| | 齊悼惠王... : |
齊悼惠王劉肥者，高祖長庶男也。其母外婦也，曰曹氏。高祖六年，立肥為齊王，食七十城，諸民能齊言者皆予齊王。 |
| | Prince Doupui of Qi, Liu Fei, was the eldest commoner son of Emperor Gaozu. His mother was a concubine, surnamed Cao. In the sixth year of Emperor Gaozu's reign, Fei was enfeoffed as King of Qi and granted seventy cities; all commoners who could speak the dialect of Qi were given to King Qi.
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| | 齊悼惠王... : |
齊王，孝惠帝兄也。孝惠帝二年，齊王入朝。惠帝與齊王燕飲，亢禮如家人。呂太后怒，且誅齊王。齊王懼不得脫，乃用其內史勳計，獻城陽郡，以為魯元公主湯沐邑。呂太后喜，乃得辭就國。 |
| | King Qi was the elder brother of Emperor Xiaohui. In the second year of Emperor Xiaohui's reign, King Qi paid a court visit. Emperor Xiaohui and King Qi dined together in leisure, treating each other with equal courtesy as family members. Empress Dowager Lü was furious and intended to execute King Qi. King Qi, fearing he could not escape punishment, adopted the plan of his Chief Minister Xun and offered the Chongyang commandery as a fief for Princess Luyuan to provide her with funds for bathing and other expenses. Empress Dowager Lü was pleased, and thus King Qi was allowed to return to his fiefdom.
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| | 齊悼惠王... : |
悼惠王即位十三年，以惠帝六年卒。子襄立，是為哀王。 |
| | Prince Doupui reigned for thirteen years and died in the sixth year of Emperor Xiaohui's reign. His son Xiang succeeded him, known as King Ai.
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| | 齊悼惠王... : |
哀王元年，孝惠帝崩，呂太后稱制，天下事皆決於高后。二年，高后立其兄子酈侯呂臺為呂王，割齊之濟南郡為呂王奉邑。 |
| | In the first year of King Ai's reign, Emperor Xiaohui died and Empress Dowager Lü assumed regency; all state affairs were decided by the empress dowager. In the second year, Empress Dowager Lü enfeoffed her nephew, Marquis Li of Lihou, Lu Tai, as King Lu and carved out the Jian'nan commandery from Qi to serve as a fief providing tribute for King Lu.
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| | 齊悼惠王... : |
哀王三年，其弟章入宿衛於漢，呂太后封為朱虛侯，以呂祿女妻之。後四年，封章弟興居為東牟侯，皆宿衛長安中。 |
| | In the third year of King Ai's reign, his younger brother Zhang entered Han service as a palace guard; Empress Dowager Lü conferred on him the title Marquis Zhuxu and married him to the daughter of Lu Lu. Four years later, Zhang's younger brother Xingju was conferred the title Marquis Dongmou; both brothers served as palace guards in Chang'an.
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| | 齊悼惠王... : |
哀王八年，高后割齊瑯邪郡立營陵侯劉澤為瑯邪王。 |
| | In the eighth year of King Ai's reign, Empress Dowager Lü carved out Langya commandery from Qi and enfeoffed Yingling Hou Liu Ze as King Langya.
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| | 齊悼惠王... : |
其明年，趙王友入朝，幽死于邸。三趙王皆廢。高后立諸呂諸呂為三王，擅權用事。 |
| | The following year, King You of Zhao paid a court visit but was confined to his residence and died in seclusion. All three kings of Zhao were deposed. Empress Dowager Lü enfeoffed various Lu clan members as the Three Kings, allowing them to seize power and dominate state affairs.
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| | 齊悼惠王... : |
朱虛侯年二十，有氣力，忿劉氏不得職。嘗入待高后燕飲，高后令朱虛侯劉章為酒吏。章自請曰：「臣，將種也，請得以軍法行酒。」高后曰：「可。」酒酣，章進飲歌舞。已而曰：「請為太后言耕田歌。」高后兒子畜之，笑曰：「顧而父知田耳。若生而為王子，安知田乎？」章曰：「臣知之。」太后曰：「試為我言田。」章曰：「深耕穊種，立苗欲疏，非其種者，鉏而去之。」呂后默然。頃之，諸呂有一人醉，亡酒，章追，拔劍斬之，而還報曰：「有亡酒一人，臣謹行法斬之。」太后左右皆大驚。業已許其軍法，無以罪也。因罷。自是之後，諸呂憚朱虛侯，雖大臣皆依朱虛侯，劉氏為益彊。 |
| | ões Marquis Zhuxu was twenty years old, strong and vigorous, and resented the Liu clan's loss of official positions. He once attended a banquet hosted by Empress Dowager Lü; she ordered Marquis Zhuxu Liu Zhang to serve as the wine steward. Zhang volunteered, saying: "I am a general's descendant; I request permission to enforce the serving of wine according to military law." Empress Dowager Lü said, "Agreed." When the wine was flowing freely, Zhang proceeded to serve drinks while performing songs and dances. Afterward, he said: "Please allow me to sing a song about farming for Empress Dowager." Empress Dowager Lü treated him as a son and laughed, saying: "Only your father knows about farming. How could you, born as the prince of a king, know anything about farming?" Zhang said: "I do know." The empress dowager said, "Try to tell me about farming." Zhang replied: "Dig deeply and sow densely; when the seedlings emerge, thin them out. Any plants that are not of the right kind should be weeded out." Empress Dowager Lü fell silent. After a short while, one of the Lu clan members became drunk and failed to serve wine; Zhang pursued him, drew his sword, and beheaded him. He then returned and reported: "One person who neglected their wine duty has been executed by me according to military law." Those around Empress Dowager Lü were all greatly shocked. She had already agreed to the enforcement of military law, so there was no way to hold him guilty. Thus, she dismissed the matter. From then on, the Lu clan feared Marquis Zhuxu; even high-ranking ministers relied upon him, and the Liu clan became increasingly powerful.
