| | 祭義: |
曾子曰：「身也者，父母之遺體也。行父母之遺體，敢不敬乎？居處不莊，非孝也；事君不忠，非孝也；蒞官不敬，非孝也；朋友不信，非孝也；戰陳無勇，非孝也；五者不遂，災及於親，敢不敬乎？ |
| Ji Yi: |
Zeng-zi said, 'The body is that which has been transmitted to us by our parents; dare any one allow himself to be irreverent in the employment of their legacy? If a man in his own house and privacy be not grave, he is not filial; if in serving his ruler, he be not loyal, he is not filial; if in discharging the duties of office, he be not reverent, he is not filial; if with friends he be not sincere, he is not filial; if on the field of battle he be not brave, he is not filial. If he fail in these five things, the evil (of the disgrace) will reach his parents; dare he but reverently attend to them?' |
| | |
亨孰膻薌，嘗而薦之，非孝也，養也。君子之所謂孝也者，國人稱愿然曰：『幸哉有子！』如此，所謂孝也已。眾之本教曰孝，其行曰養。養，可能也，敬為難；敬，可能也，安為難；安，可能也，卒為難。父母既沒，慎行其身，不遺父母惡名，可謂能終矣。仁者，仁此者也；禮者，履此者也；義者，宜此者也；信者，信此者也；強者，強此者也。樂自順此生，刑自反此作。」 |
| |
To prepare the fragrant flesh and grain which he has cooked, tasting and then presenting them before his parents, is not filial piety; it is only nourishing them. He whom the superior man pronounces filial is he whom (all) the people of (his) state praise, saying with admiration, 'Happy are the parents who have such a son as this!' - that indeed is what can be called being filial. The fundamental lesson for all is filial piety. The practice of it is seen in the support (of parents). One may be able to support them; the difficulty is in doing so with the proper reverence. One may attain to that reverence; the difficulty is to do so without self-constraint. That freedom from constraint may be realised; the difficulty is to maintain it to the end. When his parents are dead, and the son carefully watches over his actions, so that a bad name, (involving) his parents, shall not be handed down, he may be said to be able to maintain his piety to the end. True love is the love of this; true propriety is the doing of this; true righteousness is the rightness of this; true sincerity is being sincere in this; true strength is being strong in this joy springs from conformity to this; punishments spring from the violation of this. |
