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Scope: Shang Shu Request type: Paragraph
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尚書 - Shang Shu

[Spring and Autumn (772 BC - 476 BC)] English translation: James Legge [?]
Books referencing 《尚書》 Library Resources
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[Also known as: 《書》, 《書經》, "The Classic of History", "The Book of Documents"]

夏書 - Xia Shu

Books referencing 《夏書》 Library Resources

禹貢 - Tribute of Yu

English translation: James Legge [?]
Books referencing 《禹貢》 Library Resources
4 禹貢:
海岱惟青州。嵎夷既略,濰、淄其道。厥土白墳,海濱廣斥。厥田惟上下,厥賦中上。厥貢鹽絺,海惟錯。岱畎絲、枲、鉛、松、怪石。萊夷作牧。厥篚檿絲。浮于汶,達于濟。
Tribute of Yu:
The sea and (mount) Dai were the boundaries of Qing Zhou. (The territory of) Yu-yi was defined; and the Wei and Zi were made to keep their (old) channels. Its soil was whitish and rich. Along the shore of the sea were wide tracts of salt land. Its fields were the lowest of the first class, and its contribution of revenue the highest of the second. Its articles of tribute were salt, fine cloth of dolichos fibre, productions of the sea of various kinds; with silk, hemp, lead, pine trees, and strange stones, from the valleys of Dai. The wild people of Lai were taught tillage and pasturage, and brought in their baskets the silk from the mountain mulberry tree. They floated along the Wen, and so reached the Ji.

10 禹貢:
黑水、西河惟雍州。弱水既西,涇屬渭汭,漆沮既從,灃水攸同。荊、岐既旅,終南、惇,至于鳥鼠。原隰厎績,至于豬野。三危既宅,三苗丕敘。厥土惟黃壤,厥田惟上上,厥賦中下。厥貢惟球、琳、琅玕。浮于積石,至于龍門、西河,會于渭汭。織皮崐崘、析支、渠搜,西戎即敘。
Tribute of Yu:
The Black-water and western He were (the boundaries of) Yong Zhou. The Weak-water was conducted westwards. The Jing was led to mingle its waters with those of the Wei. The Qi and the Zhu were next led in a similar way (to the Wei), and the waters of the Feng found the same receptacle. (The mountains) Jing and Qi were sacrificed to. (Those of) Zhong-nan and Dun-we (were also regulated), and (all the way) on to Niao-shu. Successful measures could now be taken with the plains and swamps, even to (the marsh of) Zhu-ye. (The country of) San-wei was made habitable, and the (affairs of the) people of San-miao were greatly arranged. The soil of the province was yellow and mellow. Its fields were the highest of the highest class, and its contribution of revenue the lowest of the second. Its articles of tribute were the qiu jade and the lin, and (the stones called) lang-gan. Past Ji-shi they floated on to Long-men on the western He. They then met on the north of the Wei (with the tribute-bearers from other quarters) Hair-cloth and skins (were brought from) Kun-lun, Xi-zhi, and Ju-sou; the wild tribes of the West (all) coming to (submit to Yu's) arrangements.

