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中宮天極星，其一明者，太一常居也；旁三星三公，或曰子屬。後句四星，末大星正妃，餘三星後宮之屬也。環之匡衛十二星，藩臣。皆曰紫宮。 |
| | The central palace Tianjixing, among which one is bright, is Taiyi Changju. Three stars beside it represent the Three Dukes; some say they belong to the constellation Zi. Behind them are four stars, with the last large star representing the principal queen consort; the remaining three stars represent the concubines of the imperial harem. The twelve stars surrounding and guarding them represent vassal ministers. They are all called Zigong (the Purple Palace).
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前列直斗口三星，隨北端兌，若見若不，曰陰德，或曰天一。紫宮左三星曰天槍，右五星曰天棓，後六星絕漢抵營室，曰閣道。 |
| | Three stars in front, aligned straight with the mouth of Dou, follow the northern end toward Dui; they are sometimes visible and sometimes not. They are called Yinde, or alternatively Tianyi. Three stars to the left of Zigong are called Tianqiang; five stars to the right are called Tianbai. Six stars behind them cross over the Milky Way and reach Yingshi, known as Geda (the Gallery Path).
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北斗七星，所謂「旋、璣、玉衡以齊七政」。杓攜龍角，衡殷南斗，魁枕參首。用昏建者杓；杓，自華以西南。夜半建者衡；衡，殷中州河、濟之閒。平旦建者魁；魁，海岱以東北也。斗為帝車，運于中央，臨制四鄉。分陰陽，建四時，均五行，移節度，定諸紀，皆系於斗。 |
| | The Seven Stars of Beidou are what is referred to as "Xuan, Ji, and Yuheng used to regulate the seven official duties." The Shao star carries Longjiao; Heng aligns with Nandou in the south; Kui rests at the head of Shen. At dusk, the position is established by the Shao. The Shao points from Hua to the southwest. At midnight, the position is established by Heng; Heng points between the central states of He and Ji rivers. At dawn, the position is established by Kui; Kui points toward the northeast of Hai and Dai. Dou is the emperor's chariot, moving in the center, overseeing all four directions. Dividing yin and yang, establishing the four seasons, balancing the five elements, adjusting seasonal rhythms, fixing all calendars—these are all related to Dou.
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斗魁戴匡六星曰文昌宮：一曰上將，二曰次將，三曰貴相，四曰司命，五曰司中，六曰司祿。在斗魁中，貴人之牢。魁下六星，兩兩相比者，名曰三能。三能色齊，君臣和；不齊，為乖戾。輔星明近，輔臣親彊；斥小，疏弱。 |
| | Six stars surrounding the Kui of Dou form a constellation called Wenchanggong: the first is Shangjiang, the second Cijiang, the third Guixiang, the fourth Siming, the fifth Sizhong, and the sixth Silu. Within the Kui of Dou is a prison for nobles. Six stars beneath Kui, paired two by two, are called Saneng. When the colors of Saneng are equal, ruler and minister are in harmony; If they are unequal, it signifies discord. When the Fu star is bright and close, the assistant minister is intimate and powerful; If it is distant and small, the relationship is distant and weak.
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杓端有兩星：一內為矛，招搖；一外為盾，天鋒。有句圜十五星，屬杓，曰賤人之牢。其牢中星實則囚多，虛則開出。 |
| | At the end of Shao are two stars: one inside is Mao, Zhaoyao; one outside is Dun, Tianfeng. Fifteen stars in a curved formation belong to Shao; they are called the prison of lowly people. When the stars within this prison are bright, prisoners are numerous; when dim or absent, it indicates release.
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天一、槍、棓、矛、盾動搖，角大，兵起。 |
| | If Tianyi, Qiang, Bai, Mao, and Dun stars move or tremble, with their angles expanding, it signifies the outbreak of war.
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東宮蒼龍，房、心。心為明堂，大星天王，前後星子屬。不欲直，直則天王失計。房為府，曰天駟。其陰，右驂。旁有兩星曰衿；北一星曰舝。東北曲十二星曰旗。旗中四星天市；中六星曰市樓。市中星眾者實；其虛則秏。房南眾星曰騎官。 |
| | The eastern palace Canglong includes Fang and Xin. Xin represents the Mingtang (Hall of Light), with the large star as Tianwang, and stars before and after representing his sons. They should not be straight; if they are straight, it means the heavenly king has lost control. Fang represents the government office and is called Tiansi. Its shadow, Youcan. Two stars beside it are called Jin; one star to the north is Xie. Twelve stars curving northeast are called Qi. Four stars within Qi represent Tianshi (Heavenly Market); six stars in the center are called Shilou. When many stars appear in Tianshi, it indicates abundance; if they are sparse or absent, it signifies depletion. Many stars to the south of Fang are called Qiguan (Equestrian Officials).
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左角，李；右角，將。大角者，天王帝廷。其兩旁各有三星，鼎足句之，曰攝提。攝提者，直斗杓所指，以建時節，故曰「攝提格」。亢為疏廟，主疾。其南北兩大星，曰南門。氐為天根，主疫。 |
| | The left horn is Li; the right horn is Jiang. The large horn represents the imperial court of the heavenly king. On each side are three stars, forming a tripod-like pattern; they are called Sheti. Sheti points directly to the direction indicated by Shao of Dou, establishing the seasons and times; hence it is called "Sheti Ge." Kang represents a distant temple and governs illness. The two large stars to its north and south are called Nanmen (Southern Gate). Di is the root of heaven, governing epidemics.
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尾為九子，曰君臣；斥絕，不和。箕為敖客，曰口舌。 |
| | Wei represents nine sons, symbolizing ruler and minister; If they are distant or disconnected, it signifies disharmony. Ji represents outlaws and guests, associated with disputes and words.
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火犯守角，則有戰。房、心，王者惡之也。 |
| | If fire-like stars invade or guard the horns, war will occur. Fang and Xin are considered ominous by the king.
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南宮朱鳥，權、衡。衡，太微，三光之廷。匡衛十二星，藩臣：西，將；東，相；南四星，執法；中，端門；門左右，掖門。門內六星，諸侯。其內五星，五帝坐。後聚一十五星，蔚然，曰郎位；傍一大星，將位也。月、五星順入，軌道，司其出，所守，天子所誅也。其逆入，若不軌道，以所犯命之；中坐，成形，皆群下從謀也。金、火尤甚。廷藩西有隋星五，曰少微，士大夫。權，軒轅。軒轅，黃龍體。前大星，女主象；旁小星，御者後宮屬。月、五星守犯者，如衡占。 |
| | The southern palace Zhuniao includes Quan and Heng. Heng is Taiwei, the court of the three lights (sun, moon, stars). Twelve surrounding stars represent vassal ministers: to the west are generals; to the east, are prime ministers; four stars to the south represent Zhifa (executive law); in the center is Duanmen (the Gate of Ceremony); on both sides of the gate are Yimen (side gates). Six stars inside the gate represent feudal lords. Within them are five stars representing the seats of the Five Emperors. Behind them, fifteen clustered stars appear dense and bright; they are called Langwei (positions for officials). Beside it is a large star representing the position of a general. When the moon and five planets enter in an orderly manner along their orbital paths, they oversee departures, what is guarded, and are signs of punishment by the Son of Heaven. If they enter in a disorderly manner or deviate from their orbital paths, names are assigned according to what is violated; When they appear centered and take clear form, it signifies that the group below has conspired together. Metal and fire are especially significant in this context. Five stars to the west of the court's outer wall are called Shaowei, representing scholars and officials. Quan is Xuanyuan. Xuanyuan represents the body of Huanglong (the Yellow Dragon). The large star in front symbolizes a female ruler; the small stars beside it represent attendants and the imperial concubines. When the moon or five planets guard or invade this area, their omens are interpreted as with Heng's observations.
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東井為水事。其西曲星曰鉞。鉞北，北河；南，南河；兩河、天闕閒為關梁。輿鬼，鬼祠事；中白者為質。火守南北河，兵起，穀不登。故德成衡，觀成潢，傷成鉞，禍成井，誅成質。 |
| | Dongjing governs water affairs. The curved stars to its west are called Yue. To the north of Yue is Beihe; to the south, Nanhe; The space between the two rivers Beihe and Nanhe and Tianque is called Guanliang (a pass or bridge). Yugu represents ancestral temples and rituals; The white star in the center is called Zhi. If fire-like stars guard or occupy Beihe and Nanhe, war will arise and crops will fail. Therefore, virtue is fulfilled in Heng; observation in Huang; injury in Yue; disaster in Jing; punishment in Zhi.
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柳為鳥注，主木草。七星，頸，為員官。主急事。張，素，為廚，主觴客。翼為羽翮，主遠客。 |
| | Liu represents birds' nests and governs trees and grasses. Seven stars form the neck, representing Yuanguan (circular officials). They govern urgent affairs. Zhang, Su, represents the kitchen and hosts banquets for guests. Yi is wings, governing distant guests.
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軫為車，主風。其旁有一小星，曰長沙，星星不欲明；明與四星等，若五星入軫中，兵大起。軫南眾星曰天庫樓；庫有五車。車星角若益眾，及不具，無處車馬。 |
| | Zhen represents a cart and governs wind. A small star beside it is called Changsha; stars should not be too bright; if its brightness equals that of four stars, or if the five planets enter Zhen, great war will erupt. Many stars to the south of Zhen are called Tiankulu (Celestial Granary Tower); the granary has five carts. If the stars of the cart appear sharp or increase in number, or are incomplete, it indicates a lack of carriages and horses.
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西宮咸池，曰天五潢。五潢，五帝車舍。火入，旱；金，兵；水，水。中有三柱；柱不具，兵起。 |
| | The western palace Xiantchi is called Tianwuhuang. If fire enters, drought will occur; if metal appears, war follows; water signifies water. There are three pillars in it; if the pillars are incomplete, war will arise.
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奎曰封豕，為溝瀆。婁為聚眾。胃為天倉。其南眾星曰廥積。 |
| | Kui is called Fengshi and represents ditches and canals. Lou signifies the gathering of crowds. Wei is the Celestial Granary. The many stars to its south are called Kuangji (Granaries).
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昴曰髦頭，胡星也，為白衣會。畢曰罕車，為邊兵，主弋獵。其大星旁小星為附耳。附耳搖動，有讒亂臣在側。昴、畢閒為天街。其陰，陰國；陽，陽國。 |
| | Mao is called Maotou, a Hu star, representing an assembly of commoners. Bi is called Hanchē, representing border troops and overseeing hunting with bows. The small stars beside its main star are called Fuer (attached ears). If the attached ears shake, there will be treacherous ministers nearby. Between Mao and Bi is Tiandu (the Celestial Street). Its southern side represents the Yin state; its northern side, the Yang state.
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參為白虎。三星直者，是為衡石。下有三星，兌，曰罰，為斬艾事。其外四星，左右肩股也。小三星隅置，曰觜觿，為虎首，主葆旅事。其南有四星，曰天廁。廁下一星，曰天矢。矢黃則吉；青、白、黑，凶。其西有句曲九星，三處羅：一曰天旗，二曰天苑，三曰九游。其東有大星曰狼。狼角變色，多盜賊。下有四星曰弧，直狼。狼比地有大星，曰南極老人。老人見，治安；不見，兵起。常以秋分時候之于南郊。 |
| | Shen is the White Tiger. The three stars aligned straight are called Hengshi (the Weights). Beneath them are three stars, Dui, called Fa, representing executions and punishments. The four stars outside represent the left and right shoulders and thighs. Three small stars placed at the corners are called Zuixi, representing the tiger's head and overseeing military affairs. To its south there are four stars called Tianguan (Celestial Toilets). One star beneath the toilets is called Tianzhi (Celestial Arrow). If the arrow appears yellow, it is auspicious; if green, white, or black, it is inauspicious. To its west are nine curved stars forming a hook-like shape, arranged in three clusters: the first is Tianqi (Celestial Banner), the second Tiayuan (Celestial Park), and the third Jiuyou (Nine Drifts). To its east there is a large star called Lang. If the color of Lang's horns changes, it indicates an increase in thieves and bandits. Beneath it are four stars called Hu, aligned straight with Lang. A large star near the ground compared to Lang is called Nanji Laoren (the Southern Pole Old Man). If the old man appears, it signifies peace and order; if he does not appear, war will break out. He should always be observed in the southern suburbs during the Autumnal Equinox.