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| | 齊悼惠王... : |
其明年，高后崩。趙王呂祿為上將軍，呂王產為相國，皆居長安中，聚兵以威大臣，欲為亂。朱虛侯章以呂祿女為婦，知其謀，乃使人陰出告其兄齊王，欲令發兵西，朱虛侯、東牟侯為內應，以誅諸呂，因立齊王為帝。 |
| | The following year, Empress Dowager Lü died. King Lu of Zhao, Lu Lu, was the supreme general; King Lu Chan was the prime minister. Both resided in Chang'an and gathered troops to intimidate high-ranking officials, intending to rebel. Marquis Zhuxu Zhang, who had married the daughter of Lu Lu, learned of their plot and secretly sent someone to inform his elder brother King Qi in Wei, hoping to have him raise an army westward. Marquis Zhuxu and Marquis Dongmou would serve as internal allies to eliminate the Lu clan and then install King Qi as emperor.
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| | 齊悼惠王... : |
齊王既聞此計，乃與其舅父駟鈞、郎中令祝午、中尉魏勃陰謀發兵。齊相召平聞之，乃發卒衛王宮。魏勃紿召平曰：「王欲發兵，非有漢虎符驗也。而相君圍王，固善。勃請為君將兵衛衛王。」召平信之，乃使魏勃將兵圍王宮。勃既將兵，使圍相府。召平曰：「嗟乎！道家之言『當斷不斷，反受其亂』，乃是也。」遂自殺。於是齊王以駟鈞為相，魏勃為將軍，祝午為內史，悉發國中兵。使祝午東詐瑯邪王曰：「呂氏作亂，齊王發兵欲西誅之。齊王自以兒子，年少，不習兵革之事，願舉國委大王。大王自高帝將也，習戰事。齊王不敢離兵，使臣請大王幸之臨菑見齊王計事，并將齊兵以西平關中之亂。」瑯邪王信之，以為然，（西）［迺］馳見齊王。齊王與魏勃等因留瑯邪王，而使祝午盡發瑯邪國而并將其兵。 |
| | After learning of this plan, King Qi conspired with his maternal uncle Si Jun, the Minister of Palace Attendants Zhu Wu, and the Commandant Wei Bo to secretly raise an army. Zhang Ping, King Qi's prime minister, hearing about this, mobilized troops to guard the royal palace. Wei Bo deceived Zhang Ping by saying: "The king wants to raise an army, but without a Han tiger token for verification, yet you, Minister, have surrounded the king—this is certainly good. Bo requests to serve as your general and lead troops to protect the king." Zhang Ping believed him, so he ordered Wei Bo to command troops to surround the royal palace. After taking command of the troops, Wei Bo had them surround the prime minister's residence. Zhang Ping said: "Alas! The Daoist saying, 'If one hesitates to act decisively, one will suffer the consequences,' is exactly what has happened." He then committed suicide. Thus, King Qi appointed Si Jun as prime minister, Wei Bo as general, and Zhu Wu as chief minister, mobilizing all the troops within his fiefdom. He sent Zhu Wu eastward to deceive King Langya, saying: "The Lu clan has rebelled; King Qi is raising an army and intends to march west to eliminate them. King Qi considers himself a young son of the imperial family, inexperienced in military matters, and wishes to entrust his entire fiefdom to Your Majesty. You are a general of Emperor Gaozu yourself and experienced in warfare. King Qi dares not leave his troops, and has sent me to request Your Majesty's presence in Linzi to confer with King Qi on strategy, as well as to lead the army of Qi westward to quell the rebellion in Guanzhong." King Langya believed this and thought it reasonable, so he hurried to meet King Qi. King Qi and Wei Bo then detained King Langya, while Zhu Wu mobilized all the forces of the State of Langya and combined them with his own command.
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| | 齊悼惠王... : |
瑯邪王劉澤既見欺，不得反國，乃說齊王曰：「齊悼惠王高皇帝長子，推本言之，而大王高皇帝適長孫也，當立。今諸大臣狐疑未有所定，而澤於劉氏最為長年，大臣固待澤決計。今大王留臣無為也，不如使我入關計事。」齊王以為然，乃益具車送瑯邪王。 |
| | After King Langya Liu Ze realized he had been deceived and could not return to his fief, he advised King Qi: "Prince Doupui of Qi was the eldest son of Emperor Gaozu; tracing back the lineage, Your Majesty is the legitimate eldest grandson of Emperor Gaozu and should be enthroned. Now, the high-ranking ministers are indecisive and have not yet reached a conclusion; as for me, Liu Ze is the eldest among the Liu clan, so the ministers naturally await my decision. If Your Majesty keeps me here without action, it would be better for me to enter Guan and deliberate on matters." King Qi thought this reasonable and thus prepared additional carriages to escort King Langya.