周書 - Zhou Shu

English translation: James Legge [?] Library Resources

泰誓上 - Great Declaration I

Books referencing 《泰誓上》 Library Resources
1 泰誓上:
惟十有三年春,大會于孟津。王曰:「嗟!我友邦塚君越我御事庶士,明聽誓。
Great Declaration I:
In the spring of the thirteenth year there was a great assembly at Meng-jin. The king said, 'Ah! ye hereditary rulers of my friendly states, and all ye my officers, managers of my affairs, hearken clearly to my declaration.
惟天地萬父母,惟人萬之靈。但聰明,作元后,元后作民父母。今商王受,弗敬上天,降災下民。沈湎冒色,敢行暴虐,罪人以族,官人以世,惟宮室、台榭、陂池、侈服,以殘害于爾萬姓。焚炙忠良,刳剔孕婦。皇天震怒,命我文考,肅將天威,大勳未集。
'Heaven and earth is the parent of all creatures; and of all creatures man is the most highly endowed. The sincerely intelligent (among men) becomes the great sovereign; and the great sovereign is the parent of the people. But now, Shou, the king of Shang, does not reverence Heaven above, and inflicts calamities on the people below. Abandoned to drunkenness and reckless in lust, he has dared to exercise cruel oppression. He has extended the punishment of offenders to all their relatives. He has put men into offices on the hereditary principle. He has made it his pursuit to have palaces, towers, pavilions, embankments, ponds, and all other extravagances, to the most painful injury of you, the myriads of the people. He has burned and roasted the loyal and good. He has ripped up pregnant women. Great Heaven was moved with indignation, and charged my deceased father Wen to display its terrors; but (he died) before the work was completed.
肆予小子發,以爾友邦塚君,觀政于商。惟受罔有悛心,乃夷居,弗事上帝神祇,遺厥先宗廟弗祀。犧牲粢盛,既于凶盜。乃曰:『吾有民有命!』罔懲其侮。
'On this account, I, Fa, the little child, have by means of you, the hereditary rulers of my friendly states, contemplated the government of Shang; but Shou has no repentant heart. He sits squatting on his heels, not serving God nor the spirits of heaven and earth, neglecting also the temple of his ancestors, and not sacrificing in it. The victims and the vessels of millet all become the prey of wicked robbers, and still he says, "The people are mine; the (heavenly) appointment is mine," never trying to correct his contemptuous mind.
天佑下民,作之君,作之師,惟其克相上帝,寵綏四方。有罪無罪,予曷敢有越厥志?
'Heaven, for the help of the inferior people, made for them rulers, and made for them instructors, that they might be able to be aiding to God, and secure the tranquillity of the four quarters (of the kingdom). In regard to who are criminals and who are not, how dare I give any allowance to my own wishes?
同力,度德;同德,度義。受有臣億萬,惟億萬心;予有臣三千,惟一心。商罪貫盈,天命誅之。予弗順天,厥罪惟鈞。
'"Where the strength is the same, measure the virtue of the parties; where the virtue is the same, measure their righteousness." Shou has hundreds of thousands and myriads of officers, but they have hundreds of thousands and myriads of minds; I have (but) three thousand officers, but they have one mind. The iniquity of Shang is full. Heaven gives command to destroy it. If I did not obey Heaven, my iniquity would be as great.
予小子夙夜祗懼,受命文考,類于上帝,宜于塚土,以爾有眾,厎天之罰。天矜于民,民之所欲,天必從之。爾尚弼予一人,永清四海,時哉弗可失!」
'I, the little child, early and late am filled with apprehensions. I have received the command of my deceased father Wen; I have offered special sacrifice to God; I have performed the due services to the great earth; and I lead the multitude of you to execute the punishment appointed by Heaven. Heaven compassionates the people. What the people desire, Heaven will be found to give effect to. Do you aid me, the One man, to cleanse for ever (all within) the four seas. Now is the time! It should not be lost.'

武成 - Successful Completion of the War

English translation: James Legge [?]
Books referencing 《武成》 Library Resources
2 武成:
王若曰:「嗚呼,群后!惟先王建邦啟土,公劉克篤前烈,至于大王肇基王跡,王季其勤王家。我文考文王克成厥勳,誕膺天命,以撫方夏。大邦畏其力,小邦懷其德。惟九年,大統未集,予小子其承厥志。
Successful Completion of the...:
The king spoke to the following effect: 'Oh! ye host of princes, the first of our kings founded his state, and commenced (the enlargement of) its territory. Gong Liu, was able to consolidate the services of his predecessor. But it was the king Tai who laid the foundations of the royal inheritance. The king Ji was diligent for the royal House; and my deceased father, king Wen, completed his merit, and grandly received the appointment of Heaven, to soothe the regions of our great land. The great states feared his strength; the small states thought fondly of his virtue. In nine years, however, the whole kingdom was not united under his rule, and it fell to me, the little child, to carry out his will.
厎商之罪,告于皇天、后土、所過名山、大川,曰:『惟有道曾孫周王發,將有大正于商。今商王受無道,暴殄天,害虐烝民,為天下逋逃主,萃淵藪。予小子既獲仁人,敢祗承上帝,以遏亂略。華夏蠻貊,罔不率俾。恭天成命,肆予東征,綏厥士女。惟其士女,篚厥玄黃,昭我周王。天休震動,用附我大邑周。惟爾有神,尚克相予以濟兆民,無作神羞!」
'Detesting the crimes of Shang, I announced to great Heaven and the sovereign Earth, to the famous hill I and the great river by which I passed, saying, "I, Fa, the principled, king of Zhou by a long descent, am about to administer a great correction to Shang. Shou, the present king of Shang, is without principle, cruel and destructive to the creatures of Heaven, injurious and tyrannical to the multitudes of the people, lord of all the vagabonds under heaven, who collect about him as fish in the deep, and beasts in the prairie. I, the little child, having obtained (the help of) virtuous men, presume reverently to comply with (the will of) God, and make an end of his disorderly ways. Our flowery, and great land, and the tribes of the south and north, equally follow and consent with me. Reverently obeying the determinate counsel of Heaven, I pursue my punitive work to the east, to give tranquillity to its men and women. They meet me with their baskets full of dark-coloured and yellow silks, thereby showing (the virtues) of us, the kings of Zhou. Heaven's favours stir them up, so that they come with their allegiance to our great state of Zhou. And now, ye spirits, grant me your aid, that I may relieve the millions of the people, and nothing turn out to your shame."'