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附耳入畢中，兵起。 |
| | If Fuer enters Bi, war will arise.
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北宮玄武，虛、危。危為蓋屋；虛為哭泣之事。 |
| | The northern palace Xuanwu includes Xu and Wei. Wei represents the roof of a house; Xu signifies matters related to weeping and mourning.
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其南有眾星，曰羽林天軍。軍西為壘，或曰鉞。旁有一大星為北落。北落若微亡，軍星動角益希，及五星犯北落，入軍，軍起。火、金、水尤甚：火，軍憂；水，［水］患；木、土，軍吉。危東六星，兩兩相比，曰司空。 |
| | To its south are many stars called Yulin Tianjun (Celestial Army of the Feathered Forest). To the west of the army is a formation, or it may be called Yue. Beside it there is one large star called Beiluo. If Beiluo appears faint or disappears, and the stars of the army move with their horns becoming more prominent, or if the Five Planets invade Beiluo and enter the military formation, war will erupt. Fire, metal, and water are especially significant: fire signifies concern for the army; water indicates a water disaster; wood and earth signify good fortune for the army. Six stars to the east of Wei, paired two by two, are called Sikong.
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營室為清廟，曰離宮、閣道。漢中四星，曰天駟。旁一星，曰王良。王良策馬，車騎滿野。旁有八星，絕漢，曰天潢。天潢旁，江星。江星動，人涉水。 |
| | Yingshi represents the Clear Temple, also known as Ligung and Gedaodao (Detached Palace and Gallery Path). Four stars in Hanzhong are called Tiangui. One star beside them is called Wangliang. Wangliang guiding the horse signifies carriages and cavalry filling the fields. Beside them are eight stars, separated by the Milky Way, called Tianhuang. Near Tianhuang is Jiangxing (River Star). If the river star moves, people will cross water.
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杵、臼四星，在危南。匏瓜，有青黑星守之，魚鹽貴。 |
| | Chu and Jiu (four stars) are located to the south of Wei. Paogua, if guarded by a blue-black star, signifies high prices for fish and salt.
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南斗為廟，其北建星。建星者，旗也。牽牛為犧牲。其北河鼓。河鼓大星，上將；左右，左右將。婺女，其北織女。織女，天女孫也。 |
| | Nandou represents the temple; to its north is Jianxing. Jianxing signifies a banner. Qianniu represents sacrificial animals. To its north is Hedou (the Drum of the River). The main star of Hedou represents a supreme general; the stars to its left and right represent the left and right generals. Wunv, to its north is Zhinv (Weaving Maid). Zhinv is the daughter of the Celestial Woman.
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察日、月之行以揆歲星順逆。曰東方木，主春，日甲乙。義失者，罰出歲星。歲星贏縮，以其捨命國。所在國不可伐，可以罰人。其趨舍而前曰贏，退舍曰縮。贏，其國有兵不復；縮，其國有憂，將亡，國傾敗。其所在，五星皆從而聚於一舍，其下之國可以義致天下。 |
| | Observe the movements of the sun and moon to determine whether the movement of the age star (Jupiter) is in harmony or disorder. The east is wood, governing spring, corresponding to days Jia and Yi. If righteousness is lost, punishment will come from the age star. The advancement or retreat of the age star determines the fate of the state it resides in. The country where it is located should not be attacked, but its people may be punished. If it moves ahead of the expected position, it is called ying; if it lags behind, it is called suo. Ying indicates that a country's military forces will not return; suo signifies that the country will face troubles, its leaders may perish, and the state will collapse. If all five planets gather in one position where it resides, the country beneath it can bring order to the world through righteousness.
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以攝提格歲：歲陰左行在寅，歲星右轉居丑。正月，與斗、牽牛晨出東方，名曰監德。色蒼蒼有光。其失次，有應見柳。歲早，水；晚，旱。 |
| | Using Shetige as the year: in this year, the dark star moves leftward into Yin, while the age star turns rightward and resides in Chou. In the first month, it rises with Dou and Qianniu in the east at dawn; this is called Jiande. Its color is bluish-gray with a glow. If it departs from its proper position, there will be an omen appearing in Liu (a constellation). An early year brings floods; a late year brings drought.
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歲星出，東行十二度，百日而止，反逆行；逆行八度，百日，復東行。歲行三十度十六分度之七，率日行十二分度之一，十二歲而周天。出常東方，以晨；入於西方，用昏。 |
| | When the age star appears, it moves eastward twelve degrees and stops after a hundred days, then reverses its course; it moves westward eight degrees over another hundred days before resuming its eastward movement. Each year it travels thirty degrees and seven sixteenths of a degree, averaging one twelfth of a degree per day, completing a full orbit around the sky in twelve years. It usually appears in the east at dawn; it sets in the west during dusk.
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單閼歲：歲陰在卯，星居子。以二月與婺女、虛、危晨出，曰降入。大有光。其失次，有應見張。［名曰降入］其歲大水。 |
| | The year Dan'e: the dark star is at Mao, and the age star resides at Zi. In February, it rises in the east with Wunv, Xu, and Wei; this is called Jiangru (Descending Entry). It has a very bright light. If it departs from its position, an omen will appear in Zhang (a constellation). [Called Jiangru], this year brings great floods.
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執徐歲：歲陰在辰，星居亥。以三月［居］與營室、東壁晨出，曰青章。青青甚章。其失次；有應見軫。［曰青章］歲早，旱；晚，水。 |
| | The year Zhuxu: the dark star is at Chen, and the age star resides in Hai. In March [residing], it rises with Yingshi and Dongbi at dawn; this is called Qingzhang. It appears very clearly green. If it departs from its place; an omen will appear in Zhen (a constellation). [Called Qingzhang], the year is early, with drought; late, there will be floods.
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大荒駱歲：歲陰在巳，星居戌。以四月與奎、婁［胃昴］晨出，曰跰踵。熊熊赤色，有光。其失次，有應見亢。 |
| | The year Dahuangluo: the dark star is at Si, and the age star resides in Xu. In April, it rises with Kui, Lou [Wei Mao] at dawn; this is called Pianzhong. It glows in a fiery red color, with light. If it departs from its order, an omen will appear at Kang (a constellation).
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敦牂歲：歲陰在午，星居酉。以五月與胃、昴、畢晨出，曰開明。炎炎有光。偃兵；唯利公王，不利治兵。其失次，有應見房。歲早，旱；晚，水。 |
| | The year Dunzang: the dark star is in Wu, and the age star resides in You. In May, it rises with Wei, Mao, and Bi at dawn; this is called Kaiming. It glows intensely with light. Lay down arms; only beneficial to the public and kings, not beneficial for military governance. If it departs from order, an omen will be seen in Fang (a constellation). An early year brings drought; A late year brings floods.
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協洽歲：歲陰在未，星居申。以六月與觜觿、參晨出，曰長列。昭昭有光。利行兵。其失次，有應見箕。 |
| | The year Xieqia: the dark star is at Wei, and the age star resides in Shen. In June, it rises with Zuixi and Shen at dawn; this is called Changlie. It shines clearly with light. Favorable for military campaigns. If it departs from its sequence, an omen will appear in Ji (a constellation).
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涒灘歲：歲陰在申，星居未。以七月與東井、輿鬼晨出，曰大音。昭昭白。其失次，有應見牽牛。 |
| | The year Hutan: the dark star is at Shen, and the age star resides in Wei. In July, it rises with Dongjing and Yugui at dawn; this is called Dayin. It shines clearly white. If it departs from its proper order, an omen will appear near Qianniu (a constellation).
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作鄂歲：歲陰在酉，星居午。以八月與柳、七星、張晨出，曰（為）長王。作作有芒。國其昌，熟穀。其失次，有應見危。［曰大章］有旱而昌，有女喪，民疾。 |
| | The year Zuoe: the dark star is at You, and the age star resides in Wu. In August, it rises with Liu, Qixing, and Zhang at dawn; this is called (as) Changwang. It appears active with rays or brilliance. The state will flourish, and grain will be abundant. If it departs from its regular position, an omen should appear in Wei (a constellation). [Called Dayin], there will be drought and prosperity, female deaths, and people's illnesses.
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閹茂歲：歲陰在戌，星居巳。以九月與翼、軫晨出，曰天睢。白色大明。其失次，有應見東壁。歲水，女喪。 |
| | The year Yanmao: the dark star is at Xu, and the age star resides in Si. In September, it rises with Yi and Zhen at dawn; this is called Tiansui. It shines in a bright white color. If it departs from its normal position, an omen will be visible at Dongbi (a constellation). This year brings floods and female deaths.
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大淵獻歲：歲陰在亥，星居辰。以十月與角、亢晨出，曰大章。蒼蒼然，星若躍而陰出旦，是謂「正平」。起師旅，其率必武；其國有德，將有四海。其失次，有應見婁。 |
| | The year Dayuankan: the dark star is at Hai, and the age star resides in Chen. In October, it rises with Jiao and Kang at dawn; this is called Dazhang. It appears dark blue, the stars as if leaping out in the morning darkness; this is called "Zhengping." When raising an army, its commander must be martial; if the state has virtue, it will rule over all under heaven. If it departs from its usual position, an omen appears in Lou (a constellation).
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困敦歲：歲陰在子，星居卯。以十一月與氐、房、心晨出，曰天泉。玄色甚明。江池其昌，不利起兵。其失次，有應（在）［見］昴。 |
| | The year Kundun: the dark star is at Zi, and the age star resides in Mao. In November, it rises with Di, Fang, and Xin at dawn; this is called Tianquan. It shines very clearly in a dark color. The rivers and pools will flourish, which is unfavorable for raising an army. If it departs from its due position, there should be an omen (at) [visible in] Mao.
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赤奮若歲：歲陰在丑，星居寅，以十二月與尾、箕晨出，曰天皓。黫然黑色甚明。其失次，有應見參。 |
| | The year Chifanruo: the dark star is at Chou, and the age star resides in Yin. In December, it rises with Wei and Ji at dawn; this is called Tianhao. It appears very bright in a deep black color. If it departs from its course, an omen will appear visible in Shen (a constellation).
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當居不居，居之又左右搖，未當去去之，與他星會，其國凶。所居久，國有德厚。其角動，乍小乍大，若色數變，人主有憂。 |
| | When it should be in a position but is not, or when it occupies the position and sways left and right; if it departs before its time or meets with other stars, the state will suffer misfortune. If it remains in a place for a long time, the country has deep virtue. If its horn moves, suddenly small then large, or if its color and brightness change frequently, the ruler will have worries.
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其失次舍以下，進而東北，三月生天棓，長四丈，末兌，進而東南，三月生彗星，長二丈，類彗。退而西北，三月生天欃，長四丈，末兌。退而西南，三月生天槍，長數丈，兩頭兌。謹視其所見之國，不可舉事用兵。其出如浮如沈，其國有土功；如沈如浮，其野亡。色赤而有角，其所居國昌。迎角而戰者，不勝。星色赤黃而沈，所居野大穰。色青白而赤灰，所居野有憂。歲星入月，其野有逐相；與太白斗，其野有破軍。 |
| | If it departs from the lower positions of its dwelling, moving northeastward, after three months a tianbang star will appear, four zhang long, with a dui-shaped end; if it moves southeastward, after three months an xinghui (comet-like) star will emerge, two zhang long, resembling a comet. If it retreats northwestward, after three months the tianchan star will appear, four zhang in length, with a dui-shaped tip. If it retreats southwestward, after three months the tianguang star will appear, several zhang in length, with both ends shaped like dui. Carefully observe the state where it is seen; one must not undertake military actions or wars. If its emergence appears as if floating and sinking, there will be earthworks in that country; if it seems to sink and float, the countryside will perish. If its color is red and it has horns, the country where it resides will flourish. Those who fight by confronting its horn will not win. If the star appears red-yellow and sinks, the countryside where it resides will have a great harvest. If its color is blue-white with tinges of grayish-red, there will be worries in the countryside where it appears. When the Suixing enters the moon, there will be a struggle for power among officials in that region; if it confronts Taibai (Venus), there will be defeated armies in that area.
