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Scope: The Scholars Request type: Paragraph
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儒林外史 - The Scholars

[Qing] 1750 Library Resources

說楔子敷陳大義 借名流隱括全文 - In which an introductory story of a good scholar points the moral of the book

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6 說楔子敷... :
彈指又過了三四年。王冕看書,心下也著實明白了。那日,正是黃梅時候,天氣煩躁。王冕放牛倦了,在綠草地上坐著。須臾,濃雲密布,一陣大雨過了。那黑雲邊上鑲著白雲,漸漸散去,透出一派日光來,照耀得滿湖通紅。湖邊上山,一塊,紫一塊,綠一塊。樹枝上都像水洗過一番的,尤其綠得可愛。湖裏有十來枝荷花,苞子上清水滴滴,荷葉上水珠滾來滾去。王冕看了一回,心裏想道:「古人說:『人在畫圖中』,其實不錯。可惜我這裏沒有一個畫工,把這荷花畫他幾枝,也覺有趣。」又心裏想道:「天下那有個學不會的事,我何不自畫他幾枝。」
In which an introductory...:
So three or four years quickly passed. Wang Mian studied and began to see things clearly. One sultry day in early summer, tired after leading the buffalo to graze, he sat down on the grass. Suddenly dense clouds gathered, and there was a heavy shower of rain. Then the black storm clouds fringed with fleecy white drifted apart, and the sun shone through, bathing the whole lake in crimson light. The hills by the lake were blue, violet and emerald. The trees, freshly washed by the rain, were a lovelier green than ever. Crystal drops were dripping from a dozen lotus buds in the lake, while beads of water rolled about the leaves.
As Wang Mian watched, he thought, 「The ancients said, 'In a beautiful scene a man feels he is part of a picture.' How true! What a pity there is no painter here to paint these sprays of lotus. That would be good.」 Then he reflected, 「There's nothing a man can't learn. Why shouldn't I paint them myself?」

11 說楔子敷... :
一日,正和秦老坐著,只見外邊走進一個人來,頭帶瓦楞帽,身穿布衣服。秦老迎接,敘禮坐下。這人姓翟,是諸暨縣一個頭役,又是買辦。因秦老的兒子秦大漢拜在他名下,叫他乾爺,所以常時下鄉來看親家。秦老慌忙叫兒子烹茶,殺雞、煮肉款留他;就要王冕相陪。彼此道過姓名。那翟買辦道:「只位王相公,可就是會畫沒骨花的麼?」秦老道:「便是了。親家,你怎得知道?」翟買辦道:「縣裏人那個不曉得。因前日本縣老爺吩咐:要畫二十四副花卉冊頁送上司,此事交在我身上。我聞有王相公的大名,故此一徑來尋親家。今日有緣,遇著王相公,是必費心大筆畫一畫。在下半個月後,下鄉來取。老爺少不得還有幾兩潤筆的銀子,一併送來。」秦老在傍,著實攛掇。王冕屈不過秦老的情,只得應諾了。回家用心用意,畫了二十四副花卉,都題了詩在上面。翟頭役稟過了本官,那知縣時仁,發出二十四兩銀子來。翟買辦扣剋了十二兩,只拿十二兩銀子送與王冕,將冊頁取去。時知縣又辦了幾樣禮物,送與危素,作候問之禮。
In which an introductory...:
One day Wang Mian was sitting in Old Qin's cottage when a man wearing a bailiff's cap and blue cloth gown came in. Old Qin welcomed him, and after an exchange of courtesies they sat down. This newcomer's name was Zhai. He was a county runner and also a bailiff, but since Old Qin's son was his godchild he often came to the village to visit their family. Old Qin hastily called his son to make tea, kill a chicken and cook some meat to entertain the bailiff, and asked Wang Mian to accompany them.
When Bailiff Zhai heard Wang Mian's name, he asked, 「Is this Mr. Wang the flower painter?」
「Yes,」 said Old Qin. 「How did you get to know of him?」
「Is there anyone in the county who doesn't know him?」 retorted the bailiff. 「The other day the county magistrate commissioned me to get twenty-four paintings of flowers to send to a superior. Knowing Mr. Wang's great reputation, I've come straight here; and now I'm lucky enough to meet Mr. Wang himself.」 Then he turned to Wang Mian and said: 「I must trouble you to do some paintings. In two weeks I shall come to fetch them, bringing the payment from Magistrate Shi.」
Old Qin pressed Wang Mian to consent and, to please the old man, he agreed.
He went home and took infinite pains to paint twenty-four pictures of flowers, each with a poem appended. Bailiff Zhai reported his meeting with Wang Mian to the magistrate, who gave him twenty-four taels of silver. Of this sum Zhai appropriated half, giving twelve taels only to Wang Mian. He took the flower album away with him, and then the magistrate sent it with some other presents to Mr. Wei.

