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《禮記 - Liji》 | [Warring States (475 BC - 221 BC)] English translation: James Legge [?] | Books referencing 《禮記》 Library Resources Source Related resources |
《曲禮上 - Qu Li I》 | Books referencing 《曲禮上》 Library Resources |
| 27 | 曲禮上: | 凡與客入者，每門讓於客。客至於寢門，則主人請入為席，然後出迎客。客固辭，主人肅客而入。主人入門而右，客入門而左。主人就東階，客就西階，客若降等，則就主人之階。主人固辭，然後客復就西階。主人與客讓登，主人先登，客從之，拾級聚足，連步以上。上於東階則先右足，上於西階則先左足。 |
| Qu Li I: | Whenever (a host has received and) is entering with a guest, at every door he should give place to him. When the guest arrives at the innermost door (or that leading to the feast-room), the host will ask to be allowed to enter first and arrange the mats. Having done this, he will come out to receive the guest, who will refuse firmly (to enter first). The host having made a low bow to him, they will enter (together). When they have entered the door, the host moves to the right, and the guest to the left, the former going to the steps on the east, and the latter to those on the west. If the guest be of the lower rank, he goes to the steps of the host (as if to follow him up them). The host firmly declines this, and he returns to the other steps on the west. They then offer to each other the precedence in going up, but the host commences first, followed (immediately) by the other. They bring their feet together on every step, thus ascending by successive paces. He who ascends by the steps on the cast should move his right foot first, and the other at the western steps his left foot. |
《檀弓上 - Tan Gong I》 | Books referencing 《檀弓上》 Library Resources |
| 111 | 檀弓上: | 天子之棺四重；水兕革棺被之，其厚三寸，杝棺一，梓棺二，四者皆周。棺束縮二衡三，衽每束一。伯槨以端長六尺。 |
| Tan Gong I: | The coffin of the son of Heaven is fourfold. The hides of a water-buffalo and a rhinoceros, overlapping each other, (form the first), three inches in thickness. Then there is a coffin of yi wood, and there are two of the Rottlera. The four are all complete enclosures. The bands for the (composite) coffin are (five); two straight, and three cross; with a double wedge under each band (where it is on the edge). The shell is of cypress wood, in pieces six cubits long, from the trunk near the root. |
《檀弓下 - Tan Gong II》 | Books referencing 《檀弓下》 Library Resources |
| 180 | 檀弓下: | 工尹商陽與陳棄疾追吳師，及之。陳棄疾謂工尹商陽曰：「王事也，子手弓而可。」手弓。「子射諸。」射之，斃一人，韔弓。又及，謂之，又斃二人。每斃一人，掩其目。止其御曰：「朝不坐，燕不與，殺三人，亦足以反命矣。」孔子曰：「殺人之中，又有禮焉。」 |
| Tan Gong II: | Shang Yang, director of Works (in Chu), and Chen Qi-ji were pursuing the army of Wu, and came up with it. The latter said to Shang Yang, 'It is the king's' business. It will be well for you to take your bow in hand.' He did so, and Qi-ji told him to shoot, which he did, killing a man, and returning immediately the bow to its case. They came up with the enemy again, and being told as before to shoot, he killed other two men; whenever he killed a man, he covered his eyes. Then stopping the chariot, he said, 'I have no place at the audiences; nor do I take part in the feasts. The death of three men will be sufficient for me to report.' Confucius said, 'Amidst his killing of men, he was still observant of the rules of propriety.' |
《曾子問 - Zengzi Wen》 | English translation: James Legge [?] | Books referencing 《曾子問》 Library Resources |
| 20 | 曾子問: | 曾子問曰：「古者師行，無遷主，則何主？」 |
| Zengzi Wen: | Zeng-zi asked, 'Anciently, when they marched on an expedition, and carried no displaced tablets with them, what did they make their chief consideration?' | |
| 孔子曰：「主命。」 | ||
| Confucius said, 'They made the instructions from the tablet their chief consideration.' | ||
| 問曰：「何謂也？」 | ||
| 'What does that mean?' asked the other. | ||
| 孔子曰：「天子、諸侯將出，必以幣帛皮圭告于祖禰，遂奉以出，載于齊車以行。每舍，奠焉而後就舍。反必告，設奠卒，斂幣玉，藏諸兩階之間，乃出。蓋貴命也。」 | ||
| Confucius said, 'When the son of Heaven or the prince of a state was about to go forth, he would, with gifts of silk, skins, and jade-tokens, announce his purpose at the shrines of his grandfather and father. He then took those gifts with him, conveying them on the march in the carriage of Reverence. At every stage (of the march), he would place offerings of food by them, and afterwards occupy the station. On returning, they would make announcement (at the same shrines), and when they had set forth (again) their offerings, they would collect the silk and jade, and bury them between the steps (leading) up to the fane of the high ancestor; after which they left the temple. This was how they made the instructions they received their chief consideration.' |
《內則 - Nei Ze》 | English translation: James Legge [?] | Books referencing 《內則》 Library Resources |