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歲星一曰攝提，曰重華，曰應星，曰紀星。營室為清廟，歲星廟也。 |
| | The Suixing is also called Sheti, Chonghua, Yingxing, and Jixing. Yingshi represents the Qingmiao (Hall of Clarity), which is the temple of Suixing.
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察剛氣以處熒惑。曰南方火，主夏，日丙、丁。禮失，罰出熒惑，熒惑失行是也。出則有兵，入則兵散。以其捨命國。（熒惑）熒惑為勃亂，殘賊、疾、喪、饑、兵。反道二舍以上，居之，三月有殃，五月受兵，七月半亡地，九月太半亡地。因與俱出入，國絕祀。居之，殃還至，雖大當小；久而至，當小反大。其南為丈夫［喪］，北為女子喪。若角動繞環之，及乍前乍後，左右，殃益大。與他星斗，光相逮，為害；不相逮，不害。五星皆從而聚于一舍，其下國可以禮致天下。 |
| | Examine the rigid qi to determine the position of Yinghuo. It is called the Southern Fire, in charge of summer, corresponding to days Bing and Ding. When rites are neglected, punishment manifests as Yinghuo; this is when Yinghuo deviates from its course. If it appears, there will be warfare; if it disappears, the armies will disband. Its position determines the fate of a state. (Yinghuo) Yinghuo signifies disorder, destruction, disease, funerals, famine, and warfare. If it reverses its course by two positions or more and remains there, after three months calamity will occur; after five months the state will face warfare; after seven and a half months territory will be lost; after nine months most of the land will be lost. If it moves in and out together with another celestial body, the state's ancestral sacrifices will cease. If it resides there, calamity returns; even if great, it becomes small; if the calamity arrives after a long time, what was small will become large. Its southern position signifies men's funerals; its northern position signifies women's funerals. If it turns and circles around, or moves forward and backward suddenly to the left or right, the calamity becomes even greater. When it confronts other stars and their lights reach each other, harm will occur; if their lights do not meet, no harm will be done. When the five planets all follow and gather in one position, the state beneath it can bring the whole world under its rule through rites.
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法，出東行十六舍而止；逆行二舍；六旬，復東行，自所止數十舍，十月而入西方；伏行五月，出東方。其出西方曰「反明」，主命者惡之。東行急，一日行一度半。 |
| | According to law, when emerging from the east, it travels sixteen positions before stopping; then moves backward two positions; after sixty days, it resumes its eastward movement. Counting ten positions from where it stopped, after ten months it enters the west; it remains hidden for five months before emerging in the east again. Its emergence from the west is called "Fanming," which rulers dislike. When moving eastward quickly, it travels one and a half degrees per day.
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其行東、西、南、北疾也。兵各聚其下；用戰，順之勝，逆之敗。熒惑從太白，軍憂；離之，軍卻。出太白陰，有分軍；行其陽，有偏將戰。當其行，太白逮之，破軍殺將。其入守犯太微、軒轅、營室，主命惡之。心為明堂，熒惑廟也。謹候此。 |
| | Its movement to the east, west, south, and north is swift. Armies gather beneath its position; When waging war, those who follow it will triumph, while those who oppose it will suffer defeat. If Yinghuo follows Taibai, the army will be in distress; if they separate, the army will retreat. When emerging from the dark side of Taibai, there is a divided army; when moving on its bright side, there will be a battle led by a deputy general. When it is in motion and Taibai catches up with it, the army will be destroyed and generals killed. If it enters and intrudes upon Taiwei, Xuanyuan, or Yingshi, the ruler will suffer misfortune from this. Xin is the Mingtang; it is the temple of Yinghuo. Be cautious in observing this.
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歷斗之會以定填星之位。曰中央土，主季夏，日戊、己，黃帝，主德，女主象也。歲填一宿，其所居國吉。未當居而居，若已去而復還，還居之，其國得土，不乃得女。若當居而不居，既已居之，又西東去，其國失土，不乃失女，不可舉事用兵。其居久，其國福厚；易，福薄。 |
| | By recording the conjunctions of the stars, one can determine the position of Tianxing. It is called Central Earth, governing mid-summer, corresponding to the days Wu and Ji; it represents Huangdi, who embodies virtue, and symbolizes a female ruler. Each year, Tianxing resides in one mansion; the state where it dwells will experience good fortune. If it occupies a position before its time, or returns after having departed and resides there again, the state will gain territory; otherwise, it may gain women. If it should occupy a position but does not, or having occupied it moves away to the west and east, then the state will lose territory; otherwise, it may lose women. In such cases, one must not undertake military actions. The longer it resides in a position, the greater the blessings for that state; if it changes positions easily, its blessings are shallow.
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其一名曰地侯，主歲。歲行十（二）［三］度百十二分度之五，日行二十八分度之一，二十八歲周天。其所居，五星皆從而聚于一舍，其下之國，可［以］重致天下。禮、德、義、殺、刑盡失，而填星乃為之動搖。 |
| | It is also known as Dihou, and governs the year. Each year it travels thirteen degrees and five one-hundred-and-twelfths of a degree, moving at a rate of one twenty-eighth of a degree per day, completing a full circuit around the heavens in twenty-eight years. Wherever it resides, all five planets gather and follow to one mansion; the state beneath will be able to bring the whole world under its control through great authority. When rites, virtue, righteousness, punishment, and criminal justice are all lost, Tianxing will then be disturbed and agitated.
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贏，為王不寧；其縮，有軍不復。填星，其色黃，九芒，音曰黃鐘宮。其失次上二三宿曰贏，有主命不成，不乃大水。失次下二三宿曰縮，有后戚，其歲不復，不乃天裂若地動。 |
| | If it lags behind, the king will not find peace; if it retreats, an army will not return. Tianxing has a yellow color, nine rays, and its tone is Huangzhong Gong. If it falls behind by two or three star positions, it is called "ying," indicating that the ruler's plans will not succeed, or there may be a great flood. If it falls short by two or three star positions and is below its proper place, it is called "suo," indicating that there will be troubles involving the queen's relatives; in such a year, things will not return to normal, or alternatively, there may be an earthquake or a splitting of the heavens.
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斗為文太室，填星廟，天子之星也。 |
| | Dou is Wen Taishi; it is the temple for Tianxing and represents the star of the Son of Heaven.
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木星與土合，為內亂。饑，主勿用戰，敗；水則變謀而更事；火為旱；金為白衣會若水。金在南曰牝牡，年穀熟，金在北，歲偏無。火與水合為焠，與金合為鑠，為喪，皆不可舉事，用兵大敗。土為憂，主孽卿；大饑，戰敗，為北軍，軍困，舉事大敗。土與水合，穰而擁閼，有覆軍，其國不可舉事。出，亡地；入，得地。金為疾，為內兵，亡地。三星若合，其宿地國外內有兵與喪，改立公王。四星合，兵喪并起，君子憂，小人流。五星合，是為易行，有德，受慶，改立大人，掩有四方，子孫蕃昌；無德，受殃若亡。五星皆大，其事亦大；皆小，事亦小。 |
| | When Jupiter combines with Earth, internal disorder will occur. Famine will follow; the ruler should not engage in war, for it will lead to defeat; there will be floods, and plans must change with new circumstances; Fire brings drought; Metal signifies a gathering of commoners in white clothes or floods. When Metal is located to the south, it indicates harmony between male and female; the grain will be abundant. When Metal is in the north, the year's harvest will be uneven or nonexistent. When Fire combines with Water, it is called "Cui"; when combined with Metal, it is called "Shuo," both indicating mourning. In such cases, no important matters should be undertaken; waging war will result in a great defeat. Earth signifies worry and the rise of rebellious ministers; there will be great famine, battlefield defeat, a northern army in retreat, an encircled force, and any undertaking will end in major failure. When Earth combines with Water, the land becomes fertile but blocked; there may be a defeated army, and no important matters should be initiated in that state. If it emerges, territory will be lost; if it enters, territory will be gained. Metal signifies rapid events and internal warfare, resulting in the loss of territory. If three stars converge together, within or beyond the borders of the state corresponding to that mansion, there will be warfare and mourning, and a new ruler may be established. When four stars converge, war and mourning arise together; the virtuous are distressed while the unworthy scatter. When all five stars converge, it is called "Yi Xing," indicating virtue and the receipt of blessings. A great leader will be established, ruling over all directions; descendants will flourish abundantly; but if there is no virtue, calamity or downfall will follow. When all five stars are bright and large, the events they portend will also be significant; if they are small, the matters involved will also be minor.
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蚤出者為贏，贏者為客。晚出者為縮，縮者為主人。必有天應見於杓星。同舍為合。相陵為斗，七寸以內必之矣。 |
| | Those that emerge early are called "ying," and those who are ying are considered guests. Those that appear late are called "suo," and those who are suo are regarded as the hosts. There must be a celestial response visible in the Biu star. When they are in the same mansion, it is called "he." If one star dominates another, it is a sign of conflict; if within seven cun (units), this will certainly occur.
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五星色白圜，為喪旱；赤圜，則中不平，為兵；青圜，為憂水；黑圜，為疾，多死；黃圜，則吉。赤角犯我城，黃角地之爭，白角哭泣之聲，青角有兵憂，黑角則水。意，行窮兵之所終。五星同色，天下偃兵，百姓寧昌。春風秋雨，冬寒夏暑，動搖常以此。 |
| | When the five stars appear white and round, they portend mourning and drought; if red and round, their centers are uneven, indicating war; if blue-green and round, they signify sorrow and floods; if black and round, they indicate disease and many deaths; if yellow and round, it is an omen of good fortune. A red horn that invades our city signifies conflict; a yellow horn indicates disputes over land; a white horn brings the sound of weeping; a blue-green horn portends military worries; and a black horn foretells floods. Yi marks the end of where armies have exhausted their strength. When all five stars share the same color, weapons will be laid down across the land and the people will live in peace and prosperity. Spring winds and autumn rains, winter cold and summer heat—these movements are always governed by this pattern.
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填星出百二十日而逆西行，西行百二十日反東行。見三百三十日而入，入三十日復出東方。太歲在甲寅，鎮星在東壁，故在營室。 |
| | Tianxing travels east for 120 days before moving westward in retrograde motion; after traveling west for another 120 days, it turns back to the east. It remains visible for 330 days before disappearing, and reappears in the east after 30 days. When Taisu is at Jia Yin, Zhenxing is located at Dongbi, hence it appears in Yingshi.
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察日行以處位太白。曰西方，秋，（司兵月行及天矢）日庚、辛，主殺。殺失者，罰出太白。太白失行，以其捨命國。其出行十八舍二百四十日而入。入東方，伏行十一舍百三十日；其入西方，伏行三舍十六日而出。當出不出，當入不入，是謂失舍，不有破軍，必有國君之篡。 |
| | Observe the movement of the sun to determine the position of Taibai. It is associated with the west, autumn, (the month governing military affairs and the movement to Tian Shi), corresponding to the days Geng and Xin; it presides over killing. When killing is misused or lost, punishment will emerge from Taibai. If Taibai deviates from its proper course, the state corresponding to its position will suffer a loss of life or calamity. When it travels outward, it moves through eighteen star positions over 240 days before returning. Upon entering the east, it remains hidden and moves through eleven star positions for 130 days; when entering the west, it stays concealed and passes through three star positions over sixteen days before emerging again. If it should emerge but does not, or if it should enter but does not, this is called "sheshed," indicating a disruption in its course. In such cases, there will either be the destruction of an army or a coup by a state ruler.
