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郑桓公友者，周厉王少子而宣王庶弟也。宣王立二十二年，友初封于郑。封三十三岁，百姓皆便爱之。幽王以为司徒。和集周民，周民皆说，河雒之闲，人便思之。为司徒一岁，幽王以褒后故，王室治多邪，诸侯或畔之。于是桓公问太史伯曰：“王室多故，予安逃死乎？”太史伯对曰：“独雒之东土，河济之南可居。”公曰：“何以？”对曰：“地近虢、郐，虢、郐之君贪而好利，百姓不附。今公为司徒，民皆爱公，公诚请居之，虢、郐之君见公方用事，轻分公地。公诚居之，虢、郐之民皆公之民也。”公曰：“吾欲南之江上，何如？”对曰：“昔祝融为高辛氏火正，其功大矣，而其于周未有兴者，楚其后也。周衰，楚必兴。兴，非郑之利也。”公曰：“吾欲居西方，何如？”对曰：“其民贪而好利，难久居。”公曰：“周衰，何国兴者？”对曰：“齐、秦、晋、楚乎？夫齐，姜姓，伯夷之后也，伯夷佐尧典礼。秦，嬴姓，伯翳之后也，伯翳佐舜怀柔百物。及楚之先，皆尝有功于天下。而周武王克纣后，成王封叔虞于唐，其地阻险，以此有德与周衰并，亦必兴矣。”桓公曰：“善。”于是卒言王，东徙其民雒东，而虢、郐果献十邑，竟国之。 |
| | Zheng Huan Gong You was a younger son of King Li of Zhou and an illegitimate younger brother of King Xuan. In the twenty-second year of King Xuan's reign, You was first granted a fief in Zheng. At thirty-three years old when he was enfeoffed, the common people all found him convenient and loved him. King You appointed him as Minister of War. He united the people of Zhou, and all the people of Zhou were pleased; between He and Luo rivers, people found him convenient and thought of him. After one year as Minister of War, King You, because of the Bao concubine, had many corrupt policies in the royal court; some feudal lords rebelled against him. At this time, Gong Huan asked Taishi Bo, "The royal house has many troubles; where can I escape to avoid death?" Taishi Bo replied, "Only the eastern land east of Luo and south of He and Ji rivers is suitable for settlement." Gong asked, "Why so?" He replied, "The land is near Guo and Hui; the rulers of Guo and Hui are greedy and fond of profit, so the common people do not support them. Now that you are Minister of War, the people all love you. If you sincerely request to reside there, the rulers of Guo and HUI will see that you hold power and easily divide land for you." "If you truly settle there, the people of Guo and Hui will all become your people." Gong said, "I want to go south to the banks of the Jiang River. How is that?" He replied, "In the past, Zhurong was the fire official of Gaoshen Shi; his achievements were great, yet none from his lineage have risen in Zhou. Chu is his descendant. "When Zhou declines, Chu will surely rise." "If it rises, that would not be beneficial to Zheng." Gong said, "I want to settle in the west. How is that?" He replied, "Their people are greedy and profit-oriented; it would be difficult to live there for long." Gong said, "If Zhou declines, which state will rise?" He replied, "Perhaps Qi, Qin, Jin, and Chu? Qi is of the Jiang surname, descendants of Boyi. Boyi assisted Yao in establishing rituals. Qin is of the Ying surname, descendants of Boyi. Boyi assisted Shun in pacifying all things with gentleness. And the ancestors of Chu have also once contributed to the world. After King Wu of Zhou defeated ZHOU, King Cheng enfeoffed Shuyu in Tang. Its territory is perilous and difficult to access; therefore, with virtue and as Zhou declines, it will surely rise as well." Gong Huan said, "Good." Thus he finally addressed the king and moved his people east of Luo. Guo and Hui indeed contributed ten fiefs, which eventually became a state.
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二岁，犬戎杀幽王于骊山下，并杀桓公。郑人共立其子掘突，是为武公。 |
| | Two years later, the Quanrong killed King You at the foot of Lishan Mountain and also killed Gong Huan. The people of Zheng jointly enthroned his son Juetu, who became King Wu.