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| | 齊悼惠王... : |
瑯邪王既行，齊遂舉兵西攻呂國之濟南。於是齊哀王遺諸侯王書曰：「高帝平定天下，王諸子弟，悼惠王於齊。悼惠王薨，惠帝使留侯張良立臣為齊王。惠帝崩，高后用事，春秋高，聽諸呂擅廢高帝所立，又殺三趙王，滅梁、燕、趙以王諸呂，分齊國為四。忠臣進諫，上惑亂不聽。今高后崩，皇帝春秋富，未能治天下，固恃大臣諸（將）［侯］。今諸呂又擅自尊官，聚兵嚴威，劫列侯忠臣，矯制以令天下，宗廟所以危。今寡人率兵入誅不當為王者。」 |
| | After King Langya departed, the State of Qi raised its army westward and attacked Jining under Lu control. At this time, King Ai of Qi sent letters to the feudal kings, saying: "Emperor Gaozu pacified the empire and enfeoffed his kinsmen; Prince Doupui was granted the fief of Qi. After Prince Doupui died, Emperor Xiaohui sent Marquis Liu Hou Zhang Liang to enfeoff me as King of Qi. After Emperor Xiaohui died, Empress Dowager Lü took control. Now in her old age, she allowed the Lu clan to arbitrarily depose those enfeoffed by Emperor Gaozu, and also killed the three kings of Zhao; she destroyed the states of Liang, Yan, and Zhao to enfeoff members of the Lu family as kings, dividing the State of Qi into four parts. Loyal ministers advised against this, but the sovereign was confused and refused to listen. Now that Empress Dowager Lü has died, the emperor is young and inexperienced in governing the empire; he naturally relies on high-ranking ministers and marquises. Now the Lu clan has again arbitrarily elevated their ranks, gathered troops to display strict authority, and coerced marquises and loyal ministers. They have issued false imperial decrees to command the empire, endangering the ancestral temple. Now I lead my troops inwardly to eliminate those who should not be kings."
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| | 齊悼惠王... : |
漢聞齊發兵而西，相國呂產乃遣大將軍灌嬰東擊之。灌嬰至滎陽，乃謀曰：「諸呂將兵居關中，欲危劉氏而自立。我今破齊還報，是益呂氏資也。」乃留兵屯滎陽，使使喻齊王及諸侯，與連和，以待呂氏之變而共誅之。齊王聞之，乃西取其故濟南郡，亦屯兵於齊西界以待約。 |
| | The Han court, hearing that Qi had raised an army and marched westward, dispatched Grand General Guan Ying by the prime minister Lu Chan to attack them from the east. When Guan Ying arrived at Xingyang, he plotted and said: "The Lu clan is stationed in Guanzhong with its troops, intending to endanger the Liu family and establish itself. If I now defeat Qi and return to report this, it will only provide resources for the Lu clan." He therefore left his troops to garrison Xingyang and sent envoys to King Qi and the feudal lords, urging them to form an alliance in order to await a change in the Lu clan's situation and jointly eliminate them. King Qi, upon hearing this, marched west to reclaim his former Jining commandery and stationed troops at the western border of Qi in anticipation of an agreement.
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| | 齊悼惠王... : |
呂祿、呂產欲作亂關中，朱虛侯與太尉勃、丞相平等誅之。朱虛侯首先斬呂產，於是太尉勃等乃得盡誅諸呂。而瑯邪王亦從齊至長安。 |
| | Lu Lu and Lu Chan wanted to rebel in Guanzhong, but Marquis Zhuxu, along with the Grand Marshal Bo and Chancellor Ping, eliminated them. Marquis Zhuxu led the charge in beheading Lu Chan; thus, Grand Marshal Bo and others were able to completely eliminate all members of the Lu clan. Meanwhile, King Langya also arrived from Qi to Chang'an.
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| | 齊悼惠王... : |
大臣議欲立齊王，而瑯邪王及大臣曰：「齊王母家駟鈞，惡戾，虎而冠者也。方以呂氏故幾亂天下，今又立齊王，是欲復為呂氏也。代王母家薄氏，君子長者；且代王又親高帝子，於今見在，且最為長。以子則順，以善人則大臣安。」於是大臣乃謀迎立代王，而遣朱虛侯以誅呂氏事告齊王，令罷兵。 |
| | The high-ranking ministers discussed the possibility of enthroning King Qi, but King Langya and the ministers said: "King Qi's maternal uncle Si Jun is vicious and cruel; he is a tiger in human form. He nearly caused chaos throughout the empire because of his alliance with the Lu clan; if we now enthroned King Qi, it would mean returning to another Lu-like situation. The maternal family of Prince Dai, the Bo clan, are virtuous and upright men; Moreover, Prince Dai is also a direct son of Emperor Gaozu who still lives today and is the eldest. To enthroned him would be in accordance with filial piety, and to choose a virtuous ruler would ensure stability among the ministers." Thus, the high-ranking ministers plotted to welcome and enthroned Prince Dai, while sending Marquis Zhuxu to inform King Qi of their elimination of the Lu clan and ordered him to disband his troops.
