| | 莊公三年: |
三年春，王正月，溺會齊師伐衛。溺者何也？公子溺也。其不稱公子何也？惡其會仇讎而伐同姓，故貶而名之也。 |
| | In spring of the third year, in the first lunar month of King [Wang], Qi forces joined with those of Yue to attack Wei. What is Yue? It was Gongzi Yue. Why is he not referred to as "Gongzi"? Because it was considered evil for him to meet with his enemies and attack a state of the same surname, he was therefore degraded and referred to by name.
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| | 莊公三年: |
夏，四月，葬宋莊公。月葬，故也。 |
| | In summer, in the fourth lunar month, the Duke Zhuang of Song was buried. He was buried in a specific month because it was customary.
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| | 莊公三年: |
五月，葬桓王。《傳》曰：改葬也。改葬之禮緦，舉下緬也。或曰郤屍以求諸侯。天子志崩不志葬，必其時也，何必焉？舉天下而葬一人，其義不疑也。志葬，故也，危不得葬也。日近不失崩。不志崩，失天下也。獨陰不生，獨陽不生，獨天不生，三合然後生。故曰母之子也可，天之子也可。尊者取尊稱焉，卑者取卑稱焉。其曰王者，民之所歸往也。 |
| | In the fifth lunar month, Duke Huan was buried. The Commentary says: "It was a reburial." The ritual for a reburial is equivalent to that of the 缌 mourning, elevating it from the lower level. Some say that the corpse was withheld in order to seek support from the feudal lords. The Son of Heaven records his death but not his burial, and if a burial is recorded, it must be for a specific reason; why then should we question it? To mobilize the whole realm to bury one person, its meaning is beyond doubt. The reason for recording the burial was customary; danger made it impossible to hold a proper burial. A specific date is recorded because it was close in time and did not deviate from the announcement of his death. Not recording the death means losing the realm. Isolated yin cannot produce life, isolated yang cannot produce life, and heaven alone cannot produce life; only when the three combine can life be generated. Therefore it is said: he may be called the son of his mother, or the son of heaven. Those in high positions are given respectful titles, while those in low positions are given humble titles. The term "wang" (king) is used because it is where the people look to and turn for allegiance.
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| | 莊公三年: |
秋，紀季以酅入於齊也。酅，紀之邑也。入於齊者，以酅事齊也。入者，內弗受也。 |
| | In autumn, Ji Ji brought Xi into Qi. Xi was a fief of the Ji state. To "enter into Qi" means to submit the territory of Xi to Qi. "To enter" implies that internally it was not accepted.
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| | 莊公三年: |
冬，公次於郎。次止也，有畏也。欲救紀而不能也。 |
| | In winter, the Duke stayed at Lang. "To stay" means to halt; it indicates a sense of fear or caution. It was an attempt to rescue Ji, but the Duke was unable to do so.
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