22 說楔子敷... :
說話之間,知縣轎子已到。翟買辦跪在轎前稟道:「小的傳王冕,不在家裏,請老爺龍駕到公館裏略坐一坐,小的再去傳。」扶著轎子,過王冕屋後來。屋後橫七豎八,幾稜窄田埂,遠遠的一面大塘,塘邊都栽滿了榆樹、桑樹。塘邊那一望無際的幾頃田地,又有一座山,雖不甚大,卻蔥樹木,堆滿山上。約有一里多路,彼此叫呼,還聽得見。知縣正走著,遠遠的有個牧童,倒騎水牯牛,從山嘴邊轉了過來。
In which an introductory...:
During this conversation the magistrate's chair had come up. Bailiff Zhai knelt before the chair and said, 「I asked for Wang Mian and found he is not at home. Won't Your Honour go to the local office to rest for a little, while I make further inquiries?」 Then he escorted the chair past the back of Wang Mian's cottage.
Behind the cottage were a few strips of arable land and a big lake, its banks thickly grown with elms and mulberry trees. Then more fields could be seen, stretching to the horizon. There was a hill too, covered with fresh green trees, only a few hundred yards away. If you shouted, your voice would carry there. And round the foot of this hill, as the magistrate's chair advanced, came a little cowherd riding back to front on a water buffalo.

王孝廉村學識同科 周蒙師暮年登上第 - Provincial Graduate Wang meets a fellow candidate in a village school. Zhou Meng passes the examination in his old age

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3 王孝廉村... :
荀老爹先開口道:「今年龍燈上廟,我們戶下各家,須出多少銀子?」申祥甫道:「且住,等我親家來一同商議。」正說著,外邊走進一個人來,兩隻紅眼邊,一副鍋鐵臉,幾根黃鬍子,歪戴著瓦楞帽,身上布衣服就如油簍一般;手裏拿著一根趕驢的鞭子,走進門來,和眾人拱一拱手,一屁股就坐在上席。這人姓夏,乃薛家集上舊年新參的總甲。
Provincial Graduate Wang meets...:
Old Mr. Xun was the first to speak.
「How much do we each have to pay for the lantern dance in the temple this year?」 he asked.
「Wait till my relative comes,」 said Shen. 「We'll discuss it together.」
As they were speaking, a man walked in. He had redrimmed eyes, a swarthy face, and sparse, dingy whiskers. His cap was cocked to one side, his blue cloth gown was greasy as an oil-vat, and he carried a donkey switch in one hand. Making a casual gesture of greeting to the company, he plumped himself down in the seat of honour. This was Xia, the new village head for Xue Market.

25 王孝廉村... :
須臾,和尚獻上茶來喫了。周進道:「老先生的硃卷是晚生熟讀過的。後面兩大股文章,尤其精妙。」王舉人道:「那兩股文章不是俺作的。」周進道:「老先生又過謙了。卻是誰作的呢?」王舉人道:「雖不是我作的,卻也不是人作的。那時頭場,初九日,天色將晚,第一篇文章還不曾做完,自己心裏疑惑,說:『我平日筆下最快,今日如何遲了?』正想不出來,不覺磕睡上來,伏著號板打一個盹。只見五個臉的人跳進號來,中間一人,手裏拿著一枝大筆,把俺頭上點了一點,就跳出去了。隨即一個戴紗帽、紅袍金帶的人,揭簾子進來,把俺拍了一下,說道:『王公請起。』那時弟嚇了一跳,通身冷汗,醒轉來,拿筆在手,不知不覺寫了出來。可見貢院裏鬼神是有的。弟也曾把這話回稟過大主考座師,座師就道弟該有鼎元之分。」
Provincial Graduate Wang meets...:
Presently the monk brought in tea, and when they had drunk it Zhou Jin said, 「I read your examination essay over and over again, sir. The last two paragraphs were particularly fine.」
「Those two paragraphs were not by me.」
「You are too modest, sir. Who else could have written them?」
「Although not by me, they were not by anybody else either,」 said the scholar. 「It was the first day of the examination, on the ninth, getting on for dusk; but I had still not finished the first essay, and I said to myself, 'Usually I write very quickly. What makes me so slow today?' As I was racking my brains, I dozed off on the desk. Then I saw five greenfaced men leaping into the cell. One of them made a mark on my head with a big brush which he had in his hand, then darted away. Then a man in a gauze cap, red robe and golden belt came in, who shook me and said, 'Mr. Wang, please get up!' I woke up, trembling, bathed in icy sweat, and taking the pen into my hand began to write without knowing what I was doing. From this one can see that there are spirits in the examination school. When I made this statement to the chief examiner, he said that I ought to pass the very highest examination.」

