| 中國哲學書電子化計劃 |
《謙德》 | 英文翻譯：人工智能和中國哲學書電子化計劃用戶 [?] | 電子圖書館 |
| 1 | 謙德: | 大國者下流，治大國，當如居下流，不逆細微。天下之交，大國，天下士民之所交會。天下之牝。牝者，陰類也。柔謙和而不昌也。牝常以靜勝牡，女所以能屈男，陰勝陽，以，安靜不先求之也。以靜為下。陰道以安靜為謙下。故大國以下小國，則取小國，能謙下之，則常有之。小國以下大國，則取大國。此言國無大小，能持謙畜人，則無過失也。故或下以取，或下而取。下者謂大國以下小國，小國以下大國，更以義相取。大國不過欲兼畜人，大國不失下，則兼併小國而牧畜之。小國不過欲入事人。使為臣僕。夫兩者各得其所欲，大者宜為下。大國小國各欲得其所，大國又宜為謙下 |
| A great state is like a low-lying stream. To govern a great state, one should act as a low-lying stream and not resist the small or subtle things. The meeting place of all under heaven. A great state is where the scholars, officials, and people from throughout the world congregate. It is the receptive female of all under heaven. A "pin" refers to a yin-like entity; it represents receptivity and passivity. it is soft, humble, harmonious yet not flourishing." The receptive (pin) often overcomes the assertive (mu) through stillness. A woman can thus subdue a man, yin overcoming yang, because she remains calm and does not seek first. Stillness is the way of being lowly. The yin principle takes quietude as humility and submissiveness. Therefore, when a great state acts with humility toward a small state, it gains the small state's allegiance. If one can be humble and lowly, then one will always possess it. When a small state acts with humility toward a great state, it also gains the favor of the great state. This means that regardless of size, if a nation maintains humility and nurtures its people, it will have no mistakes or failures. Therefore, sometimes one acts humbly to gain something, and at other times, by being humble, one is given something. "Acting humbly" refers to the great state acting with humility toward the small state, and the small state acting with humility toward the great state; they mutually gain each other through righteousness. A great state has no greater desire than to encompass and nurture the people. If a great state does not lose its humility, it will annex small states and shepherd them as livestock. A small state has no greater wish than to submit and serve others. To make them subjects or servants. If both the great and small states achieve their desires, then the greater one should be willing to act in a lowly manner. Both the great state and the small state desire what they want; the great state should especially be humble and lowly. |
URN: ctp:heshanggong/61