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武公十年，娶申侯女为夫人，曰武姜。生太子寤生，生之难，及生，夫人弗爱。后生少子叔段，段生易，夫人爱之。二十七年，武公疾。夫人请公，欲立段为太子，公弗听。是岁，武公卒，寤生立，是为庄公。 |
| | In the tenth year of King Wu's reign, he married a daughter of Shen Hou as his wife, named Wu Jiang. She gave birth to Crown Prince Wusheng, who was born in a difficult delivery; after he was born, the lady did not love him. Later she bore a younger son named Shuduan. Duan was easy to give birth to, and the lady loved him. In the twenty-seventh year, King Wu fell ill. The lady requested the king to appoint Duan as crown prince, but the king did not agree. In that year, King Wu died and Wusheng was enthroned; he became King Zhuang.
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庄公元年，封弟段于京，号太叔。祭仲曰：“京大于国，非所以封庶也。”庄公曰：“武姜欲之，我弗敢夺也。”段至京，缮治甲兵，与其母武姜谋袭郑。二十二年，段果袭郑，武姜为内应。庄公发兵伐段，段走。伐京，京人畔段，段出走鄢。鄢溃，段出奔共。于是庄公迁其母武姜于城颍，誓言曰：“不至黄泉，毋相见也。”居岁馀，已悔思母。颍谷之考叔有献于公，公赐食。考叔曰：“臣有母，请君食赐臣母。”庄公曰：“我甚思母，恶负盟，柰何？”考叔曰：“穿地至黄泉，则相见矣。”于是遂从之，见母。 |
| | In the first year of King Zhuang's reign, his younger brother Duan was enfeoffed in Jing and given the title Taishu. Jizhong said, "Jing is larger than the state itself; this is not appropriate for enfeoffing an illegitimate son." King Zhuang said, "Lady Wu Jiang desires it; I dare not take it away from her." Duan arrived in Jing, repaired and prepared armor and weapons, and plotted with his mother Wu Jiang to attack Zheng. In the twenty-second year, Duan indeed launched an attack on Zheng, with Wu Jiang acting as an inside supporter. King Zhuang raised troops to attack Duan, and Duan fled. They attacked Jing; the people of Jing rebelled against Duan, who then fled to Yan. Yan fell into chaos, and Duan fled to Gong. At this time, King Zhuang moved his mother Wu Jiang to Chengying and made an oath: "Until we reach the Yellow Spring, we shall not see each other again." After more than a year, he regretted it and missed his mother. Kao Shou of Yinggu made an offering to the king, who rewarded him with food. Kao Shou said, "I have a mother; please allow me to offer this royal food to my mother." King Zhuang said, "I miss my mother very much and feel guilty about breaking the oath. What can I do?" Kao Shou said, "Dig a tunnel until you reach the Yellow Spring; then you will be able to meet." Thus he followed his advice and met his mother.
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二十四年，宋缪公卒，公子冯奔郑。郑侵周地，取禾。二十五年，卫州吁弑其君桓公自立，与宋伐郑，以冯故也。二十七年，始朝周桓王。桓王怒其取禾，弗礼也。二十九年，庄公怒周弗礼，与鲁易祊、许田。三十三年，宋杀孔父。三十七年，庄公不朝周，周桓王率陈、蔡、虢、卫伐郑。庄公与祭仲、高渠弥发兵自救，王师大败。祝聸射中王臂。祝聸请从之，郑伯止之，曰：“犯长且难之，况敢陵天子乎？”乃止。夜令祭仲问王疾。 |
| | In the twenty-fourth year, Song Miu Gong died, and Gongzi Feng fled to Zheng. Zheng invaded Zhou territory and took its grain. In the twenty-fifth year, You of Zhou killed his king Huangong and declared himself ruler. He allied with Song to attack Zheng because of Gongzi Feng's presence there. In the twenty-seventh year, he first paid homage to King Huan of Zhou. King Huan was angry about Zheng's taking grain and did not treat him with courtesy. In the twenty-ninth year, King Zhuang, angered by Zhou's lack of courtesy, exchanged Bening and Xutan with Lu. In the thirty-third year, Song killed Kongfu. In the thirty-seventh year, King Zhuang did not pay homage to Zhou; King Huan of Zhou led Chen, Cai, Guo, and Wei in an attack on Zheng. King Zhuang, together with Jizhong and Gao Qumi, raised troops to defend himself, and the royal forces suffered a major defeat. Zhuchai shot and hit King Huan's arm. Zhuchai requested to follow up, but Duke Zheng stopped him, saying, "It is difficult enough to defy a superior and an elder; how could one dare to insult the Son of Heaven?" Thus he ceased. At night, he ordered Jizhong to inquire about the king's condition.