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| | 齊悼惠王... : |
灌嬰在滎陽，聞魏勃本教齊王反，既誅呂氏，罷齊兵，使使召責問魏勃。勃曰：「失火之家，豈暇先言大人而後救火乎！」因退立，股戰而栗，恐不能言者，終無他語。灌將軍熟視笑曰：「人謂魏勃勇，妄庸人耳，何能為乎！」乃罷魏勃。魏勃父以善鼓琴見秦皇帝。及魏勃少時，欲求見齊相曹參，家貧無以自通，乃常獨早夜埽齊相舍人門外。相舍人怪之，以為物，而伺之，得勃。勃曰：「願見相君，無因，故為子埽，欲以求見。」於是舍人見勃曹參，因以為舍人。一為參御，言事，參以為賢，言之齊悼惠王。悼惠王召見，則拜為內史。始，悼惠王得自置二千石。及悼惠王卒而哀王立，勃用事，重於齊相。 |
| | Guan Ying, stationed in Xingyang, heard that Wei Bo had originally advised King Qi to rebel. After the Lu clan was eliminated and the army of Qi disbanded, he sent envoys to summon and reprimand Wei Bo. Wei Bo said: "When a house is on fire, would one have time first to inform the elders before putting out the flames?" He then stepped back and stood there, his legs trembling with fear as he shivered, afraid to speak further; ultimately, he had nothing else to say. General Guan looked at him carefully and laughed, saying: "People say Wei Bo is brave; he's just a foolish and mediocre man—what could he possibly do!" Thus, General Guan dismissed Wei Bo. Wei Bo's father had been seen by Emperor Qin Shi Huang for his skill in playing the guqin. When Wei Bo was young, he wanted to meet Prime Minister Cao Can of Qi but could not afford a proper introduction due to his poverty; thus, he often swept the gate outside the residence of the prime minister's attendants early in the morning and late at night. The prime minister's attendants found this strange, suspecting it to be a trick, and kept watch; they eventually discovered Wei Bo. Wei Bo said: "I wish to see the prime minister but have no means of introduction, so I swept for you in hopes of gaining an audience." The attendants then introduced Wei Bo to Cao Can, who subsequently employed him as one of his own attendants. Once serving as a charioteer for Cao Can and offering advice, Cao Can considered him talented and recommended him to Prince Doupui of Qi. Prince Doupui summoned Wei Bo for an audience and appointed him as chief minister. Initially, Prince Doupui had the authority to appoint his own officials of the rank of Erqiashi. After Prince Doupui's death and King Ai's ascension, Wei Bo took charge and held more power than the prime minister of Qi.
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| | 齊悼惠王... : |
王既罷兵歸，而代王來立，是為孝文帝。 |
| | After King Qi disbanded his troops and returned to his fief, Prince Dai was enthroned; he became Emperor Wen.
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| | 齊悼惠王... : |
孝文帝元年，盡以高后時所割齊之城陽、瑯邪、濟南郡復與齊，而徙瑯邪王王燕，益封朱虛侯、東牟侯各二千戶。 |
| | In the first year of Emperor Wen's reign, all the cities and commanderies—Chongyang, Langya, and Jining—that had been taken from Qi during Empress Dowager Lü's time were restored to Qi. King Langya was transferred to rule Yan, while Marquis Zhuxu and Duke Dongmou each received an additional fief of 2,000 households.
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| | 齊悼惠王... : |
是歲，齊哀王卒，太子（側）［則］立，是為文王。 |
| | In this year, King Ai of Qi died and his crown prince Ze succeeded him; he became known as King Wen.
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| | 齊悼惠王... : |
齊文王元年，漢以齊之城陽郡立朱虛侯為城陽王，以齊濟北郡立東牟侯為濟北王。 |
| | In the first year of King Wen's reign, Han enfeoffed Marquis Zhuxu as King Chongyang using the Chongyang commandery of Qi and conferred on Marquis Dongmou the title King Jibei by granting him the Jibei commandery of Qi.
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二年，濟北王反，漢誅殺之，地入于漢。 |
| | In the second year, King Jibei rebelled; Han crushed the rebellion and executed him, incorporating his territory into Han's domain.
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後二年，孝文帝盡封齊悼惠王子罷軍等七人皆為列侯。 |
| | Two years later, Emperor Wen enfeoffed all seven sons of Prince Doupui of Qi—Bajun among them—as marquises.
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| | 齊悼惠王... : |
齊文王立十四年卒，無子，國除，地入于漢。 |
| | King Wen reigned for fourteen years before dying without an heir; his fief was abolished and the territory incorporated into Han's domain.
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| | 齊悼惠王... : |
後一歲，孝文帝以所封悼惠王子分齊為王，齊孝王將閭以悼惠王子楊虛侯為齊王。故齊別郡盡以王悼惠王子：子志為濟北王，子辟光為濟南王，子賢為菑川王，子卬為膠西王，子雄渠為膠東王，與城陽、齊凡七王。 |
| | One year later, Emperor Wen divided the former Qi territory among the sons of Prince Doupui who had been enfeoffed. King Xiao of Qi, Jianglv, appointed Yangxu Hou, a son of Prince Doupui, as King of Qi. Thus, all the former commanderies of Qi were granted as fiefs to the sons of Prince Doupui: his son Zhi became King Jibei; his son Piguang became King Jinan; his son Xian became King Zichuan; his son Ang became King Jiaoxi; and his son Xiongqu became King Jiaodong. Together with the kings of Chongyang and Qi, there were seven kings in total.