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其紀上元，以攝提格之歲，與營室晨出東方，至角而入；與營室夕出西方，至角而入；與角晨出，入畢；與角夕出，入畢；與畢晨出，入箕；與畢夕出，入箕；與箕晨出，入柳；與箕夕出，入柳；與柳晨出，入營室；與柳夕出，入營室。凡出入東西各五，為八歲，二百二十日，復與營室晨出東方。其大率，歲一周天。其始出東方，行遲，率日半度，一百二十日，必逆行一二舍；上極而反，東行，行日一度半，一百二十日入。其庳，近日，曰明星，柔；高，遠日，曰大囂，剛。其始出西［方］，行疾，率日一度半，百二十日；上極而行遲，日半度，百二十日，旦入，必逆行一二舍而入。其庳，近日，曰大白，柔；高，遠日，曰大相，剛。出以辰、戌，入以丑、未。 |
| | Its cycle begins at Shangyuan, in the year Shetige; it rises in the east with Ying Shi at dawn and sets after reaching Jiao. It also appears in the west at dusk with Ying Shi, setting after reaching Jiao; it rises in the east together with Jiao at dawn and sets in Bi; it appears in the west together with Jiao at dusk, also setting in Bi; it rises with Bi at dawn and sets in Ji; it appears with Bi in the west at dusk, setting in Ji as well; it rises together with Ji at dawn and sets in Liu; it appears with Ji in the west at dusk and also sets in Liu. It rises together with Liu at dawn and sets in Ying Shi; it appears with Liu in the west at dusk, also setting in Ying Shi. In total, it rises and sets from east to west five times each, completing a cycle of eight years and 220 days, after which it again rises in the east at dawn with Ying Shi. Its general pattern is to complete one full circuit around the sky each year. When it first emerges in the east, its movement is slow, averaging half a degree per day; after 120 days, Taibai must retrograde by one or two star positions; After reaching its highest point in the sky, it reverses course and moves eastward again at a rate of 1.5 degrees per day; after another 120 days it will set. When it is low in the sky and near the sun, it is called Mingxing, indicating a gentle nature; when high and far from the sun, it is known as Da Xiao, signifying rigidity. When it first appears in the west, its movement is swift, averaging one and a half degrees per day for 120 days; After reaching the highest point in its path, it slows down to half a degree per day for another 120 days. At dawn, when it sets, it must retrograde by one or two positions before disappearing. When low and near the sun, it is referred to as Dabai, indicating a soft nature; when high and distant from the sun, it is named Daxiang, signifying firmness. It rises in the hours of Chen and Xu, and sets in the hours of Chou and Wei.
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當出不出，未當入而入，天下偃兵，兵在外，入。未當出而出，當入而不入，［天］下起兵，有破國。其當期出也，其國昌。其出東為東，入東為北方；出西為西，入西為南方。所居久，其鄉利；（疾）［易］，其鄉凶。 |
| | If it should rise but does not rise, or if it rises before its time; if it should set but has already set, or sets later than expected—this signifies that the world will lay down arms. If troops are stationed abroad, they will return. If it rises before its due time or sets when it should not set—this indicates that the world will mobilize armies, and there will be a country destroyed. When it appears at the appointed time, the state will flourish. If it rises in the east, it is associated with the east; if it sets in the east, it signifies the north. If it rises in the west, it corresponds to the west; if it sets in the west, it indicates the south. Wherever it remains for a long time, that region will be prosperous. If it moves quickly or changes positions easily, that direction will bring misfortune.
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出西（逆行）至東，正西國吉。出東至西，正東國吉。其出不經天；經天，天下革政。 |
| | When it rises in the west and retrogrades to the east, the country in the exact western direction will be auspicious. When it rises in the east and moves to the west, the country in the direct eastern direction will prosper. Its rising does not pass through the heavens; If it traverses the sky, a revolution in governance will occur throughout the world.
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小以角動，兵起。始出大，後小，兵弱；出小，後大，兵彊。出高，用兵深吉，淺凶；庳，淺吉，深凶。日方南金居其南，日方北金居其北，曰贏，侯王不寧，用兵進吉退凶。日方南金居其北，日方北金居其南，曰縮，侯王有憂，用兵退吉進凶。用兵象太白：太白行疾，疾行；遲，遲行。角，敢戰。動搖躁，躁。圜以靜，靜。順角所指，吉；反之，皆凶。出則出兵，入則入兵。赤角，有戰；白角，有喪；黑圜角，憂，有水事；青圜小角，憂，有木事；黃圜和角，有土事，有年。其已出三日而復，有微入，入三日乃復盛出，是謂耎，其下國有軍敗將北。其已入三日又復微出，出三日而復盛入，其下國有憂；師有糧食兵革，遺人用之；卒雖眾，將為人虜。其出西失行，外國敗；其出東失行，中國敗。其色大圜黃滜，可為好事；其圜大赤，兵盛不戰。 |
| | When small and its horn-like shape moves, war will arise. If it first appears large but later becomes small, the military power will be weak; if it initially appears small and then grows larger, the army will become strong. When it rises high in the sky, deep military campaigns bring good fortune, while shallow ones bring misfortune; when low, shallow military actions are auspicious, but deep ones are ominous. When the sun is in the south and Taibai is to its south, or when the sun is in the north and Taibai is to the north, it is called Ying. This indicates that marquises and kings will be restless; advancing with military action brings good fortune, while retreating brings misfortune. When the sun is in the south but Taibai resides to its north, or when the sun is to the north and Taibai to its south, it is called Suo. This signifies that marquises and kings have worries; retreating with military action brings good fortune while advancing brings misfortune. Military movements follow the pattern of Taibai: when Taibai moves swiftly, troops should advance quickly; when it moves slowly, they should proceed cautiously. When Taibai appears with a horn-like shape, the army dares to fight. If it wavers and moves restlessly, the troops will be in turmoil. If it appears round and still, the forces will remain calm. Following the direction indicated by its horn-like shape brings good fortune; going against it, all will be ominous. When it rises, troops are dispatched; when it sets, they return. A red-hued horn indicates the outbreak of war; a white-hued horn signifies mourning; a black and round horn indicates sorrow, with water-related calamities to follow; a blue-green, round small horn signifies worry, accompanied by events related to wood; a yellow and round harmonious horn indicates earth-related matters and a bountiful harvest. If it appears for three days and then disappears slightly, and after another three days reappears strongly, this is called Ruan. The country beneath its position will suffer a military defeat with the general retreating in disarray. If it disappears for three days, then faintly reappears, and after another three days strongly sets again, the country beneath its position will have worries; the army will have provisions, weapons, and armor left behind for others to use; although the soldiers may be numerous, their general will become a captive of others. If it rises in the west but deviates from its normal path, foreign forces will suffer defeat; if it rises in the east but strays from its course, the central kingdom will be defeated. If its color is large and round with a yellowish sheen, good events can be expected; if it appears as a large red circle, the military will be strong but avoid battle.
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太白白，比狼；赤，比心；黃，比參左肩；蒼，比參右肩；黑，比奎大星。五星皆從太白而聚乎一舍，其下之國可以兵從天下。居實，有得也；居虛，無得也。行勝色，色勝位，有位勝無位，有色勝無色，行得盡勝之。出而留桑榆閒，疾其下國。上而疾，未盡其日，過參天，疾其對國。上復下，下復上，有反將。其入月，將僇。金、木星合，光，其下戰不合，兵雖起而不鬬；合相毀，野有破軍。出西方，昏而出陰，陰兵彊；暮食出，小弱；夜半出，中弱；雞鳴出，大弱：是謂陰陷於陽。其在東方，乘明而出陽，陽兵之彊，雞鳴出，小弱；夜半出，中弱；昏出，大弱：是謂陽陷於陰。太白伏也，以出兵，兵有殃。其出卯南，南勝北方；出卯北，北勝南方；正在卯，東國利。出酉北，北勝南方；出酉南，南勝北方；正在酉，西國勝。 |
| | Taibai is white in color and resembles Lang; red corresponds to Xin; yellow matches Zuojian of Shen; blue-green corresponds to Youjian of Shen; black resembles the major star of Kui. If all five planets gather with Taibai in one star position, the country beneath it can lead a military campaign to conquer the world. When it resides in its proper place, there will be gains; when it occupies an empty position, nothing is to be gained. Movement overpowers color; color overpowers position. A position with power surpasses one without, and a presence of color surpasses its absence. Movement achieves the greatest victory in all cases. When it rises but lingers between Sangyu, it brings swift calamity to the country below. If it ascends quickly and does not complete its course for the day, passing over Shen Tian, it will bring swift disaster to the opposing country. When it rises again after setting, or sets again after rising, a general will rebel. If it enters the moon's position, generals will suffer disgrace. When Taibai and Mu Xing converge with bright light, warfare in the region beneath them will not be coordinated; even if armies are mobilized, they will not engage in battle. If they converge but destroy each other, there will be a shattered army in the fields. When it rises from the west at dusk and appears in darkness, the hidden forces are strong; if it emerges after sunset, it is small and weak; if it appears at midnight, its strength is moderate; if it rises at cockcrow, it becomes very weak: this is called Yin sinking into Yang. When in the east and rising with daylight, its yang forces are strong; if it rises at cockcrow, they are small and weak; if it appears at midnight, their strength is moderate; if it rises at dusk, they become very weak: this is called Yang sinking into Yin. When Taibai is hidden and an army is dispatched, the campaign will suffer misfortune. If it rises to the south of Mao, the southern forces will triumph over the northern ones; if it appears to the north of Mao, the northern forces will prevail over the southern ones; If it is directly at Mao, the eastern country will benefit. When it rises to the north of You, northern forces triumph over southern ones; when it appears to the south of You, southern forces prevail over northern ones; if it is exactly at You, the western country will be victorious.
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其與列星相犯，小戰；五星，大戰。其相犯，太白出其南，南國敗；出其北，北國敗。行疾，武；不行，文。色白五芒，出蚤為月蝕，晚為天夭及彗星，將發其國。出東為德，舉事左之迎之，吉。出西為刑，舉事右之背之，吉。反之皆凶。太白光見景，戰勝。晝見而經天，是謂爭明，彊國弱，小國彊，女主昌。 |
| | When Taibai collides with other stars, minor battles occur; if it conflicts with the five planets, major wars will take place. When they collide and Taibai appears to their south, the southern country is defeated; if it emerges to their north, the northern country will be vanquished. If its movement is rapid, it signifies martial strength; if it remains still, it indicates civil governance. If its color is white with five rays, appearing early signifies a lunar eclipse; if late, it indicates an omen of celestial calamity or comet, and war will erupt in that country. When it rises in the east as a sign of virtue, undertaking actions by moving to its left and welcoming it brings good fortune. When it appears in the west as an omen of punishment, undertaking affairs by moving to its right and facing away from it brings auspiciousness. Doing the opposite will bring misfortune in all cases. When Taibai's light is clearly visible, victory in battle is achieved. If it appears during the day and traverses the sky, this is called Zhengming; a strong country will weaken, a small one will grow powerful, and female rulers will flourish.
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亢為疏廟，太白廟也。太白，大臣也，其號上公。其他名殷星、太正、營星、觀星、宮星、明星、大衰、大澤、終星、大相、天浩、序星、月緯。大司馬位謹候此。 |
| | Kang represents Shumiao, which is the temple of Taibai. Taibai symbolizes a high-ranking minister; its title is Shanggong (Grand Public). Its other names include Yin Xing, Tai Zheng, Ying Xing, Guan Xing, Gong Xing, Ming Xing, Da Shuai, Da Ze, Zhong Xing, Da Xiang, Tian Hao, Xu Xing, and Yue Wei. The Grand Marshal must carefully observe these positions.
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察日辰之會，以治辰星之位。曰北方水，太陰之精，主冬，日壬、癸。刑失者，罰出辰星，以其宿命國。 |
| | Carefully examine the conjunctions of the sun and the hours to determine the position of Chen Xing. It is associated with water in the north, the essence of Taiyin, governing winter, corresponding to the days Ren and Gui. When punishment for a crime is unjustly administered, retribution will manifest through Chen Xing, affecting the country according to its constellation's position.
