| | 僖公三十... : |
三十有三年春，王二月，秦人入滑。齊侯使國歸父來聘。 |
| | In spring of the thirty-third year, during the second month of King [name], the Qin people entered Hua. Duke Qi sent Guoguifu to visit here.
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| | 僖公三十... : |
夏，四月辛巳，晉人及姜戎敗秦于殽。其謂之秦何？夷狄之也。曷為夷狄之？秦伯將襲鄭，百里子與蹇叔子諫曰：「千里而襲人，未有不亡者也。」秦伯怒曰：「若爾之年者，宰上之木拱矣，爾曷知！」師出，百里子與蹇叔子送其子而戒之曰：「爾即死，必於殽之嵚巖，是文王之所辟風雨者也，吾將尸爾焉。」子揖師而行。百里子與蹇叔子從其子而哭之。秦伯怒曰：「爾曷為哭吾師？」對曰：「臣非敢哭君師，哭臣之子也。」弦高者，鄭商也，遇之殽，矯以鄭伯之命而犒師焉，或曰往矣，或曰反矣。然而晉人與姜戎要之殽而擊之，匹馬●輪無反者。其言及姜戎何？姜戎微也，稱人亦微者也。何言乎姜戎之微？先軫也，或曰襄公親之。襄公親之，則其稱人何？貶。曷為貶？君在乎殯而用師危，不得葬也。詐戰不日，此何以日？盡也。 |
| | In summer, on the Xinsi day of the fourth month, the Jin people and Jiang Rong defeated the Qin at Yao. Why is it called Qin? Because it refers to the Yi and Di peoples. Why refer to them as Yi and Di? Duke Qin was about to launch a surprise attack on Zheng, when Bai Li Zi and Jian Shu Zi advised him, saying: "To launch a surprise attack over a distance of one thousand li has never failed to result in failure." Duke Qin angrily said, "For someone of your age, the trees above the altar have already formed an arch; how could you know!" When the army departed, Bai Li Zi and Jian Shu zi sent off their sons and warned them, saying: "If you die, it will certainly be at Qianyan in Yao, a place where King Wen once took shelter from wind and rain. I shall lie there with your corpse." The sons bowed to the army and went along. Bai Li Zi and Jian Shu Ji followed their sons and wept for them. Duke Qin became angry and said, "Why are you crying over my army?" They replied, "We dare not cry for your army; we are crying for our own sons." Xian Gao was a merchant of Zheng, who encountered them at Yao and pretended to act on the orders of Duke Zheng to offer sacrifices as tribute. Some said they had gone ahead, others said they were returning. Nevertheless, the Jin people and the Jiang Rong ambushed them at Yao and attacked them; not a single horse or wheel returned. Why mention the Jiang Rong? Because the Jiang Rong were insignificant; they are also referred to as insignificant people. Why say that the Jiang Rong were insignificant? Because they were under the command of Xian Zhen, or it was said that Duke Xiang had a personal relationship with them. If Duke Xiang personally favored them, then why are they referred to as "people"? It is a form of censure. Why is it considered censure? Because the ruler was still in mourning when military forces were used, which was dangerous and resulted in him not receiving a proper burial. Deceptive warfare is usually not dated; why then is this event given a specific date? Because it was completely defeated.
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| | 僖公三十... : |
癸巳，葬晉文公。 |
| | On the Gusi day, Duke Wen of Jin was buried.
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| | 僖公三十... : |
狄侵齊。 |
| | The Di people invaded Qi.
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| | 僖公三十... : |
公伐邾婁，取叢。 |
| | The Gong attacked Zhu 娄 and captured Cong.
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| | 僖公三十... : |
秋，公子遂率師伐邾婁。 |
| | In autumn, Gongzi Sui led the army to attack Zhu 娄.
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| | 僖公三十... : |
晉人敗狄于箕。 |
| | The Jin people defeated the Di at Ji.
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| | 僖公三十... : |
冬，十月，公如齊。 |
| | In winter, during the tenth month, Gong went to Qi.
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| | 僖公三十... : |
十有二月，公至自齊。 |
| | On the twelfth month, Gong returned from Qi.
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| | 僖公三十... : |
乙巳，公薨于小寢。 |
| | On the Yisi day, Gong died in the small chamber.
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| | 僖公三十... : |
隕霜不殺草，李、梅實。何以書？記異也。何異爾？不時也。 |
| | Frost fell but did not kill the grass; lychee and plum fruits remained intact. Why is this recorded? To record an unusual occurrence. What makes it unusual? Because it occurred at an abnormal time.
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| | 僖公三十... : |
晉人、陳人、鄭人伐許。 |
| | The Jin, Chen, and Zheng people attacked Xu.
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| | 僖公三十... : |
莒弒其君庶其。稱國以弒何？稱國以弒者，眾弒君之辭。 |
| | Ju assassinated its ruler Shuqi. 略 Why mention the state in relation to an assassination? Mentioning the state in connection with an assassination is a way of indicating that many people were involved in the killing of their ruler.
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