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| | 齊悼惠王... : |
齊孝王十一年，吳王濞、楚王戊反，興兵西，告諸侯曰「將誅漢賊臣晁錯以安宗廟」。膠西、膠東、菑川、濟南皆擅發兵應吳楚。欲與齊，齊孝王狐疑，城守不聽，三國兵共圍齊。齊王使路中大夫告於天子。天子復令路中大夫還告齊王：「善堅守，吾兵今破吳楚矣。」路中大夫至，三國兵圍臨菑數重，無從入。三國將劫與路中大夫盟，曰：「若反言漢已破矣，齊趣下三國，不且見屠。」路中大夫既許之，至城下，望見齊王，曰：「漢已發兵百萬，使太尉周亞夫擊破吳楚，方引兵救齊，齊必堅守無下！」三國將誅路中大夫。 |
| | In the eleventh year of King Xiao's reign, King Wu of Wu, Liu Bi, and King Chu, Liu Wu, rebelled, raising an army toward the west. They proclaimed to the feudal lords: "We will punish Han's traitorous minister Chao Cuo in order to stabilize the ancestral temple." Jiaoxi, Jiaodong, Zichuan, and Jinan all raised their armies without authorization to support Wu and Chu. They wished to ally with Qi, but King Xiao of Qi hesitated, choosing instead to defend the city and refused to listen. Thus, the armies of the three states jointly besieged Qi. King Qi sent Lu Zhongdafa as an envoy to report the situation to the Son of Heaven. The Son of Heaven ordered Lu Zhongdafa to return and inform King Qi: "Maintain a strong defense. My troops have now crushed Wu and Chu." When Lu Zhongdafa arrived, the armies of the three kingdoms had already encircled Linzi in multiple layers, and he could not enter. The generals of the three kingdoms threatened Lu Zhongdafa and forced him to swear an oath, saying: "If you falsely claim that Han has already been defeated, Qi will quickly surrender to us. Otherwise, it will be utterly destroyed." After agreeing to their demand, Lu Zhongdafa went down to the city walls and saw King Qi. He said: "Han has already mobilized a million troops, dispatched Grand Marshal Zhou Yafu to crush Wu and Chu, and is now marching to rescue Qi. Qi must hold out firmly and not surrender!" The generals of the three states executed Lu Zhongdafa.
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| | 齊悼惠王... : |
齊初圍急，陰與三國通謀，約未定，會聞路中大夫從漢來，喜，及其大臣乃復勸王毋下三國。居無何，漢將欒布、平陽侯等兵至齊，擊破三國兵，解齊圍。已而復聞齊初與三國有謀，將欲移兵伐齊。齊孝王懼，乃飲藥自殺。景帝聞之，以為齊首善，以迫劫有謀，非其罪也，乃立孝王太子壽為齊王，是為懿王，續齊後。而膠西、膠東、濟南、菑川王咸誅滅，地入于漢。徙濟北王王菑川。齊懿王立二十二年卒，子次景立，是為厲王。 |
| | Initially, Qi was under a tight siege and secretly conspired with the three kingdoms; however, their agreement had not yet been finalized. When they heard that Lu Zhongdafa had arrived from Han, they were delighted. Then, together with his ministers, King Qi was further encouraged to refuse surrendering to the three states. Not long after, Han generals Luanshu and Pingyang Hou arrived at Qi with their troops and defeated the armies of the three kingdoms, lifting the siege on Qi. Soon afterward, they learned that Qi had initially conspired with the three states and were about to transfer their troops to attack Qi. King Xiao of Qi was terrified and drank poison to commit suicide. Emperor Jing heard of this and considered Qi to have been the first to resist, as it had conspired under duress and was not at fault. He therefore enfeoffed King Xiao's crown prince Shou as King of Qi; he became known as Yi Wang, continuing the succession of Qi. The kings of Jiaoxi, Jiaodong and Jinan, Zichuan were all executed, their territories incorporated into Han. King Jibei was transferred to rule Zichuan. King Yi of Qi reigned for twenty-two years before dying; his son Cijing succeeded him and became known as King Li.
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| | 齊悼惠王... : |
齊厲王，其母曰紀太后。太后取其弟紀氏女為厲王后。王不愛紀氏女。太后欲其家重寵，令其長女紀翁主入王宮，正其後宮，毋令得近王，欲令愛紀氏女。王因與其姊翁主姦。 |
| | King Li of Qi had a mother named Ji Dowager Empress. The dowager empress took her younger sister, also from the Ji family, and married her to King Li as his queen. King Li did not love Lady Ji. The dowager empress wished for her family to receive great favor, so she sent her eldest daughter, Princess Ji Wengzhu, into the royal palace. She instructed that Lady Ji be properly placed in the harem and not allowed to approach the king, hoping this would make King Li love Lady Ji more. The king then had an affair with his elder sister-in-law Princess Wengzhu.