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是正四時：仲春春分，夕出郊奎、婁、胃東五舍，為齊；仲夏夏至，夕出郊東井、輿鬼、柳東七舍，為楚；仲秋秋分，夕出郊角、亢、氐、房東四舍，為漢；仲冬冬至，晨出郊東方，與尾、箕、斗、牽牛俱西，為中國。其出入常以辰、戌、丑、未。 |
| | This establishes the four seasons: in Zhongchun (the second month), during Chunfen, it appears at dusk beyond Jiao, Kui, Lou, and Wei's eastern five dwellings, representing Qi; in Zhongxia (the fourth month), during Xiazhi, it appears at dusk east of Dongjing, Yuguǐ, and Liu's eastern seven dwellings, representing Chu; in Zhongqiu (the sixth month), during Qiufen, it appears at dusk in Jiao, Kang, Di, and Fang's eastern four dwellings, representing Han; in Zhongdong (the eighth month), during Dongzhi, it appears in the morning at the eastern suburbs, together with Wei, Ji, Dou, and Qianniu moving westward, representing China. Its appearances and disappearances are usually associated with the hours of Chen, Xu, Chou, and Wei.
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其蚤，為月蝕；晚，為彗星及天夭。其時宜效不效為失，追兵在外不戰。一時不出，其時不和；四時不出，天下大饑。其當效而出也，色白為旱，黃為五穀熟，赤為兵，黑為水。出東方，大而白，有兵於外，解。常在東方，其赤，中國勝；其西而赤，外國利。無兵於外而赤，兵起。其與太白俱出東方，皆赤而角，外國大敗，中國勝；其與太白俱出西方，皆赤而角，外國利。五星分天之中，積于東方，中國利；積于西方，外國用［兵］者利。五星皆從辰星而聚于一舍，其所捨之國可以法致天下。辰星不出，太白為客；其出，太白為主。出而與太白不相從，野雖有軍，不戰。出東方，太白出西方；若出西方，太白出東方，為格，野雖有兵不戰。失其時而出，為當寒反溫，當溫反寒。當出不出，是謂擊卒，兵大起。其入太白中而上出，破軍殺將，客軍勝；下出，客亡地。辰星來抵太白，太白不去，將死。正旗上出，破軍殺將，客勝；下出，客亡地。視旗所指，以命破軍。其繞環太白，若與鬬，大戰，客勝。兔過太白，閒可椷劍，小戰，客勝。兔居太白前，軍罷；出太白左，小戰；摩太白，有數萬人戰，主人吏死；出太白右，去三尺，軍急約戰。青角，兵憂；黑角，水。赤行窮兵之所終。 |
| | If it appears too early, it signifies a lunar eclipse; if it appears too late, it indicates the appearance of a comet or celestial calamity. If its timing is appropriate but does not manifest as expected, this signifies failure; if troops are stationed outside but do not engage in battle, it also indicates failure. If it does not appear for one season, that season will be disharmonious; if it does not appear in all four seasons, a great famine will occur throughout the land. When its appearance is expected and it does appear, if its color is white, drought will follow; if yellow, the five grains will ripen well; if red, war will occur; and if black, floods will come. If it appears in the east, large and white, there will be troops abroad, but they will disband. If it is constantly present in the east and its color is red, China will achieve victory; if it appears to the west and is red, foreign countries will benefit. If there are no troops abroad yet it appears red, war will break out. When it and Taibai both appear in the east together, both are red and form a horn-like configuration; this signifies a great defeat for foreign countries and victory for China; when it and Taibai appear together in the west, both red and forming horns, this benefits foreign countries. When the Five Planets are distributed among the heavens and gather in the east, China will benefit; if they gather in the west, those foreign countries employing [military forces] will gain advantage. When all Five Planets follow Chen Xing and gather in one dwelling, the country where that dwelling is located can establish laws to govern the entire world. If Chen Xing does not appear, Taibai becomes the guest; when it appears, Taibai is the host. If it appears but does not accompany Taibai, although there may be armies in the field, no battle will take place. When Chen Xing appears in the east and Taibai appears in the west; or if Chen Xing emerges from the west while Taibai rises from the east, this is termed "ge," and although there may be troops in the field, no fighting will occur. If it appears at an inappropriate time, it indicates a reversal of seasons: when cold is expected, warmth occurs; and when warmth is expected, cold follows. When its appearance should occur but does not, this is called "jicu," indicating a sudden outbreak of large-scale warfare. If it enters the midst of Taibai and then emerges above, this signifies the shattering of an army and the killing of generals; the guest forces will triumph. If it exits below, the guest force will lose territory. When Chen Xing approaches Taibai and Taibai does not move away, a general will die. If it rises above the standard of righteousness, this indicates the destruction of an army and killing of generals; the guest force wins; if it emerges below, the guest forces will lose territory. Observe which direction the standard points to determine which army is destined for defeat. If it circles around Taibai or engages in a confrontation with it, this signifies a great battle where the guest force will prevail. When Tu passes by Taibai, there is an opportunity to sheath one's sword; this indicates a minor battle in which the guest force will win. If Tu resides before Taibai, the army will disband; if it appears to the left of Taibai, a minor battle will occur; If it touches Taibai, tens of thousands will fight in battle and the host's officials will die; if it appears to the right of Taibai at a distance of three chi (about 1 meter), the army will urgently prepare for battle. A green horn signifies military worries; a black horn indicates floods. A red movement marks the end of a campaign exhausting military forces.
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兔七命，曰小正、辰星、天欃、安周星、細爽、能星、鉤星。其色黃而小，出而易處，天下之文變而不善矣。兔五色，青圜憂，白圜喪，赤圜中不平，黑圜吉。赤角犯我城，黃角地之爭，白角號泣之聲。 |
| | Tu has seven names: Xiaozheng, Chen Xing, Tianchan, Anzhou Xing, Xi Shuang, Neng Xing, and Gou Xing. If its color is yellow and it appears small, emerging in an easy position, this signifies that the cultural order of the world will change for the worse. Tu appears in five colors: a green circle brings worry, a white circle signifies mourning, a red circle indicates unrest within the center, and a black circle is auspicious. A red horn invading our city brings war; a yellow horn signifies territorial disputes; a white horn heralds wailing and weeping.
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其出東方，行四舍四十八日，其數二十日，而反入于東方；其出西方，行四舍四十八日，其數二十日，而反入于西方。其一候之營室、角、畢、箕、柳。出房、心閒，地動。 |
| | When it appears in the east, it travels through four dwellings over forty-eight days; after twenty of those days, it will return into the eastern sky; when it appears in the west, it travels through four dwellings for forty-eight days and returns to the western sky after twenty of those days. Its first watch is at Ying Shi, Jiao, Bi, Ji, and Liu. If it appears between Fang and Xin, an earthquake will occur on earth.
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辰星之色：春，青黃；夏，赤白；秋，青白，而歲熟；冬，黃而不明。即變其色，其時不昌。春不見，大風，秋則不實。夏不見，有六十日之旱，月蝕。秋不見，有兵，春則不生。冬不見，陰雨六十日，有流邑，夏則不長。 |
| | The color of Chen Xing: in spring, green-yellow; in summer, red-white; in autumn, green-white, and the year's harvest will be good; in winter, yellow but not bright. If its color changes unexpectedly, that season will not flourish. If it does not appear in spring, a great wind will occur; if it does not appear in autumn, the harvest will be poor. If it does not appear in summer, there will be a drought lasting sixty days and a lunar eclipse. If it does not appear in autumn, war will arise; if it does not appear in spring, crops will fail to grow. If it does not appear in winter, there will be continuous rain for sixty days and displaced settlements; if it does not appear during summer, crops will fail to thrive.
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角、亢、氐，兗州。房、心，豫州。尾、箕，幽州。斗，江、湖。牽牛、婺女，楊州。虛、危，青州。營室至東壁，并州。奎、婁、胃，徐州。昴、畢，冀州。觜觿、參，益州。東井、輿鬼，雍州。柳、七星、張，三河。翼、軫，荊州。 |
| | Jiao, Kang, and Di correspond to Yanzhou. Fang and Xin correspond to Yuzhou. Wei and Ji correspond to Youzhou. Dou corresponds to the rivers and lakes (Jianghu). Qianniu and Wuniu correspond to Yangzhou. Xu and Wei correspond to Qingzhou. Yingshi through Dongbi corresponds to Bingzhou. Kui, Lou, and Wei correspond to Xuzhou. Mao and Bi correspond to Jizhou. Zui Xi and Shen correspond to Yizhou. Dongjing and Yugui correspond to Yongzhou. Liu, Qixing, and Zhang correspond to Sanhe. Yi and Zhen correspond to Jingzhou.
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七星為員官，辰星廟，蠻夷星也。 |
| | Qixing represents Yuanguan, the temple of Chen Xing, which is also a star associated with the southern and northern barbarians.
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兩軍相當，日暈；暈等，力鈞；厚長大，有勝；薄短小，無勝。重抱大破無。抱為和，背［為］不和，為分離相去。直為自立，立侯王；（指暈）［破軍］（若曰）殺將。負且戴，有喜。圍在中，中勝；在外，外勝。青外赤中，以和相去；赤外青中，以惡相去。氣暈先至而後去，居軍勝。先至先去，前利後病；後至後去，前病後利；後至先去，前後皆病，居軍不勝。見而去，其發疾，雖勝無功。見半日以上，功大。白虹屈短，上下兌，有者下大流血。日暈制勝，近期三十日，遠期六十日。 |
| | When two armies are evenly matched, a solar halo appears; if the halos are equal in size, their strength is balanced; a thick, long, and large halo indicates a victory will be achieved; a thin, short, and small halo means there will be no victory. A double embrace indicates a complete defeat with nothing remaining. An embracing formation signifies harmony; if they are positioned in opposition [this is] disharmony, indicating separation and distance from each other. A straight alignment indicates self-establishment, the rise of marquises or kings; the destruction of an army (or) the killing of a general. If it carries both above and below, there will be good news. When the halo encircles the center, the central force wins; if it surrounds the outside, the outer forces win. A green halo on the outside and a red one in the center indicates peaceful separation; a red halo on the outside with a green one at the center signifies hostile parting. If the atmospheric halo appears first and then disappears, the army that remains will win. If it arrives first and departs first, there is initial benefit but later harm; if it arrives last and leaves last, the beginning brings hardship while the end brings advantage. If it arrives later but departs earlier, both front and rear suffer, and the army that remains cannot win. If it appears briefly and then disappears quickly, its onset is sudden; even if victory is achieved, no great merit will be gained. If it remains visible for more than half a day, the achievement will be significant. A white rainbow that is bent and short, with both ends rounded, indicates heavy bloodshed below if it appears. The halo around the sun determines victory; its near-term effect lasts thirty days, and its long-term influence sixty days.
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其食，食所不利；復生，生所利；而食益盡，為主位。以其直及日所宿，加以日時，用命其國也。 |
| | When it is consumed (eclipsed), those who are harmed are those for whom it was unfavorable; when it reappears, those who benefit are those for whom it is favorable. And if the eclipse becomes more complete, it signifies the position of the ruler. Determine its straight alignment and the constellation where the sun resides at that time; add to this the date and hour, and thus assign a fate to the state.
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月行中道，安寧和平。陰閒，多水，陰事。外北三尺，陰星。北三尺，太陰，大水，兵。陽閒，驕恣。陽星，多暴獄。太陽，大旱喪也。角、天門，十月為四月，十一月為五月，十二月為六月，水發，近三尺，遠五尺。犯四輔，輔臣誅。行南北河，以陰陽言，旱水兵喪。 |
| | When the moon travels along the central path, peace and tranquility prevail. If it passes through a dark interval, there will be much water and secret affairs. Three chi to the north outside indicates a dark star. Three chi directly north signifies Taiyin, great floods, and military conflict. If it passes through a bright interval, arrogance and indulgence will prevail. A bright star indicates many sudden or unjust imprisonments. Taiyang signifies a great drought and mourning. lø If the moon passes through Jiao or Tianmen, in the tenth month it corresponds to April, in the eleventh month to May, and in the twelfth month to June; this brings floods. If it is close by, within three chi; if distant, five chi. If it transgresses Si Fu, the assistant ministers will be executed. When the moon moves along the northern and southern rivers, interpreted in terms of yin and yang, it indicates droughts, floods, military conflict, or mourning.
