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厥陰有餘病陰痺，不足病生熱痺，滑則病狐疝，風濇則病少腹積氣。少陰有餘病皮痺，隱軫不足病肺痺，滑則病肺風疝，濇則病積溲血。太陰有餘病肉痺，寒中不足病脾痺，滑則病脾風疝，濇則病積心腹時滿。陽明有餘病脈痺身時熱，不足病心痺，滑則病心風疝，濇則病積時善驚。太陽有餘病骨痺身重，不足病腎痺，滑則病腎風疝，濇則病積善時巔疾。少陽有餘病筋痺脇滿，不足病肝痺，滑則病肝風疝，濇則病積時筋急目痛。 |
| | Excess in jueyin causes disease of yin bi; deficiency causes disease of sheng re bi. Slipperiness leads to disease of fox hernia, while wind and dryness lead to accumulation of qi in the lower abdomen. Excess in shaoyin causes disease of skin bi; deficiency leads to disease of fei bi. Slipperiness results in disease of lung wind hernia, while dryness causes accumulation and blood in urine. Excess in taiyin causes disease of flesh bi; cold in the middle jiao and deficiency lead to disease of pi bi. Slipperiness causes disease of spleen wind hernia, while dryness results in accumulation with intermittent fullness in the heart and abdomen. Excess in yangming causes disease of pulse bi with occasional body heat; deficiency leads to disease of heart bi. Slipperiness results in heart wind hernia, while dryness produces accumulation and intermittent startle symptoms. Excess in taiyang causes disease of bone bi with body heaviness; deficiency leads to kidney bi. Slipperiness produces kidney wind hernia, while dryness brings about accumulation and intermittent vertigo. Excess in shaoyang causes disease of tendon bi with flank fullness; deficiency leads to liver bi. Slipperiness brings about liver wind hernia, while dryness gives rise to accumulation and intermittent muscle tension with eye pain.
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| | 四時刺逆... : |
是故春氣在經脈，夏氣在孫絡，長夏氣在肌肉，秋氣在皮膚，冬氣在骨髓中。帝曰：余願聞其故。歧伯曰：春者，天氣始開，地氣始泄，凍解冰釋，水行經通，故人氣在脈。夏者，經滿氣溢，入孫絡受血，皮膚充實。長夏者，經絡皆盛，內溢肌中。秋者，天氣始收，腠理閉塞，皮膚引急。冬者蓋藏，血氣在中，內著骨髓，通於五藏。是故邪氣者，常隨四時之氣血而入客也，至其變化不可為度，然必從其經氣，辟除其邪，除其邪，則亂氣不生。 |
| | Therefore, spring qi resides in the meridians and collaterals; summer qi resides in the collateral vessels; long summer qi resides in the muscles; autumn qi resides in the skin; winter qi resides in the bone marrow. The Emperor said: I wish to hear the reason for this. Qibo said: Spring is when the celestial qi begins to open, and the terrestrial qi begins to release; ice melts and water flows through channels. Therefore, human qi resides in the vessels. Summer is when meridians are full and qi overflows, entering the collateral vessels to receive blood, thus filling and strengthening the skin and flesh. Long summer is when both meridians and collateral vessels are full, with qi overflowing into the muscles. Autumn is when celestial qi begins to contract, pores and channels become closed, and the skin becomes tense. Winter is a time of concealment and storage, when blood and qi reside internally, settle in the bone marrow, and connect with the five zang organs. Therefore, pathogenic qi often follows the seasonal qi and blood to invade. Although its transformations are unpredictable, it must follow the meridian qi. By clearing away the pathogenic factors according to this principle, disorderly qi will not arise.
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帝曰：逆四時而生亂氣，柰何。歧伯曰：春刺絡脈，血氣外溢，令人少氣。春刺肌肉，血氣環逆，令人上氣。春刺筋骨，血氣內著，令人腹脹。夏刺經脈，血氣乃竭，令人解㑊。夏刺肌肉，血氣內卻，令人善恐。夏刺筋骨，血氣上逆，令人善怒。秋刺經脈，血氣上逆，令人善忘。秋刺絡脈，氣不外行，令人臥不欲動。秋刺筋骨，血氣內散，令人寒慄。冬刺經脈，血氣皆脫，令人目不明。冬刺絡脈，內氣外泄，留為大痺。冬刺肌肉，陽氣竭絕，令人善忘。凡此四時刺者大逆之病，不可不從也，反之則生亂氣相淫病焉。故刺不知四時之經，病之所生，以從為逆，正氣內亂，與精相薄，必審九候，正氣不亂，精氣不轉。 |
| | The Emperor asked: If one goes against the four seasons and generates disordered qi, what should be done? Qibo said: Needling collateral vessels in spring causes blood and qi to overflow externally, resulting in deficiency of qi. Needling the muscles in spring causes blood and qi circulation to become reversed, leading to upward rushing qi. Needling tendons and bones in spring causes blood and qi to stagnate internally, resulting in abdominal distension. Needling meridians in summer exhausts the blood and qi, causing weakness and fatigue. Needling muscles in summer causes blood and qi to retreat internally, leading a person to be easily frightened. Needling tendons and bones during summer causes the blood and qi to rise upward in reversal, making one prone to anger. Needling meridians during autumn causes the blood and qi to move upward in reversal, leading a person to forgetfulness. Needling collateral vessels during autumn prevents qi from moving outward, causing one to lie down and not wish to move. Needling tendons and bones in autumn causes the blood and qi to disperse internally, resulting in chills and shivering. Needling meridians during winter causes the blood and qi both to deplete, resulting in poor eyesight. Needling collateral vessels during winter causes internal qi to leak outward, remaining as a severe bi syndrome. Needling muscles in winter exhausts yang qi completely, leading to forgetfulness. All these acupuncture practices that go against the four seasons are major violations, and must not be followed. If done in reverse, they generate disordered qi and lead to various diseases. Therefore, acupuncture without knowledge of the four seasons' meridians and the origin of diseases turns proper treatment into counteraction. This causes internal disorder in the normal qi, which conflicts with the essence qi. One must carefully examine the nine pulses; only then will the normal qi remain orderly and the essence qi not become disrupted.
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帝曰：善。刺五藏，中心一日死，其動為噫。中肝五日死，其動為語。中肺三日死，其動為欬。中腎六日死，其動為嚏欠。中脾十日死，其動為吞。刺傷人五藏必死，其動，則依其藏之所變候知其死也。 |
| | The Emperor said: Well said. Needling the five zang organs—if the heart is pierced, death occurs within one day; its movement causes hiccuping. If the liver is pierced, death occurs in five days; its movement results in talking or muttering. If the lung is pierced, death occurs in three days; its movement causes coughing. If the kidney is pierced, death occurs in six days; its movement produces sneezing and yawning. If the spleen is pierced, death occurs in ten days; its movement causes swallowing. Injuring any of the five zang organs through acupuncture will certainly result in death. The symptoms that appear depend on which organ is affected, and by observing these changes, one can determine the time of death.
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