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| | 齊悼惠王... : |
齊有宦者徐甲，入事漢皇太后。皇太后有愛女曰修成君，修成君非劉氏，太后憐之。修成君有女名娥，太后欲嫁之於諸侯，宦者甲乃請使齊，必令王上書請娥。皇太后喜，使甲之齊。是時齊人主父偃知甲之使齊以取后事，亦因謂甲：「即事成，幸言偃女願得充王後宮。」甲既至齊，風以此事。紀太后大怒，曰：「王有后，後宮具備。且甲，齊貧人，急乃為宦者，入事漢，無補益，乃欲亂吾王家！且主父偃何為者？乃欲以女充後宮！」徐甲大窮，還報皇太后曰：「王已願尚娥，然有一害，恐如燕王。」燕王者，與其子昆弟姦，新坐以死，亡國，故以燕感太后。太后曰：「無復言嫁女齊事。」事浸潯［不得］聞於天子。主父偃由此亦與齊有卻。 |
| | Qi had a eunuch named Xu Jia, who served in the court of Empress Dowager of Han. Empress Dowager had a beloved daughter named Xiucheng Jun, who was not of the Liu clan; the empress dowager favored her greatly. Xiucheng Jun had a daughter named E, and the empress dowager wished to marry her off to a feudal lord. The eunuch Xu Jia then requested permission to go to Qi, vowing that he would ensure King Qi submitted a petition requesting E's hand in marriage. The empress dowager was pleased and sent Xu Jia to Qi. At that time, Zhirou Yanyan of Qi learned that Xu Jia had been sent to Qi in order to arrange the marriage for a queen. He also took the opportunity to tell Xu Jia: "If this matter is successful, I would be grateful if you could mention that my daughter wishes to enter the king's harem." After arriving in Qi, Xu Jia hinted at these matters. Dowager Empress Ji was furious and said: "The king already has a queen, and his harem is complete." "Moreover, Xu Jia is a poor man from Qi who hastily became a eunuch to serve Han. He has contributed nothing and now dares to meddle in our royal family affairs!" "And what kind of person is Zhirou Yanyan?" "He dares to offer his daughter for the harem!" Xu Jia was greatly embarrassed and returned to report to Empress Dowager: "The king has already expressed a wish to marry E, but there is one problem. I fear he may be like King Yan." King Yan had committed incest with his sons and brothers, was recently executed for this crime, and lost his fief; thus, the reference to King Yan was meant to move the empress dowager. The empress dowager said: "Do not mention again the matter of marrying a daughter to Qi." The affair gradually became too sensitive and did not reach the Son of Heaven's ears. Because of this, Zhirou Yanyan also fell out with Qi.
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| | 齊悼惠王... : |
主父偃方幸於天子，用事，因言：「齊臨菑十萬戶，市租千金，人眾殷富，巨於長安，此非天子親弟愛子不得王此。今齊王於親屬益疏。」乃從容言：「呂太后時齊欲反，吳楚時孝王幾為亂。今聞齊王與其姊亂。」於是天子乃拜主父偃為齊相，且正其事。主父偃既至齊，乃急治王後宮宦者為王通於姊翁主所者，令其辭證皆引王。王年少，懼大罪為吏所執誅，乃飲藥自殺。絕無後。 |
| | At the time, Zhirou Yanyian was favored by the Son of Heaven and held power. He then said: "Qi's Linzi has a population of 100,000 households, with market taxes amounting to 1,000 gold pieces annually. Its people are numerous and prosperous, surpassing Chang'an in wealth and size. Such a fief should not be granted except to the Son of Heaven's own brothers or beloved sons." "Now King Qi is increasingly distantly related by blood." He then casually remarked: "During Empress Dowager Lü's time, Qi nearly rebelled. During the Wu and Chu rebellion, King Xiao of Qi almost joined in the chaos." Now I have heard that King Qi has committed incest with his elder sister. Thus, the Son of Heaven appointed Zhirou Yanyan as prime minister of Qi to investigate and rectify this matter. After Zhirou Yanyan arrived in Qi, he immediately investigated the eunuchs in the king's harem who had acted as intermediaries between King Qi and his elder sister-in-law. He ordered their testimonies to implicate the king directly. King Qi was young and feared a severe punishment, being arrested and executed by officials; thus he drank poison and committed suicide. The line ended without an heir.
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| | 齊悼惠王... : |
是時趙王懼主父偃一出廢齊，恐其漸疏骨肉，乃上書言偃受金及輕重之短。天子亦既囚偃。公孫弘言：「齊王以憂死毋後，國入漢，非誅偃無以塞天下之望。」遂誅偃。 |
| | At this time, King Zhao feared that Zhirou Yanyan would eliminate Qi in one move and worried that he might gradually alienate the royal family. He therefore submitted a memorial to the throne accusing Zhirou of accepting bribes and listing his other faults. The Son of Heaven had also already imprisoned Zhirou Yanyan. Gongsun Hong said: "King Qi died of grief with no heir, and his fief has been incorporated into Han. Without executing Zhirou Yanyan, it would be impossible to satisfy the expectations of the people across the land." Thus, they executed Zhirou Yanyan.
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| | 齊悼惠王... : |
齊厲王立五年死，毋後，國入于漢。 |
| | King Li of Qi reigned for five years before dying without an heir, and his fief was incorporated into Han's territory.