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三十八年，北戎伐齐，齐使求救，郑遣太子忽将兵救齐。齐厘公欲妻之，忽谢曰：“我小国，非齐敌也。”时祭仲与俱，劝使取之，曰：“君多内宠，太子无大援将不立，三公子皆君也。”所谓三公子者，太子忽，其弟突，次弟子亹也。 |
| | In the thirty-eighth year, Beirong attacked Qi; Qi sent envoys to request help, and Zheng dispatched Crown Prince Hu with troops to rescue Qi. Qi Ligong wanted to give his daughter in marriage to him, but Hu declined, saying, "I am a small state and not the equal of Qi." At that time, Jizhong was with him and advised him to accept the marriage, saying, "The king has many favored concubines; if the crown prince lacks strong support, he will not be enthroned. The three younger princes are all potential kings." The so-called three young princes were Crown Prince Hu, his younger brother Tu, and the next younger brother Ziwei.
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四十三年，郑庄公卒。初，祭仲甚有宠于庄公，庄公使为卿；公使娶邓女，生太子忽，故祭仲立之，是为昭公。 |
| | In the forty-third year, King Zhuang of Zheng died. Initially, Jizhong had great favor with King Zhuang; King Zhuang appointed him as an official; the king arranged for him to marry a woman from Deng, and they had Crown Prince Hu. Therefore, Jizhong enthroned him; he became King Zhao.
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庄公又娶宋雍氏女，生厉公突。雍氏有宠于宋。宋庄公闻祭仲之立忽，乃使人诱召祭仲而执之，曰：“不立突，将死。”亦执突以求赂焉。祭仲许宋，与宋盟。以突归，立之。昭公忽闻祭仲以宋要立其弟突，九月（辛）［丁］亥，忽出奔卫。己亥，突至郑，立，是为厉公。 |
| | King Zhuang also married a woman from Song Yong Shi and had King Li Tu. The woman of Song Yong Shi was favored in Song. Song Zhuang Gong, upon hearing that Jizhong had enthroned Hu, sent people to lure and arrest Jizhong, saying, "If you do not place Tu on the throne, you will die." He also detained Tu in exchange for a bribe. Jizhong agreed with Song and formed an alliance with them. He returned Tu to Zheng and enthroned him. Zhao Gong Hu, upon hearing that Jizheng had used Song to demand the enthronement of his younger brother Tu, on the Dinghai day of the ninth month (September 15, 720 BC), Hu fled to Wei. On the Ji Hai day, Tu arrived in Zheng and was enthroned; he became known as King Li.
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厉公四年，祭仲专国政。厉公患之，阴使其婿雍纠欲杀祭仲。纠妻，祭仲女也，知之，谓其母曰：“父与夫孰亲？”母曰：“父一而已，人尽夫也。”女乃告祭仲，祭仲反杀雍纠，戮之于市。厉公无柰祭仲何，怒纠曰：“谋及妇人，死固宜哉！”夏，厉公出居边邑栎。祭仲迎昭公忽，六月乙亥，复入郑，即位。 |
| | In the fourth year of King Li's reign, Jizhong monopolized state affairs. King Li was troubled by this and secretly ordered his son-in-law Yong Jiu to kill Jizhong. Jiu's wife, who was the daughter of Jizhong, learned about this and asked her mother, "Between father and husband, which is closer?" Her mother said, "A father is one and irreplaceable; a husband can be replaced by anyone." The daughter then informed Jizhong of the plot, and Jizhong turned around and killed Yong Jiu, executing him in the marketplace. King Li had no way to deal with Jizhong and was angry at Jiu, saying, "To plot with a woman—death is indeed deserved!" In summer, King Li left the capital and took residence in Lili, an outlying town. Jizhong welcomed Zhao Gong Hu; on the Yihai day of the sixth month, he re-entered Zheng and was enthroned.