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月蝕歲星，其宿地，饑若亡。熒惑也亂，填星也下犯上，太白也彊國以戰敗，辰星也女亂。（食）［蝕］大角，主命者惡之；心，則為內賊亂也；列星，其宿地憂。 |
| | If the moon eclipses Chushen (Jupiter), the region corresponding to its constellation will suffer famine or face destruction. Fenghuo signifies disorder; Tianxing indicates subordinates rebelling against superiors; Taibai means a powerful state suffers defeat in war; and Chensheng signifies female chaos. An eclipse of Dajiao is an ill omen for the ruler's life. If it occurs at Xin, there will be internal thieves and disorder; For other stars, the region corresponding to their constellation will suffer worry.
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月食始日，五月者六，六月者五，五月復六，六月者一，而五月者五，凡百一十三月而復始。故月蝕，常也；日蝕，為不臧也。甲、乙，四海之外，日月不占。丙、丁，江、淮、海岱也。戊、己，中州、河、濟也。庚、辛，華山以西。壬、癸，恒山以北。日蝕，國君；月蝕，將相當之。 |
| | When a lunar eclipse begins, in the fifth month there are six occurrences and in the sixth month five. The fifth month again has six, while the sixth has one; then the fifth has five. In total, after 113 months it returns to its starting point. Therefore, a lunar eclipse is an ordinary occurrence; a solar eclipse signifies something ominous. For the days Jia and Yi, events beyond the four seas are not predicted by the sun or moon. For Bing and Ding, it refers to the regions of Jiang, Huai, Hai, and Dai. For Wu and Ji, it pertains to Zhongzhou, He, and Ji rivers. Geng and Xin refer to the area west of Huashan Mountain. Ren and Gui pertain to the region north of Hengshan Mountain. A solar eclipse portends a disaster for the national ruler; a lunar eclipse corresponds to an equivalent calamity befalling generals or high-ranking officials.
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國皇星，大而赤，狀類南極。所出，其下起兵，兵彊；其沖不利。 |
| | The Guohuang Xing is large and red, its appearance resembling the South Pole Star. Wherever it appears, a military force will rise below it, and that army will be strong; its opposite direction is unfavorable.
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| | 天官書: |
昭明星，大而白，無角，乍上乍下。所出國，起兵，多變。 |
| | The Zhaoming Xing is large and white, without horns, appearing suddenly high or low. The country from which it appears will raise an army, and there will be many changes.
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| | 天官書: |
五殘星，出正東東方之野。其星狀類辰星，去地可六丈。 |
| | The Wucan Xing appears in the eastern field to the east of due east. Its appearance resembles that of Chensheng, and it is about six zhang above the ground.
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| | 天官書: |
大賊星，出正南南方之野。星去地可六丈，大而赤，數動，有光。 |
| | The Dazai Xing appears in the southern field to the south of due south. This star is about six zhang from the ground, large and red, frequently moving with a bright glow.
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| | 天官書: |
司危星，出正西西方之野。星去地可六丈，大而白，類太白。 |
| | The Siwei Xing appears in the western field to the west of due west. This star is about six zhang above ground, large and white, resembling Taibai.
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| | 天官書: |
獄漢星，出正北北方之野。星去地可六丈，大而赤，數動，察之中青。此四野星所出，出非其方，其下有兵，沖不利。 |
| | The Yuhan Xing appears in the northern field to the north of due north. This star is about six zhang away from the ground, large and red; it moves frequently, and upon close observation appears bluish in the center. These four stars appearing from their respective directions are normal; if they appear elsewhere, it indicates military conflict below, and the opposite direction will be unfavorable.
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| | 天官書: |
四填星，所出四隅，去地可四丈。 |
| | The Sitan Xing appear from the four corners of the sky, about four zhang above ground.
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| | 天官書: |
地維咸光，亦出四隅，去地可三丈，若月始出。所見，下有亂；亂者亡，有德者昌。 |
| | Dwei Xianguang also appears in the four corners, about three zhang from the earth, resembling a newly risen moon. Wherever it is seen, there will be disorder below; those in chaos will perish, while those with virtue will flourish.
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| | 天官書: |
燭星，狀如太白，其出也不行。見則滅。所燭者，城邑亂。 |
| | The Zhu Xing resembles Taibai in appearance; when it appears, it does not move. If seen, destruction will follow. The city or town where it appears will experience chaos.
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| | 天官書: |
如星非星，如雲非雲，命曰歸邪。歸邪出，必有歸國者。 |
| | It looks like a star but is not a star, and resembles a cloud yet is not a cloud; it is called Guiye. When Guiye appears, there will certainly be someone returning to their homeland or country.
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| | 天官書: |
星者，金之散氣，［其］本曰火。星眾，國吉；少則凶。 |
| | Stars are the scattered qi of metal; their origin is fire. An abundance of stars indicates good fortune for a country; a scarcity signifies misfortune.
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| | 天官書: |
漢者，亦金之散氣，其本曰水。漢，星多，多水，少則旱，其大經也。 |
| | The Han (Milky Way) is also the scattered qi of metal, with its origin in water. When there are many stars in the Han, it means much rain; few stars indicate drought—this is a fundamental principle.
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| | 天官書: |
天鼓，有音如雷非雷，音在地而下及地。其所往者，兵發其下。 |
| | Tian Gu produces a sound like thunder but not actual thunder, the sound originating from above and reaching down to the earth. Wherever it occurs, military forces will be mobilized below that location.
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| | 天官書: |
天狗，狀如大奔星，有聲，其下止地，類狗。所墮及，望之如火光炎炎沖天。其下圜如數頃田處，上兌者則有黃色，千里破軍殺將。 |
| | Tiangou appears like a large rushing star with sound; where it stops on the ground resembles a dog. Wherever it falls, looking at it seems like fiery flames surging into the sky. The area beneath it is round and as large as several qing of farmland; if its upper part is rounded, there will be a yellow coloration, indicating the destruction of an army and the killing of generals within a thousand li.
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| | 天官書: |
格澤星者，如炎火之狀。黃白，起地而上。下大，上兌。其見也，不種而穫；不有土功，必有大害。 |
| | The Geze Xing appears like a flame of fire. It is yellow and white in color, rising from the ground upward. Broad at the bottom and rounded on top. When it appears, crops will be harvested without being sown; if there is no earth-related labor or construction, there must be great harm.
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| | 天官書: |
蚩尤之旗，類彗而後曲，象旗。見則王者征伐四方。 |
| | The Chiyou Zhi Qi resembles a comet but curves backward, like the shape of a banner. When it appears, the ruler will wage war in all directions.
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| | 天官書: |
旬始，出於北斗旁，狀如雄雞。其怒，青黑，象伏鱉。 |
| | Xunshi appears near the Big Dipper and looks like a rooster. When it is angry, it turns blue-black in color, resembling a crouching turtle.
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| | 天官書: |
枉矢，類大流星，蛇行而倉黑，望之如有毛羽然。 |
| | Wangshi resembles a large meteor, moving like a snake with a dark blue-black color; looking at it appears as if it has feathers.
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| | 天官書: |
長庚，如一匹布著天。此星見，兵起。 |
| | Changgeng appears in the sky like a piece of cloth one chi wide. When this star is seen, war will arise.
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| | 天官書: |
星墜至地，則石也。河、濟之閒，時有墜星。 |
| | If a star falls to the ground, it becomes stone. Between the He and Ji rivers, there are occasionally falling stars.
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| | 天官書: |
天精而見景星。景星者，德星也。其狀無常，常出於有道之國。 |
| | When Heaven is pure, the Jing Xing becomes visible. The Jing Xing is a star of virtue. Its appearance has no fixed form, and it usually appears in a virtuous state.
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| | 天官書: |
凡望雲氣，仰而望之，三四百里；平望，在桑榆上，千餘［里］二千里；登高而望之，下屬地者三千里。雲氣有獸居上者，勝。 |
| | Generally, when observing clouds and qi, looking upward allows one to see about three or four hundred li; when viewed at eye level, above the mulberry trees, it can be seen for more than a thousand and up to two thousand li; from an elevated position, one may see as far as three thousand li downward. If cloud formations have the shape of beasts above them, it indicates victory.
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| | 天官書: |
自華以南，氣下黑上赤。嵩高、三河之郊，氣正赤。恒山之北，氣下黑下青。勃、碣、海、岱之閒，氣皆黑。江、淮之閒，氣皆白。 |
| | South of Huashan, the qi is dark below and red above. In the suburbs of Songgao and Sanhe, the qi appears purely red. To the north of Hengshan Mountain, the qi is black above and green below. Between Bo, Jie, Hai, and Dai, the qi is all black. Between the Jiang and Huai rivers, the qi is all white.
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| | 天官書: |
徒氣白。土功氣黃。車氣乍高乍下，往往而聚。騎氣卑而布。卒氣摶。前卑而後高者，疾；前方而後高者，兌；後兌而卑者，卻。其氣平者其行徐。前高而後卑者，不止而反。氣相遇者，卑勝高，兌勝方。氣來卑而循車通者，不過三四日，去之五六里見。氣來高七八尺者，不過五六日，去之十餘里見。氣來高丈餘二丈者，不過三四十日，去之五六十里見。 |
| | The qi of Tu is white. The qi from earthworks is yellow. The qi of chariots rises and falls, gathering here and there. The qi of cavalry is low and spread out. The qi of infantry troops is compacted. If the qi is low in front and high at the back, it indicates speed; if the qi is level in front and higher at the back, it signifies a breakthrough; If the qi behind is broken but low, it indicates retreat. Where the qi is even, the movement is slow. If the qi is high in front and low at the back, the force will not stop but turn back. When qi meets, the lower overcomes the higher, and the broken (qi) overcomes the square (qi). If the approaching qi is low and follows the chariot path, it will not take more than three or four days to arrive, becoming visible within five or six li. If the approaching qi rises seven or eight chi high, it will not take more than five or six days to arrive, becoming visible from over ten li away. If the approaching qi rises more than one zhang and up to two zhang high, it will not take over thirty or forty days to arrive, becoming visible fifty or sixty li away.
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| | 天官書: |
稍云精白者，其將悍，其士怯。其大根而前絕遠者，當戰。青白，其前低者，戰勝；其前赤而仰者，戰不勝。陣雲如立垣。杼雲類杼。軸雲摶兩端兌。杓雲如繩者，居前亙天，其半半天。其蛪者類闕旗故。鉤雲句曲。諸此雲見，以五色合占。而澤摶密，其見動人，乃有占；兵必起，合斗其直。 |
| | If the clouds are slightly white and refined, the general is fierce but the soldiers are timid. Those with large roots extending far ahead will face battle. If the qi is blue-white and low in front, it means victory in battle; If the qi ahead is red and rising upward, it indicates defeat in battle. Formation clouds appear like standing walls. Zhu Yun resembles a loom beam. Zhou Yun is compacted at both ends and broken. Biao Yun resembling a rope stretches ahead across the sky, half of it reaching halfway up the heavens. Those that flicker resemble broken banners by nature. Gou Yun is curved like a hook. All these cloud formations, when seen, should be interpreted in combination with the five colors. If they are dense and moist, their appearance stirring people's emotions, then there is an omen; war will surely arise, aligning with the straight line of combat.
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王朔所候，決於日旁。日旁雲氣，人主象。皆如其形以占。 |
| | Wang Shuo's observations awaited signs from beside the sun. Clouds and qi around the sun symbolize the image of a ruler. They are all interpreted according to their forms.
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| | 天官書: |
故北夷之氣如群畜穹閭，南夷之氣類舟船幡旗。大水處，敗軍場，破國之虛，下有積錢，金寶之上，皆有氣，不可不察。海旁蜄氣象樓臺；廣野氣成宮闕然。雲氣各象其山川人民所聚積。 |
| | Therefore, the qi of northern barbarians resembles herds of livestock under a canopy, while the qi of southern barbarians is like boats, banners, and flags. In areas where great floods have occurred, on battlefields of defeated armies and the ruins of destroyed states, if there are accumulated coins or treasures beneath, all will emit qi; these must not be overlooked. Along the seashore, mirage-like qi resembles towers and pavilions; In vast plains, the qi forms like palaces and gates. Clouds and qi resemble the mountains, rivers, and concentrations of people and goods in their respective regions.