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| | 齊悼惠王... : |
齊悼惠王後尚有二國，城陽及菑川。菑川地比齊。天子憐齊，為悼惠王冢園在郡，割臨菑東環悼惠王冢園邑盡以予菑川，以奉悼惠王祭祀。 |
| | There were still two states remaining among the descendants of Prince Doupui: Chongyang and Zichuan. Zichuan's territory was comparable in size to that of Qi. The Son of Heaven took pity on Qi and, since the tomb estate of Prince Doupui was located within the commandery, he carved out all the surrounding towns east of Linzi that encircled the tomb estate to grant them to Zichuan in order to support the ancestral sacrifices for Prince Doupui.
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| | 齊悼惠王... : |
城陽景王章，齊悼惠王子，以朱虛侯與大臣共誅諸呂，而章身首先斬相國呂王產於未央宮。孝文帝既立，益封章二千戶，賜金千斤。孝文二年，以齊之城陽郡立章為城陽王。立二年卒，子喜立，是為共王。 |
| | King Zhang of Chongyang, also known as King Jing, was a son of Prince Doupui. As Marquis Zhuxu, he joined the ministers in 诛杀 the Lü clan and personally led the charge to be the first to slay Chancellor Lu Wang Chan at Weiyang Palace. After Emperor Wen was enthroned, he increased King Zhang's fief by 2,000 additional households and bestowed upon him a gift of 1,000 catties of gold. In the second year of Emperor Wen's reign, the Chongyang commandery from Qi was granted to King Zhang and he was enfeoffed as King of Chongyang. He reigned for two years before dying, and his son Xi succeeded him; this ruler became known as Gong Wang.
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| | 齊悼惠王... : |
共王八年，徙王淮南。四年，復還王城陽。凡三十三年卒，子［建］延立，是為頃王。 |
| | In the eighth year of King Gong's reign, he was transferred to rule Huainan. Four years later, he returned as ruler of Chongyang. After reigning for a total of thirty-three years, King Gong died and was succeeded by his son Jianyan; this ruler became known as King Qing.
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| | 齊悼惠王... : |
頃王二十（八）［六］年卒，子義立，是為敬王。敬王九年卒，子武立，是為惠王。惠王十一年卒，子順立，是為荒王。荒王四十六年卒，子恢立，是為戴王。戴王八年卒，子景立，至建始三年，十五歲，卒。 |
| | King Qing reigned for twenty-six years before dying, succeeded by his son Yi; this ruler became known as Jing Wang. Jing Wang died in the ninth year of his reign and was succeeded by his son Wu, who became known as King Hui. King Hui reigned for eleven years before dying; he was succeeded by his son Shun, who became known as Wang Wang. Wang Wang died after reigning for forty-six years and was succeeded by his son Hui, who became known as Dai Wang. Dai Wang reigned for eight years before dying; he was followed by his son Jing, who died at the age of fifteen in the third year of Jianshi.
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| | 齊悼惠王... : |
濟北王興居，齊悼惠王子，以東牟侯助大臣誅諸呂，功少。及文帝從代來，興居曰：「請與太仆嬰入清宮。」廢少帝，共與大臣尊立孝文帝。 |
| | King Xingju of Jibei, a son of Prince Doupai, assisted the ministers in 诛杀 the Lu clan as Marquis Dongmou. However, his contribution was relatively minor. When Emperor Wen came from Dai, Xingju said: "Please allow me and Taiyu Ying to enter the palace to clear it." They deposed the young emperor and jointly supported the ministers in enthroning Emperor Wen.
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| | 齊悼惠王... : |
孝文帝二年，以齊之濟北郡立興居為濟北王，與城陽王俱立。立二年，反。始大臣誅呂氏時，朱虛侯功尤大，許盡以趙地王朱虛侯，盡以梁地王東牟侯。及孝文帝立，聞朱虛、東牟之初欲立齊王，故絀其功。及二年，王諸子，乃割齊二郡以王章、興居。章、興居自以失職奪功。章死，而興居聞匈奴大入漢，漢多發兵，使丞相灌嬰擊之，文帝親幸太原，以為天子自擊胡，遂發兵反於濟北。天子聞之，罷丞相及行兵，皆歸長安。使棘蒲侯柴將軍擊破虜濟北王，王自殺，地入于漢，為郡。 |
| | In the second year of Emperor Jing's reign, the Jibei commandery from Qi was enfeoffed to Xingju as King Jibei. He and King Chongyang were both granted their titles at this time. Two years after his enthronement, he rebelled. Initially, when the ministers 诛杀 the Lu clan, Marquis Zhuxu's contribution was especially great. They had promised to grant all of Zhao's territory to Marquis Zhuxu and all of Liang's territory to Marquis Dongmou as their fiefs. When Emperor Wen was enthroned and learned that Zhuxu and Dongmou had initially wished to install King Qi, he downgraded their contributions. Two years later, when the emperor was enfeoffing his sons as kings, he instead carved out two commanderies from Qi to grant to Zhang and Xingju. Zhang and Xingju considered themselves wronged, having lost their rightful positions and rewards. After Zhang died, Xingju heard that the Xiongnu had launched a large-scale invasion of Han territory. The Han court mobilized many troops and dispatched Chancellor Guan Ying to fight them. Emperor Wen personally visited Taiyuan, believing he would lead the campaign against the Hu himself. Taking advantage of this situation, Xingju raised an army in Jibei and rebelled. The Son of Heaven heard about the rebellion, withdrew the chancellor and all troops, and returned them to Chang'an. The Son of Heaven dispatched General Jipu Hou Chai to attack and defeat King Xingju, who committed suicide. The territory was incorporated into Han as a commandery.
