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六曰── |
| | Sixth day──
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凡農之道，厚之為寶：斬木不時，不折必穗；稼就而不穫，必遇天菑。夫稼為之者人也，生之者地也，養之者天也。是以人稼之容足，耨之容耨，據之容手。此之謂耕道。 |
| | The way of farming holds thickness as a treasure: cutting trees at improper times, they will either not break or produce ears [of grain]; If crops mature but are not harvested, they will inevitably encounter calamities from heaven. The one who cultivates the crops is man; the one who brings them to life is the earth; the one who nurtures them is Heaven. Therefore, for human cultivation of crops, there must be enough space for a foot to stand, for the hoes to pass through, and for hands to grasp. This is called the principle of plowing.
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是以得時之禾，長秱長穗，大本而莖殺，疏穖而穗大；其粟圓而薄糠；其米多沃而食之彊；如此者不風。先時者，莖葉帶芒以短衡，穗鉅而芳奪，秮米而不香。後時者，莖葉帶芒而末衡，穗閱而青零，多秕而不滿。 |
| | Therefore, the grain that obtains proper timing grows with long stalks and long ears, having strong roots but slender stems, sparse leaves yet large ears; its grains are round and have thin husks; its rice is rich in nourishment and when eaten, strengthens the body; Such crops will not be affected by wind damage. Those harvested too early have stems and leaves with bristly edges and short, unbalanced stalks; their ears are large but the fragrance is overpowering, the grains are full but lack aroma. Those harvested too late have stems and leaves with bristles and unbalanced ends; their ears are sparse with green, scattered grains, containing many empty seeds that are not full.
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得時之黍，芒莖而徼下，穗芒以長，摶米而薄糠，舂之易，而食之不噮而香；如此者不飴。先時者，大本而華，莖殺而不遂，葉槁短穗。後時者，小莖而麻長，短穗而厚糠，小米鉗而不香。 |
| | The millet harvested at the proper time has bristly stems and a narrow base, long ears with bristles, plump grains with thin husks. It is easy to pound, and when eaten, it does not cause discomfort but is fragrant; Such crops will not become sticky or cloying. Those harvested too early have strong roots and flowers, slender stems that do not grow well, and dry leaves with short ears. Those harvested too late have thin stems and coarse length, short ears with thick husks, small grains that are hard and lack fragrance.
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得時之稻，大本而莖葆，長秱疏穖，穗如馬尾，大粒無芒，摶米而薄糠，舂之易而食之香；如此者不益。先時者，本大而莖葉格對，短秱短穗，多秕厚糠，薄米多芒。後時者，纖莖而不滋，厚糠多秕，辟米，不得待定熟，卬天而死。 |
| | The rice harvested at the proper time has strong roots and sturdy stems, long stalks with sparse leaves, ears resembling horse tails, large grains without bristles, plump seeds with thin husks. It is easily pounded and when eaten, it is fragrant; Such crops will not spoil or deteriorate. Those harvested too early have large roots but stems and leaves that are uneven or misaligned, short stalks and short ears, many empty grains with thick husks, thin rice grains and numerous bristles. Those harvested too late have slender stems that do not thrive, thick husks and many empty grains; the rice is coarse and cannot wait for full maturity, but withers upward and dies.
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得時之麻，必芒以長，疏節而色陽，小本而莖堅，厚枲以均，後熟多榮，日夜分復生；如此者不蝗。 |
| | The hemp harvested at the proper time will have long, bristly stalks, sparse joints with a bright color, small roots but sturdy stems, thick fibers evenly distributed. It matures later and produces abundant growth, regenerating again on the day of the equinox; Such crops will not be afflicted by locusts.
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得時之菽，長莖而短足，其莢二七以為族，多枝數節，競葉蕃實，大菽則圓，小菽則摶以芳，稱之重，食之息以香；如此者不蟲。先時者，必長以蔓，浮葉疏節，小莢不實。後時者，短莖疏節，本虛不實。 |
| | The beans harvested at the proper time have long stems and short roots; their pods grow in clusters of fourteen, with many branches and several joints. The leaves are lush and the fruits abundant. Large beans are round, small ones plump and fragrant. When weighed, they feel heavy; when eaten, they are nourishing and fragrant; Such crops will not be infested by insects. Those harvested too early will certainly grow long and vine-like, with floating leaves and sparse joints, producing small pods that are not full. Those harvested too late have short stems and sparse joints, their roots weak and the plants unproductive.
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得時之麥，秱長而頸黑，二七以為行，而服，薄䅵而赤色，稱之重，食之致香以息，使人肌澤且有力；如此者不蚼蛆。先時者，暑雨未至胕動，蚼蛆而多疾，其次羊以節。後時者，弱苗而穗蒼狼，薄色而美芒。 |
| | The wheat harvested at the proper time has long stalks and black necks, growing in rows of fourteen, evenly spaced. Its glumes are thin with a reddish color; when weighed, it feels heavy, and when eaten, it produces fragrance and nourishment, making one's skin smooth and strong; Such crops will not be plagued by maggots or grubs. Those harvested too early, before the summer rains arrive and the plants have not fully matured, are prone to maggots and diseases; their nodes are weak and uneven. Those harvested too late have weak seedlings and ears that appear ragged, with pale color and bristly edges.
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是故得時之稼興，失時之稼約。莖相若稱之，得時者重，粟之多。量粟相若而舂之，得時者多米。量米相若而食之，得時者忍饑。是故得時之稼，其臭香，其味甘，其氣章，百日食之，耳目聰明，心意叡智，四衛變彊，𣧑氣不入，身無苛殃。黃帝曰：「四時之不正也，正五穀而已矣。」 |
| | Therefore, crops harvested at the proper time thrive, while those harvested at improper times are meager. If the stems appear similar in size and are weighed, those harvested at the proper time feel heavier and produce more grain. If the amount of grain is similar and pounded, that which was harvested at the proper time yields more rice. If the quantity of rice is similar and consumed, that which was harvested at the appropriate time can better withstand hunger. Therefore, crops harvested at the right time have a fragrant aroma, sweet taste, and clear vital energy. If consumed for a hundred days, one's hearing and vision become sharp, the mind becomes wise and discerning, the four limbs grow strong, harmful qi cannot enter, and the body remains free from ailments. The Yellow Emperor said: "To correct only the five grains is to rectify the four seasons."
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