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秋，郑厉公突因栎人杀其大夫单伯，遂居之。诸侯闻厉公出奔，伐郑，弗克而去。宋颇予厉公兵，自守于栎，郑以故亦不伐栎。 |
| | In autumn, King Li Tu took advantage of the people in Lili to kill his official Shanbo and then settled there. The feudal lords heard that King Li had fled, attacked Zheng, but failed and left. Song provided a considerable amount of troops to King Li, who defended himself in Lili; Zheng did not attack Lili because of this.
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昭公二年，自昭公为太子时，父庄公欲以高渠弥为卿，太子忽恶之，庄公弗听，卒用渠弥为卿。及昭公即位，惧其杀己，冬十月辛卯，渠弥与昭公出猎，射杀昭公于野。祭仲与渠弥不敢入厉公，乃更立昭公弟子亹为君，是为子亹也，无谥号。 |
| | In the second year of King Zhao's reign, since Crown Prince Hu was still a crown prince, his father King Zhuang wanted to appoint Gao Qumi as an official. Crown Prince Hu disliked this, but King Zhuang did not listen and eventually appointed Qumi as an official. When King Zhao was enthroned, he feared that Qumi would kill him. On the Xinmao day of the tenth month in winter, while hunting with Gao Qumi and King Zhao, Qumi shot and killed King Zhao in the field. Jizhong and Qumi dared not bring King Li back, so they instead enthroned Ziwei, the younger brother of King Zhao, as ruler. He became known as Ziwei; no posthumous title was given to him.
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子亹元年七月，齐襄公会诸侯于首止，郑子亹往会，高渠弥相，从，祭仲称疾不行。所以然者，子亹自齐襄公为公子之时，尝会鬬，相仇，及会诸侯，祭仲请子亹无行。子亹曰：“齐强，而厉公居栎，即不往，是率诸侯伐我，内厉公。我不如往，往何遽必辱，且又何至是！”卒行。于是祭仲恐齐并杀之，故称疾。子亹至，不谢齐侯，齐侯怒，遂伏甲而杀子亹。高渠弥亡归，归与祭仲谋，召子亹弟公子婴于陈而立之，是为郑子。是岁，齐襄公使彭生醉拉杀鲁桓公。 |
| | In the first year of Ziwei's reign, in July, Qi Xianggong held a meeting with feudal lords at Shouzhi. Ziwei went to attend it, accompanied by Gao Qumi as his assistant; Jizhong claimed illness and did not go along. The reason for this was that Ziwei had once fought with Qi Xianggong when the latter was still a prince, and they were enemies. When meeting with feudal lords, Jizhong requested that Ziwei not attend. Ziwei said, "Qi is powerful, and King Li resides in Lili. If I do not go, it would mean leading the feudal lords to attack me and support King Li." "I had better go; why should going necessarily bring disgrace? And how could it come to this!" He finally went. At that time, Jizheng feared that Qi would kill Ziwei as well, so he claimed illness. When Ziwei arrived, he did not apologize to the Duke of Qi; the Duke was angry and then ambushed and killed Ziwei. Gao Qumi fled back, returned, and plotted with Jizhong; they summoned Gongzi Ying, the younger brother of Ziwei, from Chen and enthroned him, who became known as Zhengzi. In this year, Qi Xianggong sent Pengsheng to kill Lu Huangong by dragging him while drunk.
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郑子八年，齐人管至父等作乱，弑其君襄公。十二年，宋人长万弑其君泯公。郑祭仲死。 |
| | In the eighth year of Zhengzi's reign, Qi people Guan Zhifu and others rebelled, assassinating their ruler Xianggong. In the twelfth year [of Zhengzi's reign], a man named Zhangwan from Song assassinated his ruler Min Gong. Jizhong of Zheng died.