| 22 | 內則: | 舅沒則姑老，冢婦所祭祀、賓客，每事必請於姑，介婦請於冢婦。舅姑使冢婦，毋怠，不友無禮於介婦。舅姑若使介婦，毋敢敵耦於冢婦，不敢并行，不敢并命，不敢并坐。 |
| Nei Ze: | When her father-in-law is dead, her mother-in-law takes the place of the old lady; but the wife of the eldest son, on all occasions of sacrificing and receiving guests. must ask her directions in everything, while the other sons' wives must ask directions from her. When her parents-in-law employ the eldest son's wife, she should not be dilatory, unfriendly, or unpolite to the wives of his brothers (for their not helping her). When the parents-in-law employ any of them, they should not presume to consider themselves on an equality with the other; walking side by side with her, or giving their orders in the same way, or sitting in the same position as she. | |
| 52 | 內則: | 搗珍：取牛羊麋鹿麇之肉必脄，每物與牛若一捶，反側之，去其餌，熟出之，去其餌，柔其肉。 |
| Nei Ze: | For the Pounded Delicacy, they took the flesh of ox, sheep, elk, deer and muntjac, a part of that which lay along the spine, the same in quantity of each, and beat it now as it lay flat, and then turning it on its side; after that they extracted all the nerves. (Next), when it was sufficiently cooked, they brought it (from the pan), took away the outside crust, and softened the meat (by the addition of pickle and vinegar). |
《祭統 - Ji Tong》 | English translation: James Legge [?] | Books referencing 《祭統》 Library Resources |
| 12 | 祭統: | 凡餕之道，每變以眾，所以別貴賤之等，而興施惠之象也。是故以四簋黍見其修於廟中也。廟中者竟內之象也。祭者澤之大者也。是故上有大澤則惠必及下，顧上先下後耳。非上積重而下有凍餒之民也。是故上有大澤，則民夫人待于下流，知惠之必將至也，由餕見之矣。故曰：「可以觀政矣。」 |
| Ji Tong: | Every change in the disposal of these relics was marked by an increase in the number (of those who partook of them); and thus there was marked the distinction between the degrees of the noble and the mean, and a representation given of the dispensation of benefits (by the sovereign). Hence by means of the four vessels of millet there is shown the cultivation of this in the ancestral temple, which becomes thereby a representation of all comprised within the confines (of the state). What is done at sacrifices afforded the greatest example of the dispensation of favours. Hence when the superior possessed the greatest blessing, acts of favour were sure to descend from him to those below him, the only difference being that he enjoyed the blessing first, and those below him afterwards;--there was no such thing as the superior's accumulating a great amount for himself, while the people below him might be suffering from cold and want. Therefore when the superior enjoyed his great blessing, even private individuals waited till the stream should flow down, knowing that his favours would surely come to them. This was shown by what was done with the relics at sacrifices, and hence came the saying that 'By the dealing with these was seen (the method of) government.' |
《坊記 - Fang Ji》 | English translation: James Legge [?] | Books referencing 《坊記》 Library Resources |
| 28 | 坊記: | 子云：「賓禮每進以讓，喪禮每加以遠。」浴於中溜，飯於牖下，小斂於戶內，大斂於阼，殯於客位，祖於庭，葬於墓，所以示遠也。殷人吊於壙，周人吊於家，示民不偝也。 |
| Fang Ji: | The Master said, 'The giving place to a visitor at every stage of his advancing (from the entrance gate), according to the rules for visitors; and the repetition of the ceremonies, according to the mourning rites, in an ever-increasing distance from the apartment of the corpse; the washing of the corpse over the pit in the centre of the open court; the putting the rice into the mouth under the window; the slighter dressing of the corpse inside the door of the apartment; the greater dressing at the top of the steps on the east; the coffining in the place for guests; the sacrifice on taking the road (with the coffin) in the courtyard; and the interment in the grave - these were intended to teach the people how the element of distance enters into the usages. Under the Yin dynasty they condoled with the mourners at the grave; they do so under Zhou in the house - showing the people that they should not neglect the custom.' |
《服問 - Fu Wen》 | English translation: James Legge [?] | Books referencing 《服問》 Library Resources |
| 4 | 服問: | 既練，遇麻斷本者，於免，絰之；既免，去絰。每可以絰必絰；既絰，則去之。 |
| Fu Wen: | After the sacrifice at the end of a year, if there occurred an occasion for using the hempen sash with the roots cut off, (the mourner) put on the proper band along with the higher cincture. When the cincture was no longer worn, he put off the band. When it was proper to use the band, the rule was to wear it; and when the occasion for it was over, it was put off. |
| Total 9 paragraphs. Page 1 of 1. |
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