旅獒 - Hounds of Lu

English translation: James Legge [?]
Books referencing 《旅獒》 Library Resources
2 旅獒:
曰:「嗚呼!明王慎德,四夷咸賓。無有遠邇,畢獻方,惟服食器用。王乃昭德之致于異姓之邦,無替厥服;分寶玉于伯叔之國,時庸展親。人不易,惟德其!德盛不狎侮。狎侮君子,罔以盡人心;狎侮小人,罔以盡其力。不役耳目,百度惟貞。玩人喪德,玩喪志。志以道寧,言以道接。不作無益害有益,功乃成;不貴異賤用,民乃足。犬馬非其土性不畜,珍禽奇獸不育于國,不寶遠,則遠人格;所寶惟賢,則邇人安。嗚呼!夙夜罔或不勤,不矜細行,終累大德。為山九仞,功虧一簣。允迪茲,生民保厥居,惟乃世王。」
Hounds of Lu:
He said, 'Oh! the intelligent kings paid careful attention to their virtue, and the wild tribes on every side acknowledged subjection to them. The nearer and the more remote all presented the productions of their countries, in robes, food, and vessels for use. The kings then displayed the things thus drawn forth by their virtue, (distributing them) to the (princes of the) states of different surnames from their own, (to encourage them) not to neglect their duties. The (more) precious things and pieces of jade they distributed among their uncles in charge of states, thereby increasing their attachment (to the throne). The recipients did not despise the things, but saw in them the power of virtue.
Complete virtue allows no contemptuous familiarity. When (a ruler) treats superior men with such familiarity, he cannot get them to give him all their hearts; when he so treats inferior men, he cannot get them to put forth for him all their strength. Let him keep from being in bondage to his ears and eyes, and strive to be correct in all his measures. By trifling intercourse with men, he ruins his virtue; by finding his amusement in things (of mere pleasure), he ruins his aims. His aims should repose in what is right; he should listen to words (also) in their relation to what is right.
When he does not do what is unprofitable to the injury of what is profitable, his merit can be completed. When he does not value strange things to the contemning things that are useful, his people will be able to supply (all that he needs). (Even) dogs and horses that are not native to his country he will not keep. Fine birds and strange animals be will not nourish in his state. When he does not look on foreign things as precious, foreigners will come to him; when it is real worth that is precious to him, (his own) people near at hand will be in a state of repose.
Oh! early and late never be but earnest. If you do not attend jealously to your small actions, the result will be to affect your virtue in great matters; in raising a mound of nine fathoms, the work may be unfinished for want of one basket (of earth). If you really pursue this course (which I indicate), the people will preserve their possessions, and the throne will descend from generation to generation.'