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| | 天官書: |
故候息秏者，入國邑，視封疆田疇之正治，城郭室屋門戶之潤澤，次至車服畜產精華。實息者，吉；虛秏者，凶。 |
| | Therefore, those who observe signs of prosperity or decline enter a state or town and examine the proper governance of borders and fields, the moisture and luster of city walls, houses, doors, and windows; next they assess the quality of chariots, clothing, livestock, and produce. If there is prosperity and vitality, it is auspicious; if there is emptiness and decline, it is inauspicious.
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| | 天官書: |
若煙非煙，若雲非雲，郁郁紛紛，蕭索輪囷，是謂卿雲。卿雲［見］，喜氣也。若霧非霧，衣冠而不濡，見則其域被甲而趨。 |
| | If it resembles smoke but is not smoke, or clouds but are not clouds—dense and swirling, yet sparse and wheel-like—it is called Qingyun. The appearance of Qingyun signifies auspicious qi. If it resembles mist but is not mist, covering clothing and hats without making them damp, its appearance indicates that the region will be clad in armor and rushing into action.
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| | 天官書: |
（天）［夫］雷電、蝦虹、辟歷、夜明者，陽氣之動者也，春夏則發，秋冬則藏，故候者無不司之。 |
| | (Heaven) Fu leidian, xia hong, pilv, and yeming are manifestations of yang qi in motion. They appear in spring and summer but remain hidden in autumn and winter; therefore, observers never fail to monitor them.
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| | 天官書: |
天開縣物，地動坼絕。山崩及徙，川塞谿垘；水澹（澤竭）地長，［澤竭］見象。城郭門閭，閨臬［枯槁］槁枯；宮廟邸第，人民所次。謠俗車服，觀民飲食。五穀草木，觀其所屬。倉府廄庫，四通之路。六畜禽獸，所產去就；魚鱉鳥鼠，觀其所處。鬼哭若呼，其人逢俉。化言，誠然。 |
| | When Heaven opens and suspends objects, the Earth shakes and cracks apart. Mountains collapse or shift, rivers are blocked by gullies and ridges; water recedes (lakes dry up) while the land expands, [lake drying] reveals omens. City walls and gates, as well as courtyards and standards, wither and dry up; Palaces, temples, mansions, and dwellings are where people reside. Songs, customs, chariots, and clothing reflect the observation of a people's food and drink. Grains and grasses are observed according to their categories. Granaries, treasuries, stables, and storage houses lie along the four major roads. Six domestic animals and wild beasts indicate where they are produced or abandon. Fish, turtles, birds, and rats reflect the conditions of their habitats. If ghosts wail or cry out as if calling, it means people will encounter misfortune. Transformed words are indeed true.
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| | 天官書: |
凡候歲美惡，謹候歲始。歲始或冬至日，產氣始萌。臘明日，人眾卒歲，一會飲食，發陽氣，故曰初歲。正月旦，王者歲首；立春日，四時之（卒）始也。四始者，候之日。 |
| | To observe whether a year will be good or bad, one must carefully watch the beginning of the year. The start of the year may coincide with the winter solstice, when productive qi begins to sprout. On the day after the winter solstice, people gather at year's end for a communal meal and release yang qi; thus it is called the beginning of the new year. The first day of the first lunar month marks the beginning of the ruler's reign; The Day of Lichun is the start of the four seasons. These four beginnings are the days for observation.
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| | 天官書: |
而漢魏鮮集臘明正月旦決八風。風從南方來，大旱；西南，小旱；西方，有兵；西北，戎菽為，小雨，趣兵；北方，為中歲；東北，為上歲；東方，大水；東南，民有疾疫，歲惡。故八風各與其沖對，課多者為勝。多勝少，久勝亟，疾勝徐。旦至食，為麥；食至日昳，為稷；昳至餔，為黍；餔至下餔，為菽；下餔至日入，為麻。欲終日（有雨）有雲，有風，有日。日當其時者，深而多實；無雲有風日，當其時，淺而多實；有雲風，無日，當其時，深而少實；有日，無雲，不風，當其時者稼有敗。如食頃，小敗；熟五斗米頃，大敗。則風復起，有雲，其稼復起。各以其時用雲色占種（其）所宜。其雨雪若寒，歲惡。 |
| | And in the Han and Wei dynasties, officials gathered on the day after the winter solstice and the first day of the lunar year to determine the eight winds. If wind comes from the south, there will be a great drought; from the southwest, a minor drought; from the west, there will be military conflict; from the northwest, grain and beans flourish, light rain falls, and troops move quickly; from the north, it marks the middle of the year; from the northeast, it signifies a good year; from the east, there will be great floods; from the southeast, people suffer from epidemics and it is a bad year. Therefore, each of the eight winds corresponds to its opposite direction; the one with more occurrences prevails. More overcomes less, long-lasting overcomes frequent, and swift overcomes slow. From dawn to the time of a meal marks the period for wheat; from the mealtime to afternoon marks millet; from afternoon to late afternoon marks broomcorn millet; from late afternoon to the time of evening meal marks beans; From the evening mealtime until sunset marks hemp. One should observe throughout the day for clouds, wind, and sunlight (or rain). If the sun appears at its proper time, it indicates depth and abundant results; if there are no clouds but wind on a day when the sun should appear at its proper time, the result is shallow yet fruitful; if there are clouds and wind but no sunlight on a day when it should appear at its proper time, then the result will be deep but with few fruits; if there is sunlight without clouds or wind on a day when it appears at its proper time, crops may suffer damage. If this lasts for the duration of a meal, there will be minor damage; if it lasts as long as it takes to cook five dou of rice, there will be major damage. Then the wind rises again, clouds appear, and the crops recover. At each respective time, use the color of clouds to determine what is suitable for planting. If there is rain, snow, or cold weather, it indicates a poor harvest year.
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| | 天官書: |
是日光明，聽都邑人民之聲。聲宮，則歲善，吉；商，則有兵；徵，旱；羽，水；角，歲惡。 |
| | On this day, the light is bright; listen to the voices of the people in the capital and towns. If the sound corresponds to the Gong tone, then it will be a good year, auspicious; if it is the Shang tone, there will be military conflict; if it is the Zheng tone, there will be drought; if it is the Yu tone, there will be floods; if it is the Jue tone, it indicates a poor year.
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| | 天官書: |
或從正月旦比數雨。率日食一升，至七升而極；過之，不占。數至十二日，日直其月，占水旱。為其環（城）［域］千里內占，則（其）為天下候，竟正月。月所離列宿，日、風、雲，占其國。然必察太歲所在。在金，穰；水，毀；木，饑；火，旱。此其大經也。 |
| | Some begin counting the number of rains from the first day of the first lunar month. Generally, one measures a sheng per day, reaching up to seven sheng as the maximum; If it exceeds this amount, no prediction is made. Counting up to the twelfth day, when each day corresponds directly with its lunar month, one can predict floods or droughts. If predictions are made for a region within a thousand li around its boundary, then it serves as an omen for the entire realm and continues throughout the first lunar month. The moon's position among the constellations, along with the sun, wind, and clouds, is used to predict conditions for a particular state or region. However, one must necessarily observe where the Tai sui (the Year Star) is located. If it is in metal, there will be an abundant harvest; if it is in water, destruction occurs; if it is in wood, there will be famine; if it is in fire, drought occurs. This is the general principle.
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| | 天官書: |
正月上甲，風從東方，宜蠶；風從西方，若旦黃雲，惡。 |
| | On the first day of the Gengzi (Jia) in the first lunar month, if the wind comes from the east, it is favorable for silkworms; if the wind comes from the west or there are yellow clouds at dawn, this indicates a bad omen.
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| | 天官書: |
冬至短極，縣土炭，炭動，鹿解角，蘭根出，泉水躍，略以知日至，要決晷景。歲星所在，五穀逢昌。其對為沖，歲乃有殃。 |
| | On the day of winter solstice, when daylight is at its shortest, hang earthen charcoal; if the charcoal moves, deer shed their antlers, orchid roots emerge, and spring water surges upward—these are rough indicators to know the solar days. The key decision lies in measuring the gnomon's shadow. Wherever the Suixing (Jupiter) is located, the five grains will flourish. If it faces its opposite direction as a "chong" position, then there will be calamity in that year.
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| | 天官書: |
太史公曰：自初生民以來，世主曷嘗不歷日月星辰？及至五家、三代，紹而明之，內冠帶，外夷狄，分中國為十有二州，仰則觀象於天，俯則法類於地。天則有日月，地則有陰陽。天有五星，地有五行。天則有列宿，地則有州域。三光者，陰陽之精，氣本在地，而聖人統理之。 |
| | Grand Historian Tai Shigong said: Since the beginning of mankind, have rulers throughout history ever not observed the sun, moon, and stars? By the time of the Five Houses and Three Dynasties, they inherited and clarified these practices. Internally, they adorned themselves with official ranks; externally, they dealt with the Hu and Di (barbarian) peoples. They divided China into twelve states: looking upward, they observed celestial phenomena; looking downward, they followed patterns on earth. The heavens have the sun and moon; the earth has yin and yang. The heavens have Five Planets; the earth has Five Elements. The heavens have constellations arranged in order, and the earth is divided into states and regions. The Three Lights—the sun, moon, and stars—are the essence of yin and yang; their qi originates from the earth, yet sage rulers manage and regulate them.
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| | 天官書: |
幽厲以往，尚矣。所見天變，皆國殊窟穴，家占物怪，以合時應，其文圖籍禨祥不法。是以孔子論六經，紀異而說不書。至天道命，不傳；傳其人，不待告；告非其人，雖言不著。 |
| | Since the time of Youli and earlier, this has been long established. The celestial omens observed were all different according to states and regions, with each family interpreting portents of strange phenomena in their own way, attempting to align them with the times. Their written records, diagrams, and auspicious signs lacked any consistent method or law. Therefore, Confucius discussed the Six Classics, recording anomalies but not explaining them in writing. Regarding the principles of heavenly ways and fate, they were not transmitted; they were passed down to certain individuals without needing explanation; if told to the wrong person, even if spoken, it will not be understood.
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| | 天官書: |
昔之傳天數者：高辛之前，重、黎；於唐、虞，羲、和；有夏，昆吾；殷商，巫咸；周室，史佚、萇弘；於宋，子韋；鄭則裨灶；在齊，甘公；楚，唐眛；趙，尹皋；魏，石申。 |
| | In ancient times, those who transmitted knowledge of celestial phenomena: before Gaoxin, they were Zhong and Li; during the Tang and Yu dynasties, it was Fuxi and He; under the Xia dynasty, it was Kunwu; during the Yin-Shang dynasty, it was Wuxian; under the Zhou dynasty, it was Shi Yi and Chang Hong; in Song state, it was Zi Wei; in Zheng state, it was Bi Zhao; in Qi state, it was Gan Gong; in Chu state, it was Tang Mei; in Zhao state, it was Yin Gao; in Wei state, it was Shi Shen.
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| | 天官書: |
夫天運，三十歲一小變，百年中變，五百載大變；三大變一紀，三紀而大備：此其大數也。為國者必貴三五。上下各千歲，然後天人之際續備。 |
| | The movement of heaven undergoes a minor change every thirty years, a moderate change every hundred years, and a major change every five hundred years; three major changes make one ji (cycle), and three ji complete the grand cycle: this is its general pattern. A ruler of a state must value the numbers Three and Five. With one thousand years above and below, only then will the connection between heaven and humanity be fully prepared.