周學道校士拔真才 胡屠戶行兇鬧捷報 - Examiner Zhou picks out true talent. Butcher Hu cuts up rough after good news

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41 周學道校... :
自此以後,果然有許多人來奉承他:有送田產的;有人送店房的;還有那些破落戶,兩口子來投身為僕,圖蔭庇的。到兩三個月,范進家奴僕、丫鬟都有了,錢、米是不消說了。張鄉紳家又來催著搬家。搬到新房子裏,唱戲、擺酒、請客,一連三日。到第四日上,老太太起來喫過點心,走到第三進房子內,見范進的娘子胡氏,家常戴著銀絲䯼髻;此時是十月中旬,天氣尚暖,穿著天緞套,官綠的緞裙;督率著家人、媳婦、丫鬟,洗碗盞杯箸。
Examiner Zhou picks out...:
True enough, many people came to Fan Jin after that and made him presents of land and shops; while some poor couples came to serve him in return for his protection. In two or three months he had menservants and maidservants, to say nothing of money and rice. When Mr. Zhang came again to urge him, he moved into the new house; and for three days he entertained guests with feasts and operas. On the morning of the fourth day, after Fan Jin's mother had got up and had breakfast, she went to the rooms in the back courtyard. There she found Fan Jin's wife with a silver pin in her hair. Although this was the middle of the tenth month, it was still warm and she was wearing a sky-blue silk tunic and a green silk skirt. She was supervising the maids as they washed bowls, cups, plates and chopsticks.

薦亡齋和尚喫官司 打秋風鄉紳遭橫事 - In which a monk invited to say masses is involved in a lawsuit, and a country gentleman out to raise money runs into trouble

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6 薦亡齋和... :
正喫得興頭,聽得外面敲門甚兇,何美之道:「是誰?」和尚道:「美之,你去看一看。」何美之纔開了門,七八個人一齊擁了進來。看見女人、和尚一桌子坐著,齊說道:「好快活,和尚、婦人,大天白日調情!好僧官老爺!知法犯法!」何美之喝道:「休胡說!這是我田主人!」眾人一頓罵道:「田主人?連你婆子都有主兒了!」不由分說,拿條草繩,把和尚精赤條條,同婦人一繩綑了,將個槓子,穿心抬著,連何美之也帶了。來到南海縣前一個關帝廟前戲臺底下,和尚同婦人拴做一處。候知縣出堂報狀。眾人押著何美之出去,和尚悄悄叫他報與范府。
In which a monk...:
They were enjoying their meal when they heard a violent knocking on the gate.
「Who is it?」 called He Mei-zhi.
「Go and have a look, Mei-zhi,」 said the abbot.
But no sooner had He opened the gate when seven or eight men rushed in. At the sight of the woman and the abbot drinking together at one table, they shouted, 「Having a good time, aren't you? A monk carrying on with a woman in broad daylight! A fine abbot you are—knowing the law but breaking it.」
「Stow that nonsense!」 cried He Mei-zhi. 「This is my landlord.」
Then they all swore at him. 「Your landlord, eh? Does he have the run of your wife as well as your land?」
Without listening to the others' protests, they took a hempen rope and tied up the abbot, half-naked as he was, with the woman. Then they haled them off, together with He Mei-zhi, to Nanhai County Court. There, the abbot and the woman, still tied together, were pushed up to a stage in front of a temple to wait for the magistrate, while Ho was thrown out. The abbot, however, had asked him in a whisper to go to Mr. Fan's house to report what had happened.