微子之命 - Charge to the Count of Wei

English translation: James Legge [?]
Books referencing 《微子之命》 Library Resources
1 微子之命:
王若曰:「猷!殷王元子。惟稽古,崇德象賢。統承先王,修其禮,作賓于王家,與國咸休,永世無窮。嗚呼!乃祖成湯克齊聖廣淵,皇天眷佑,誕受厥命。撫民以寬,除其邪虐,功加于時,德垂後裔。爾惟踐修厥猷,舊有令聞,恪慎克孝,肅恭神人。予嘉乃德,曰篤不忘。上帝時歆,下民祗協,庸建爾于上公,尹茲東夏。欽哉,往敷乃訓,慎乃服命,率由典常,以蕃王室。弘乃烈祖,律乃有民,永綏厥位,毗予一人。世世享德,萬邦作式,俾我有周無斁。嗚呼!往哉惟休,無替朕命。」
Charge to the Count...:
The king speaks to the following effect: 'Ho! eldest son of the king of Yin, examining into antiquity, (I find) that the honouring of the virtuous (belongs to their descendants) who resemble them in worth, and (I appoint) you to continue the line of the kings your ancestors, observing their ceremonies and taking care of their various relics. Come (also) as a guest to our royal House, and enjoy the prosperity of our kingdom, for ever and ever without end.
'Oh! your ancestor, Tang the Successful, was reverent and sage, (with a virtue) vast and deep. The favour and help of great Heaven lighted upon him, and he grandly received its appointment, to soothe the people by his gentleness, and remove the wicked oppressions from which they were suffering. His achievements affected his age, and his virtue was transmitted to his posterity. And you are the one who pursue and cultivate his plans; this praise has belonged to you for long. Reverently and carefully have you discharged your filial duties; gravely and respectfully you behave to spirits and to men. I admire your virtue, and pronounce it great and not to be forgotten. God will always enjoy your offerings; the people will be reverently harmonious (under your sway). I raise you therefore to the rank of high duke, to rule this eastern part of our great land.
'Be reverent. Go and diffuse abroad your instructions. Be carefully observant of your robes and (other accompaniments of) your appointment; follow and observe the proper statutes - so as to prove a bulwark to the royal House. Enlarge (the fame of) your meritorious ancestor; be a law to your people - so as for ever to preserve your dignity. (So also) shall you be a help to me, the One man; future ages will enjoy (the benefit of) your virtue; all the states will take you for a pattern; and thus you will make our dynasty of Zhou never weary of you.
Oh! go, and be prosperous. Do not disregard my charge.'

酒誥 - Announcement about Drunkenness

English translation: James Legge [?]
Books referencing 《酒誥》 Library Resources
2 酒誥:
文王誥教小子有正有事:無彝酒。越庶國:飲惟祀,德將無醉。惟曰我民迪小子惟土愛,厥心臧。聰聽祖考之遺訓,越小大德,小子惟一。
Announcement about Drunkenness:...:
'King Wen admonished and instructed the young nobles, who were charged with office or in any employment, that they should not ordinarily use spirits; and throughout all the states, he required that such should drink spirits only on occasion of sacrifices, and that then virtue should preside so that there might be no drunkenness. He said, 'Let my people teach their young men that they are to love only the productions of the soil, for so will their hearts be good. Let the young also hearken wisely to the constant instructions of their fathers; and let them look at all virtuous actions, whether great or small, in the same light (with watchful heed).

洛誥 - Announcement concerning Luo

English translation: James Legge [?]
Books referencing 《洛誥》 Library Resources
4 洛誥:
公曰:「已!汝惟沖子,惟終。汝其敬識百辟享,亦識其有不享。享多儀,儀不及,惟曰不享。惟不役志于享,凡民惟曰不享,惟事其爽侮。乃惟孺子頒,朕不暇聽。
Announcement concerning Luo:...:
The duke said, 'Yes, young as you are, be it yours to complete (the work of your predecessors). Cultivate (the spirit of) reverence, and you will know who among the princes (sincerely) present their offerings to you, and who do not. In connexion with those offerings there are many observances. If the observances are not equal to the articles, it must be held that there is no offering. When there is no service of the will in the offerings (of the princes), all the people will then say, "We need not (be troubled about) our offerings," and affairs will be disturbed by errors and usurpations. Do you, my young son, manifest everywhere my unwearied diligence.
朕教汝于棐民,彝汝乃是不蘉,乃時惟不永哉!篤敘乃正父罔不若予,不敢廢乃命。汝往敬哉!茲予其明農哉!彼裕我民,無遠用戾。」
And listen to my instructions to you how to help the people to observe the constant rules of right. If you do not bestir yourself in these things, you will not be of long continuance. If you sincerely and fully carry out the course of your Directing father, and follow exactly my example, there will be no venturing to disregard your orders. Go, and be reverent. Henceforth I will study husbandry. There do you generously rule our people, and there is no distance from which they will not come to you.'

