,这种意思莫过于唐和凝《宫词.五十九》诗:「君圣臣贤鱼水契,鸿基须贺永清平」句了。
  好了,如果你一读宋司马光《奉和济川代书三十韵寄诸同舍》诗:「云盖森胡骑,天阍谨契鱼」句,这契鱼,是「契鱼水」省字吗?
  如果是,那么司马氏这十个字是在说:咱马车其之盛如归附的胡人之骑,咱宫门之人其之谨忠谨厚犹鱼得水。
  如果不是,那么相对前句「胡骑」,这「契鱼」,是否该指契兵,契丹之兵呢?《康熙字典.鱼》引:《史记.周本纪》之「白鱼跃入王舟中」之注:「马融曰:鱼者介鳞之物,兵象也。」由是「契兵」跟「胡骑」对衬起来了。
  那么司马氏这十个字的诗是在说:咱们的战车森严得令胡人之骑不敢侵犯,咱们的国门谨严得令契丹之兵不敢来犯。
  若以上二说都成,那会否令《汉语大词典》左右爲难呢?



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