20 薦亡齋和... :
去了一時,只聽得吩咐道:「且放在那裏。」回來又入席坐下,說了失陪;向張靜齋道:「張世兄,你是做過官的,這件事正該商之於你,就是斷牛肉的話。方纔有幾個教親,共備了五十斤牛肉,請出一位老師夫來求我,說是要斷盡了,他們就沒有飯喫,求我略鬆寬些,叫做『瞞上不瞞下』,送五十斤牛肉在這裏與我。卻是受得受不得?」張靜齋道:「老世叔,這句話斷斷使不得的了。你我做官的人,只知有皇上,那知有教親?想起洪武年間,劉老先生……」湯知縣道:「那個劉老先生?」靜齋道:「諱基的了。他是洪武三年開科的進士,『天下有道』三句中的第五名。」范進插口道:「想是第三名?」靜齋道:「是第五名。那墨卷是弟讀過的。後來入了翰林。洪武私行到他家,就如『雪夜訪普』的一般。恰好江南張王送了他一罈小菜,當面打開看,都是些瓜子金。洪武聖上惱了,說道:『他以為天下事都靠著你們書生!』到第二日,把劉老先生貶為田縣知縣,又用毒藥擺死了。這個如何了得!」
In which a monk...:
Just then an attendant whispered something into the magistrate's ear, at which he got up and excused himself, saying he would be back presently. In a few minutes they heard him give the order, 「Put it there!」 Then he came in and sat down again at the table, apologizing for his absence.
「Mr. Zhang, you have held official posts,」 said Magistrate Tang. 「I would like your opinion on this. It's in connection with the prohibition of the sale of beef. Just now several Moslems got an old man to bring me fifty catties of beef and to plead with me saying that if I stop the sale of beef they will be forced out of business; and begging me to be more lenient. They want me, in fact, to shut my eyes to an illegal transaction. And they have sent this beef here. Should I accept it or not?」
「I should say certainly not, sir,」 replied Zhang. 「We officials owe allegiance only to the emperor, not to friends of the same faith. This reminds me of Mr. Liu in the reign of Hong Wu.」
「Which Mr. Liu?」 asked the magistrate.
「Liu Chi. He passed the palace examination in the third year of the reign, coming fifth on the list.」
「I thought he came third,」 put in Fan Jin.
「No,」 Zhang contradicted him. 「Fifth. I read his essay. Later he entered the Han Lin Academy. One day Emperor Hong Wu went to his house in disguise, just like the emperor in the old story who called on his friend one snowy night. But that same day Prince Zhang of Jiangnan sent Liu a pitcher of pickled vegetables, and Liu opened it in the emperor's presence only to find that it was full of gold. The emperor was very angry and said, 'He seems to think that scholars can control the state.' The next day he degraded Liu Chi to the post of magistrate of Qingtien, and had him poisoned. No, no, you can't accept the beef!」

王秀才議立偏房 嚴監生疾終正寢 - The Wang brothers deliberate how to make a concubine of the mistress of the house. Yan Ta-yu dies

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15 王秀才議... :
過了三日,王德、王仁,果然到嚴家來寫了幾十副帖子,遍請諸親六眷,擇個吉期。親眷都到齊了,只有隔壁大老爹家五個親姪子,一個也不到。眾人喫過早飯,先到王氏床面前寫立王氏遺囑。兩位舅爺王於據、王於依都畫了字。嚴監生戴著方巾,穿著衫,被了紅紬;趙氏穿著大紅,戴了赤金冠子,兩人雙拜了天地,又拜了祖宗。王於依廣有才學,又替他做了一篇告祖先的文,甚是懇切。告過祖宗,轉了下來,兩位舅爺叫丫鬟在房裏請出兩位舅奶奶來,夫妻四個,齊鋪鋪請妹丈、妹子轉在大邊,磕下頭去,以敘姊妹之禮。眾親眷都分了大小。便是管事的管家、家人、媳婦、丫鬟、使女,黑壓壓的幾十個人,都來磕了主人、主母的頭。趙氏又獨自走進房內拜王氏做姐姐,那時王氏已發昏去了。行禮已畢,大聽、二廳、書房、內堂屋官客並堂客,共擺了二十多桌酒席。
The Wang brothers deliberate...:
The next day, accordingly, Wang Ren and Wang De came to Mr. Yan's house and wrote scores of invitations to relatives from the various branches of the family. And all of them came, with the exception of Senior Licentiate Yan's five sons from next door. When the guests had breakfasted, they went to Mrs. Yan's bedside to witness her will, which her brothers drew up and signed. Meantime Mr. Yan put on a scholar's cap, a blue gown and red silk sash, while Concubine Zhao dressed herself in crimson and put a gold chaplet on her head. As they worshipped heaven and earth and the ancestors, Wang Ren drew on his vast erudition to write a most moving announcement of this marriage to the Yan ancestors. And having informed the ancestors, they left the shrine.
Then Wang Ren and Wang De sent for their wives, and kowtowed together to the new husband and wife. All the relatives congratulated them in order of seniority, after which the stewards, menservants and maidservants did reverence to their master and mistress. The new wife went in alone to bow before the dying mistress, calling her 「Elder Sister.」 But Mrs. Yan had already lost consciousness.
These ceremonies at an end, the guests crowded into the great hall, second hall, library and inner chambers to sit down to more than twenty tables.

范學道視學報師恩 王員外立朝敦友誼

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16 范學道視... :
次日清早,請了吏部掌案的金東崖來商議。金東崖道:「做官的人,匿喪的事是行不得的,只可說是能員,要留部在任守制,這個不妨。但須是大人們保舉,我們無從用力。若是發來部議,我自然效勞,是不消說了。」兩位重託了金東崖去。到晚,荀員外自換了衣小帽,悄悄去求周司業、范通政兩位老師,求個保舉。兩位都說:「可以酌量而行。」

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