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十四年，故郑亡厉公突在栎者使人诱劫郑大夫甫假，要以求入。假曰：“舍我，我为君杀郑子而入君。”厉公与盟，乃舍之。六月甲子，假杀郑子及其二子而迎厉公突，突自栎复入即位。初，内蛇与外蛇鬬于郑南门中，内蛇死。居六年，厉公果复入。入而让其伯父原曰：“我亡国外居，伯父无意入我，亦甚矣。”原曰：“事君无二心，人臣之职也。原知罪矣。”遂自杀。厉公于是谓甫假曰：“子之事君有二心矣。”遂诛之。假曰：“重德不报，诚然哉！” |
| | In the fourteenth year, former King Li of Zheng, Tu, who was in Lili, sent people to entice and kidnap Zheng official Fu Jia, demanding that he be allowed back into power. Fu Jia said, "Let me go, and I will kill Zhengzi for you so that you may return to power." King Li made an oath with him and then released Fu Jia. On the Jiayou day of the sixth month, Fu Jia killed Zhengzi and his two sons and welcomed back King Li Tu, who returned from Lili to reclaim the throne. Originally, a snake inside and a snake outside fought in the middle of Zheng's southern gate; the inner snake died. After six years, King Li indeed returned to power. Upon his return, he reproached his paternal uncle Yuan, saying, "I was exiled from my country and lived abroad. You had no intention of bringing me back; this is indeed excessive." Yuan said, "Loyalty to one's ruler without divided loyalty is the duty of a subject. Uncle Yuan knows he has committed a crime." He then committed suicide. King Li then said to Fu Jia, "You have shown divided loyalty toward your ruler." He then executed him. Fu Jia said, "To receive great kindness yet not repay it—truly so!"
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厉公突后元年，齐桓公始霸。 |
| | In the first year after King Li Tu's reign began, Duke Huan of Qi started to establish his hegemony.
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五年，燕、卫与周惠王弟颓伐王，王出奔温，立弟颓为王。六年，惠王告急郑，厉公发兵击周王子颓，弗胜，于是与周惠王归，王居于栎。七年春，郑厉公与虢叔袭杀王子颓而入惠王于周。 |
| | In the fifth year, Yan and Wei, together with Tuai, the younger brother of King Hui of Zhou, attacked the king. The king fled to Wen and enthroned his younger brother Tuai as ruler. In the sixth year, King Hui of Zhou sent an urgent request for help to Zheng. King Li mobilized troops to attack Crown Prince Tuai of Zhou but failed to defeat him. As a result, he returned with King Hui; the king resided in Lili. In spring of the seventh year, King Li of Zheng and Gou Shu launched a surprise attack to kill Crown Prince Tuai and helped King Hui return to Zhou.
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秋，厉公卒，子文公踕立。厉公初立四岁，亡居栎，居栎十七岁，复入，立七岁，与亡凡二十八年。 |
| | In autumn, King Li died; his son Wen Gong Jie was enthroned. King Li had been on the throne for four years at first, then fled and lived in Lili. He remained there for seventeen years before returning to power, ruling for another seven years; altogether, his time away from power totaled twenty-eight years.
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二十四年，文公之贱妾曰燕姞，梦天与之兰，曰：“余为伯鯈。余，尔祖也。以是为而子，兰有国香。”以梦告文公，文公幸之，而予之草兰为符。遂生子，名曰兰。 |
| | In the twenty-fourth year, a low-ranking concubine of Wen Gong named Yan Ji dreamed that Heaven gave her an orchid and said, "I am Boyao. I am your ancestor." Take this as your son; the orchid possesses a fragrance that is renowned in the land." She told Wen Gong about her dream, and Wen Gong favored her, giving her an orchid plant as a token. Soon after, she gave birth to a son, whom they named Lan.
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三十六年，晋公子重耳过，文公弗礼。文公弟叔詹曰：“重耳贤，且又同姓，穷而过君，不可无礼。”文公曰：“诸侯亡公子过者多矣，安能尽礼之！”詹曰：“君如弗礼，遂杀之；弗杀，使即反国，为郑忧矣。”文公弗听。 |
| | In the thirty-sixth year, Jin Gongzi Chonger passed through Zheng; Wen Gong did not treat him with courtesy. Wen Gong's younger brother, Shu Zhan, said, "Chonger is virtuous and also of the same clan. He has come to you in hardship; it would be inappropriate to show him no courtesy." Wen Gong said, "Many exiled sons of feudal lords have passed through here; how could I possibly treat them all with courtesy!" Shu Zhan said, "If you do not show him courtesy, then kill him; if you do not kill him, allowing him to return to his state will bring trouble for Zheng." Wen Gong did not listen.