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太史公推古天變，未有可考于今者。蓋略以春秋二百四十二年之閒，日蝕三十六，彗星三見，宋襄公時星隕如雨。天子微，諸侯力政，五伯代興，更為主命，自是之後，眾暴寡，大并小。秦、楚、吳、越，夷狄也，為彊伯。田氏篡齊，三家分晉，并為戰國。爭於攻取，兵革更起，城邑數屠，因以饑饉疾疫焦苦，臣主共憂患，其察禨祥候星氣尤急。近世十二諸侯七國相王，言從衡者繼踵，而皋、唐、甘、石因時務論其書傳，故其占驗淩雜米鹽。 |
| | Grand Historian Tai Shigong examined ancient celestial changes but found none that could be verified in modern times. Generally speaking, within the 242 years of the Spring and Autumn period, there were thirty-six solar eclipses, three appearances of comets, and during Duke Xiang of Song's time, stars fell like rain. The Son of Heaven was weak, and feudal lords wielded political power; the Five Hegemons rose in succession, each taking turns to issue commands. Since then, the many have oppressed the few, and the strong have annexed the small. Qin, Chu, Wu, and Yue were originally Hu and Di peoples but became powerful hegemons. The Tian clan usurped Qi, the Three Houses divided Jin, and together they formed the Warring States. They competed in waging war and seizing territory, with military campaigns arising repeatedly. Cities were frequently razed, leading to famine, plague, and hardship. Both subjects and rulers shared in the suffering; therefore, they especially urgently observed omens, celestial phenomena, and atmospheric signs. In recent times, among the twelve feudal lords and seven warring states, those who claimed kingship spoke of vertical or horizontal alliances one after another. Therefore, Yin Gao, Tang Mei, Gan Gong, and Shi Shen composed their writings in accordance with contemporary affairs; thus, their predictions and verifications became a mixture of trivial details.
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二十八舍主十二州，斗秉兼之，所從來久矣。秦之疆也，候在太白，占於狼、弧。吳、楚之疆，候在熒惑，占於鳥衡。燕、齊之疆，候在辰星，占於虛、危。宋、鄭之疆，候在歲星，占於房、心。晉之疆，亦候在辰星，占於參罰。 |
| | The Twenty-Eight Mansions govern the twelve states, with the Dou constellation overseeing them collectively; this system has been in place for a long time. When Qin was powerful, its omens were observed in Taibai (the planet Venus), and predictions were made based on Lang and Hu constellations. When Wu and Chu were powerful, their omens were observed in Yinghuo (the planet Mars), and predictions were made based on the Niao Heng constellation. When Yan and Qi were powerful, their omens lay in Chenxing (the planet Mercury), with predictions made based on the Xu and Wei constellations. When Song and Zheng were powerful, their omens resided in Suixing (the planet Jupiter), with predictions based on the Fang and Xin constellations. When Jin was powerful, its omens also lay in Chenxing, with predictions made according to the Shen Fa constellation.
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及秦并吞三晉、燕、代，自河山以南者中國。中國於四海內則在東南，為陽；陽則日、歲星、熒惑、填星；占於街南，畢主之。其西北則胡、貉、月氏諸衣旃裘引弓之民，為陰；陰則月、太白、辰星；占於街北，昴主之。故中國山川東北流，其維，首在隴、蜀，尾沒于勃、碣。是以秦、晉好用兵，復占太白，太白主中國；而胡、貉數侵掠，獨占辰星，辰星出入躁疾，常主夷狄：其大經也。此更為客主人。熒惑為孛，外則理兵，內則理政。故曰「雖有明天子，必視熒惑所在」。諸侯更彊，時菑異記，無可錄者。 |
| | And when Qin annexed the Three Jin states, Yan, and Dai, all lands south of the Yellow River and Taihang Mountains became part of China. Within the Four Seas, China lies in the southeast, which is yang; yang corresponds to the sun, Suixing (Jupiter), Yinghuo (Mars), and Tianxing (Saturn); predictions are made in the southern street, with Bi constellation overseeing it. To its northwest were the Hu, He, and Yuezhi peoples who wore felt and furs and used bows—these were considered yin; yin corresponds to the moon, Taibai (Venus), and Chenxing (Mercury); predictions are made in the northern street, with Mao constellation overseeing it. Therefore, China's rivers and mountains flow northeastward; its axis begins in Long and Shu, ending at Bo and Jie. This is why the states of Qin and Jin often used military force and frequently observed Taibai (Venus). Taibai governs China; while the Hu and He peoples frequently raided, they only observed Chenxing (Mercury). Chenxing moves in and out quickly, often governing the Hu and Di: this is its fundamental principle. This distinction determines who becomes the guest and who remains the host. When Yinghuo (Mars) appears as a comet, externally it signifies military affairs, internally it signifies governance. Hence it is said: "Even with an enlightened Son of Heaven, one must always observe where Yinghuo (Mars) is located." As feudal lords alternately grew powerful, various disasters and strange occurrences were recorded at different times, but none are worth recording.
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秦始皇之時，十五年彗星四見，久者八十日，長或竟天。其後秦遂以兵滅六王，并中國，外攘四夷，死人如亂麻，因以張楚并起，三十年之閒兵相駘藉，不可勝數。自蚩尤以來，未嘗若斯也。 |
| | During the reign of Qin Shi Huang, comets appeared four times over fifteen years; some lasted as long as eighty days, with their tails stretching across the entire sky. Afterward, the Qin dynasty used military force to eliminate the six kings and unify China. They repelled the four Hu and Di peoples outwardly; people died as if cut down like tangled hemp. Thus, Zhang Er and the Chu forces rose together, and for thirty years, armies trampled over each other in battle, too numerous to count. Since Chiyou's time, there has never been a war like this.
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項羽救鉅鹿，枉矢西流，山東遂合從諸侯，西坑秦人，誅屠咸陽。 |
| | Xiang Yu rescued Ju Lu, and curved arrows flew westward; the eastern mountain regions then united feudal lords in a vertical alliance to attack westward, where they slaughtered Qin people and razed Xianyang.
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漢之興，五星聚于東井。平城之圍，月暈參、畢七重。諸呂作亂，日蝕，晝晦。吳楚七國叛逆，彗星數丈，天狗過梁野；及兵起，遂伏尸流血其下。元光、元狩，蚩尤之旗再見，長則半天。其後京師師四出，誅夷狄者數十年，而伐胡尤甚。越之亡，熒惑守鬬；朝鮮之拔，星茀于河戍；兵征大宛，星茀招搖：此其犖犖大者。若至委曲小變，不可勝道。由是觀之，未有不先形見而應隨之者也。 |
| | When the Han dynasty rose to power, the Five Planets gathered at the constellation Dongjing. During the siege of Pingcheng, a lunar halo surrounded the constellations Shen and Bi seven times over. When the Lu clan plotted rebellion, there was a solar eclipse, and daylight turned dark. During the rebellion of Wu, Chu, and seven other states, comets appeared several zhang long, and a heavenly dog passed over the Liang region. And when warfare broke out, corpses lay piled up and blood flowed beneath it. During Yuanguang and Yuanshou reigns, the Chiyou's banner appeared twice; its length reached half the sky. Afterward, for several decades, imperial armies marched out four times to punish and subdue the Hu and Di peoples, with campaigns against the Hu being especially intense. When Yue fell, Mars remained in the constellation Dou. When Chaoxian was captured, a star appeared as an omen at He Shu along the river. When troops campaigned against Dayuan, a star omen appeared in Zhaoyao: these are among the most prominent examples. As for more subtle and minor changes, they are too numerous to recount. From this we can see that there has been no instance where an event did not first manifest in celestial omens before its earthly response followed.
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夫自漢之為天數者，星則唐都，氣則王朔，占歲則魏鮮。故甘、石歷五星法，唯獨熒惑有反逆行；逆行所守，及他星逆行，日月薄蝕，皆以為占。 |
| | Among those who studied the heavenly patterns for the Han dynasty, Tang Du was responsible for stars, Wang Shuo for atmospheric phenomena, and Wei Xian for divining the years. Therefore, in the Gan-Shi calendar's Five Planets method, only Mars exhibited retrograde motion; the positions it occupied during its retrogression, as well as the retrogressions of other planets and solar or lunar eclipses, were all used for divination.
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余觀史記，考行事，百年之中，五星無出而不反逆行，反逆行，嘗盛大而變色；日月薄蝕，行南北有時：此其大度也。故紫宮、房心、權衡、咸池、虛危列宿部星，此天之五官坐位也，為經，不移徙，大小有差，闊狹有常。水、火、金、木、填星，此五星者，天之五佐，為［經］緯，見伏有時，所過行贏縮有度。 |
| | I have examined the Records of the Grand Historian and verified past events, and within a hundred years, none of the Five Planets moved outward without retrograding; whenever they did retrograde, their brightness often increased and their colors changed. Solar and lunar eclipses occurred at times when the sun and moon moved north or south: this was their general pattern. Therefore, the Purple Palace, Fangxin, Quan Heng, Xuchi, Xu Wei, and other constellations that form the stellar divisions are the five official seats of Heaven. They serve as fixed reference points, unchanging in position; they differ only in size, with widths and distances remaining constant. Water, Fire, Metal, Wood, and the Filling Star—these Five Planets are Heaven's five assistants. They serve as the [meridional] weft of the celestial order; their appearances and disappearances occur at set times, and their movements along their paths involve expansions and contractions within fixed limits.
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日變修德，月變省刑，星變結和。凡天變，過度乃占。國君彊大，有德者昌；羽小，飾詐者亡。太上修德，其次修政，其次修救，其次修禳，正下無之。夫常星之變希見，而三光之占亟用。日月暈適，雲風，此天之客氣，其發見亦有大運。然其與政事俯仰，最近（大）［天］人之符。此五者，天之感動。為天數者，必通三五。終始古今，深觀時變，察其精粗，則天官備矣。 |
| | When omens appear in the sun, cultivate virtue; when they appear in the moon, examine punishments; when they appear among stars, seek harmony. In general, celestial changes are only taken as omens if they exceed normal limits. When a state's ruler is powerful and virtuous, the state prospers; when weak and deceitful, it perishes. The highest priority is to cultivate virtue; next comes improving governance; then comes remedial action after an event occurs; lastly, one resorts to rituals for warding off disaster. The lowest level has none of these. Changes in the fixed stars are rarely observed, while omens related to the three lights—the sun, moon, and planets—are frequently used for divination. Lunar halos, solar halos, clouds, and winds are transient atmospheric phenomena of Heaven; their occurrences also follow grand cycles. Yet their rise and fall in relation to political affairs is the closest manifestation of the symbolic connection between Heaven and humanity. These five phenomena are signs of Heaven's response or reaction. Those who study the patterns of Heaven must understand the principles of three and five. lords By examining changes through past and present, thoroughly observing temporal transformations, and discerning their subtleties and coarseness, the discipline of celestial phenomena is complete.
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蒼帝行德，天門為之開。赤帝行德，天牢為之空。黃帝行德，天夭為之起。風從西北來，必以庚、辛。一秋中，五至，大赦；三至，小赦。白帝行德，以正月二十日、二十一日，月暈圍，常大赦載，謂有太陽也。一曰：白帝行德，畢、昴為之圍。圍三暮，德乃成；不三暮，及圍不合，德不成。二曰：以辰圍，不出其旬。黑帝行德，天關為之動。天行德，天子更立年；不德，風雨破石。三能、三衡者，天廷也。客星出天廷，有奇令。 |
| | When the Green Emperor practices virtue, Heaven's gate opens for him. When the Red Emperor practices virtue, Heaven's prison becomes empty. When the Yellow Emperor practices virtue, the heavenly calamities rise in response. Winds coming from the northwest must occur on Geng or Xin days. lodash In one autumn, if this wind arrives five times, a general pardon will be issued; three arrivals mean a minor pardon. When the White Emperor practices virtue, on the twentieth or twenty-first day of the first lunar month, if a lunar halo forms around the moon and encircles it, this is often followed by a general pardon. This is said to signify the presence of the great sun. One record says: When the White Emperor practices virtue, the constellations Bi and Mao form a surrounding pattern around it. If this encircling lasts for three evenings, then virtue is fulfilled; if it does not last three evenings or the surrounding pattern is incomplete, virtue remains unfulfilled. Secondly: If a celestial formation encircles at the hour of Chen (7–9 PM), it will not extend beyond its ten-day cycle. When the Black Emperor practices virtue, Heaven's Gate stirs in response. When Heaven itself manifests virtue, the Son of Heaven will change the era name; if virtue is lacking, winds and rains will shatter stone. The Three Powers and the Three Balances are the heavenly court. When a guest star appears in the heavenly court, there will be an unusual decree.
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