君陳 - Jun-chen

English translation: James Legge [?]
Books referencing 《君陳》 Library Resources
2 君陳:
王曰:「君陳,爾惟弘周公丕訓,無依勢作威,無倚法以削,寬而有制,從容以和。殷民在辟,予曰辟,爾惟勿辟;予曰宥,爾惟勿宥,惟厥中。有弗若于汝政,弗化于汝訓,辟以止辟,乃辟。狃于奸宄,敗常亂俗,三細不宥。爾無忿疾于頑,無求備于一夫。必有忍,其乃有濟;有容,德乃大。簡厥修,亦簡其或不修。進厥良,以率其或不良。惟民生厚,因有遷。違上所命,從厥攸好。爾克敬典在德,時乃罔不變。允升于大猷,惟予一人膺受多福,其爾之休,終有辭於永世。」
Jun-chen:
The king said, 'Jun-chen, do you give their full development to the great lessons of the duke of Zhou. Do not make use of your power to exercise oppression; do not make use of the laws to practise extortion. Be gentle, but with strictness of rule. Promote harmony by the display of an easy forbearance.
'When any of the people of Yin are amenable to punishment, if I say "Punish," do not you therefore punish; and if I say "Spare," do not you therefore spare. Seek the due middle course. Those who are disobedient to your government, and uninfluenced by your instructions, you will punish, remembering that the end of punishment is to make an end of punishing. Those who are inured to villainy and treachery, those who violate the regular duties of society, and those who introduce disorder into the public manners:--those three classes you will not spare, though their particular offences be but small.
'Do not cherish anger against the obstinate, and dislike them. Seek not every quality in one individual. You must have patience, and you will be successful; have forbearance, and your virtue will be great. Mark those who discharge their duties well, and also mark those who do not do so, (and distinguish them from one another.) Advance the good, to induce those who may not be so to follow (their example).
'The people are born good, and are changed by (external) things, so that they resist what their superiors command, and follow what they (themselves) love. Do you but reverently observe the statutes, and they will be found in (the way of) virtue; they will thus all be changed, and truly advance to a great degree of excellence. Then shall I, the One man, receive much happiness, and your excellent services will be famous through long ages!'

畢命 - Charge to the Duke of Bi

English translation: James Legge [?]
Books referencing 《畢命》 Library Resources
2 畢命:
王若曰:「嗚呼!父師,惟文王、武王敷大德于天下,用克受殷命。惟周公左右先王,綏定厥家,毖殷頑民,遷于洛邑,密邇王室,式化厥訓。既歷三紀,世變風移,四方無虞,予一人以寧,道有升降,政由俗革,不臧厥臧,民罔攸勸。惟公懋德,克勤小,弼亮四世,正色率下,罔不祗師言。嘉績多于先王,予小子垂拱仰成。」
Charge to the Duke...:
The king spoke to the following effect: 'Oh! Grand-Master, it was when Wen and Wu had diffused their great virtue all under heaven, that they therefore received the appointment which Yin had enjoyed. The duke of Zhou acted as assistant to my royal predecessors, and tranquillized and established their kingdom. Cautiously did he deal with the refractory people of Yin, and removed them to the city of Luo, that they might be quietly near the royal House, and be transformed by its lessons. Six and thirty years have elapsed; the generation has been changed; and manners have altered. Through the four quarters of the land there is no occasion for anxiety, and I, the One man, enjoy repose. The prevailing ways now tend to advancement and now to degeneracy, and measures of government must be varied according to the manners (of the time). If you (now) do not manifest your approval of what is good, 'the people will not be led to stimulate themselves in it. But your virtue, O duke, is strenuous, and you are cautiously attentive to the smallest things. You have been helpful to and brightened four reigns; with deportment all correct leading on the inferior officers, so that there is not one who does not reverently take your words as a law. Your admirable merits were many (and great) in the times of my predecessors; I, the little child, have but to let my robes hang down, and fold my hands, while I look up for the complete effect (of your measures).'

Total 10 paragraphs. Page 1 of 1.