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三十七年春，晋公子重耳反国，立，是为文公。秋，郑入滑，滑听命，已而反与卫，于是郑伐滑。周襄王使伯服请滑。郑文公怨惠王之亡在栎，而文公父厉公入之，而惠王不赐厉公爵禄，又怨襄王之与卫滑，故不听襄王请而囚伯服。王怒，与翟人伐郑，弗克。冬，翟攻伐襄王，襄王出奔郑，郑文公居王于泛。三十八年，晋文公入襄王成周。 |
| | In spring of the thirty-seventh year, Jin Gongzi Chonge returned to his state and was enthroned; he became known as Duke Wen. In autumn, Zheng attacked Hua, which submitted to Zheng's command. Soon after, however, Hua defected and allied with Wei; thus, Zheng launched another attack on Hua. King Xiang of Zhou sent Bo Fu to request the return of Hua. Zheng Wen Gong resented the fact that King Hui had been exiled to Lili, and his father, King Li, had helped him return. Yet King Hui did not bestow a title or rewards upon King Li. He also resented King Xiang for supporting Wei and Hua; therefore, he refused King Xiang's request and imprisoned Bo Fu. The king was angry and allied with the Di people to attack Zheng, but failed to conquer them. In winter, the Di attacked King Xiang; King Xiang fled and took refuge in Zheng, where Wen Gong of Zheng housed him at Fan. In the thirty-eighth year, Duke Wen of Jin helped King Xiang return to Chengzhou.
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四十一年，助楚击晋。自晋文公之过无礼，故背晋助楚。四十三年，晋文公与秦穆公共围郑，讨其助楚攻晋者，及文公过时之无礼也。初，郑文公有三夫人，宠子五人，皆以罪蚤死。公怒，溉逐群公子。子兰奔晋，从晋文公围郑。时兰事晋文公甚谨，爱幸之，乃私于晋，以求入郑为太子。晋于是欲得叔詹为僇。郑文公恐，不敢谓叔詹言。詹闻，言于郑君曰：“臣谓君，君不听臣，晋卒为患。然晋所以围郑，以詹，詹死而赦郑国，詹之愿也。”乃自杀。郑人以詹尸与晋。晋文公曰：“必欲一见郑君，辱之而去。”郑人患之，乃使人私于秦曰：“破郑益晋，非秦之利也。”秦兵罢。晋文公欲入兰为太子，以告郑。郑大夫石癸曰：“吾闻姞姓乃后稷之元妃，其后当有兴者。子兰母，其后也。且夫人子尽已死，馀庶子无如兰贤。今围急，晋以为请，利孰大焉！”遂许晋，与盟，而卒立子兰为太子，晋兵乃罢去。 |
| | In the forty-first year, Zheng assisted Chu in attacking Jin. Because of the lack of courtesy shown to Duke Wen of Jin when he passed through, Zheng turned its back on Jin and supported Chu instead. In the forty-third year, Duke Wen of Jin and Duke Mu of Qin jointly besieged Zheng to punish it for aiding Chu in attacking Jin, as well as for the lack of courtesy shown when Duke Wen passed through. Originally, Wen Gong of Zheng had three principal consorts and five favored sons; all died young due to crimes. The ruler was angry and expelled the group of rival princes. Zi Lan fled to Jin, where he joined Duke Wen in besieging Zheng. At that time, Zi Lan served Duke Wen of Jin with great diligence and was favored by him. He secretly approached Jin to request being installed as the crown prince in Zheng. Jin therefore wanted to capture Shu Zhan for punishment. Wen Gong of Zheng was afraid and dared not speak to Shu Zhan about it. Shu Zhan heard about this and said to the ruler of Zheng, "I advised you earlier, but you did not listen to me. Jin will indeed become a problem. However, the reason why Jin is besieging Zheng is because of me, Shu Zhan. If I die and Zheng is spared, it will fulfill my wish." He then committed suicide. The people of Zheng delivered Shu Zhan's corpse to Jin. Duke Wen of Jin said, "I must see the ruler of Zheng once and humiliate him before leaving." The people of Zheng were worried about this, so they sent someone secretly to Qin and said, "Destroying Zheng would only benefit Jin; it is not in Qin's interest." The Qin army withdrew. Duke Wen of Jin wanted to install Lan as the crown prince and informed Zheng about it. Zheng official Shi Gui said, "I have heard that Ji surname was the principal wife of Houji; descendants from her line should rise to prominence. Zi Lan's mother is a descendant of them." Moreover, all the sons born to the principal consorts have already died; among the other sons, none are as virtuous as Lan. Now that the siege is urgent and Jin has made a request, what greater benefit could there be!" Thus, they agreed to Jin's request, formed an alliance, and finally enthroned Zi Lan as crown prince; the Jin army then withdrew.