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| | 齊悼惠王... : |
後十（二）［三］年，文帝十六年，復以齊悼惠王子安都侯志為濟北王。十一年，吳楚反時，志堅守，不與諸侯合謀。吳楚已平，徙志王菑川。 |
| | Thirteen years later, in the sixteenth year of Emperor Wen's reign (214 BCE), Prince Zhi, a son of Prince Doupian and Marquis Andou, was enfeoffed again as King Jibei. In the eleventh year, during the Wu-Chu rebellion, Zhi held firm in defense and did not conspire with the other feudal lords. After the Wu-Chu Rebellion was quelled, King Zhi was transferred to rule Zichuan instead.
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| | 齊悼惠王... : |
濟南王辟光，齊悼惠王子，以勒侯孝文十六年為濟南王。十一年，與吳楚反。漢擊破，殺辟光，以濟南為郡，地入于漢。 |
| | King Piguang of Jinan was a son of Prince Doupia and, as Marquis Le, was enfeoffed by Emperor Wen in the sixteenth year (214 BCE) as King of Jinan. In the eleventh year (203 BCE), he joined Wu and Chu in rebellion. Han crushed the rebellion, executed Piguang, and established Jinan as a commandery; its territory was incorporated into Han's domain.
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| | 齊悼惠王... : |
菑川王賢，齊悼惠王子，以武城侯文帝十六年為菑川王。十一年，與吳楚反，漢擊破，殺賢。 |
| | King Xian of Zichuan, a son of Prince Doupiao, was enfeoffed in the sixteenth year (164 BCE) by Emperor Wen as King of Zichuan while holding the title Marquis Wucheng. In the eleventh year [of Emperor Jing's reign] (154 BCE), Xian joined Wu and Chu in their rebellion, but Han crushed them and executed Xian.
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| | 齊悼惠王... : |
天子因徙濟北王志王菑川。志亦齊悼惠王子，以安都侯王濟北。菑川王反，毋後，乃徙濟北王王菑川。凡立三十五年卒，謚為懿王。子建代立，是為靖王。二十年卒，子遺代立，是為頃王。三十六年卒，子終古立，是為思王。二十八年卒，子尚立，是為孝王。五年卒，子橫立，至建始三年，十一歲，卒。 |
| | The Son of Heaven then transferred King Zhi of Jibei to rule Zichuan. Zhi was also a son of Prince Doupao and had been enfeoffed as King of Jibei while holding the title Marquis Andou. After the previous King of Zichuan rebelled and died without an heir, the Son of Heaven transferred King Jibei to become King of Zichuan. He reigned for thirty-five years before dying; his posthumous title was "Yi Wang." His son Jian succeeded him, and this is known as King Jing. He died in the twentieth year of his reign; his son Yi succeeded him, becoming King Qing. He died after thirty-six years on the throne; his son Zhonggu succeeded him and was known as King Si. He died in the twenty-eighth year of his reign, and his son Shang succeeded him; this is known as King Xiao. He died after five years on the throne, and his son Heng succeeded him. By the third year of Jianshi (136 BCE), when he was eleven years old, he also died.
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膠西王卬，齊悼惠王子，以昌平侯文帝十六年為膠西王。十一年，與吳楚反。漢擊破，殺卬，地入于漢，為膠西郡。 |
| | King Ang of Jiaoxi, a son of Prince Liu Fei (Prince Doupiao), was enfeoffed as the King of Jiaoxi in the sixteenth year [of Emperor Wen's reign] while holding the title of Marquis Changping. In the eleventh year, he joined Wu and Chu in their revolt. Han crushed them, executed Ang, and incorporated his territory into Han as Jiaoxi Commandery.
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| | 齊悼惠王... : |
膠東王雄渠，齊悼惠王子，以白石侯文帝十六年為膠東王。十一年，與吳楚反，漢擊破，殺雄渠，地入于漢，為膠東郡。太史公曰：諸侯大國無過齊悼惠王。以海內初定，子弟少，激秦之無尺土封，故大封同姓，以填萬民之心。及後分裂，固其理也。 |
| | King Xiongqu of Jiaodong, a son of Prince Liu Doupiao (Liu Fei), was enfeoffed as King Jiaodong in the sixteenth year [164 BCE] by Emperor Wen while holding the title Marquis Baishi. In the eleventh year of [Emperor Jing's reign] (157 BCE), Xiongqu joined Wu and Chu in revolt. Han crushed them, executed Xiongqu, and incorporated his territory into the Han as Jiaodong Commandery. Grand Historian Sima Qian said: Among all the feudal lords, no great state surpassed that of Prince Doupiao of Qi. Because the empire had just been pacified and there were few sons and brothers, they were motivated by the Qin dynasty's failure to grant even a single inch of land for enfeoffment. Therefore, they greatly enfeoffed their fellow surnamed relatives in order to satisfy the people's aspirations. Later on, when these states fragmented, it was an inevitable outcome.
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