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四十五年，文公卒，子兰立，是为缪公。 |
| | In the forty-fifth year, Wen Gong died; his son Lan was enthroned, who became known as Miao Gong.
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缪公元年春，秦缪公使三将将兵欲袭郑，至滑，逢郑贾人弦高诈以十二牛劳军，故秦兵不至而还，晋败之于崤。初，往年郑文公之卒也，郑司城缯贺以郑情卖之，秦兵故来。三年，郑发兵从晋伐秦，败秦兵于汪。 |
| | In the first year of Miao Gong's reign, in spring, Duke Mu of Qin sent three generals with troops to launch a surprise attack on Zheng. When they reached Hua, they encountered Zheng merchant Xian Gao, who pretended to offer twelve oxen as a gift to welcome their army. Thus, the Qin forces did not proceed further and returned; however, Jin defeated them at Xiao Pass. Originally, the previous year, when Wen Gong of Zheng died, Cheng Zeng, an official in charge of city affairs in Zheng, betrayed Zheng's situation to Qin; that was why the Qin army came. In the third year, Zheng mobilized troops and joined Jin in attacking Qin, defeating the Qin forces at Wang.
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往年楚太子商臣弑其父成王代立。二十一年，与宋华元伐郑。华元杀羊食士，不与其御羊斟，怒以驰郑，郑囚华元。宋赎华元，元亦亡去。晋使赵穿以兵伐郑。 |
| | The previous year, Crown Prince Shangchen of Chu assassinated his father King Chengwang and took over the throne in his place. In the twenty-first year, he joined Song's Hua Yuan in attacking Zheng. Hua Yuan slaughtered sheep to feed the soldiers but did not give any to his charioteer Yang Zhen, who became angry and drove off toward Zheng; Zheng captured Hua Yuan. Song ransomed Hua Yuan, but Yuan fled away as well. Jin sent Zhao Chuan with troops to attack Zheng.
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灵公元年春，楚献鼋于灵公。子家、子公将朝灵公，子公之食指动，谓子家曰：“佗日指动，必食异物。”及入，见灵公进鼋羹，子公笑曰：“果然！”灵公问其笑故，具告灵公。灵公召之，独弗予羹。子公怒，染其指，尝之而出。公怒，欲杀子公。子公与子家谋先。夏，弑灵公。郑人欲立灵公弟去疾，去疾让曰：“必以贤，则去疾不肖；必以顺，则公子坚长。”坚者，灵公庶弟，去疾之兄也。于是乃立子坚，是为襄公。 |
| | In spring of the first year of Ling Gong's reign, Chu presented a giant soft-shelled turtle as a tribute to King Ling. Zijia and Zigong were about to pay homage to Ling Gong. Zigong's index finger twitched, so he said to Zijia, "On other occasions when my finger twitches, I must be about to eat something unusual." When they entered and saw King Ling serving turtle soup, Zigong laughed and said, "Indeed it is!" King Ling asked why he was laughing, so Zigong told him the whole story. King Ling summoned them and gave the soup to everyone except Zigong. Zigong was angry, dipped his finger into the soup, tasted it, and then left. King Ling became furious and wanted to kill Zigong. Zigong plotted with Zijia first. In summer, they assassinated King Ling. The people of Zheng wanted to enthroned Qu Ji, the younger brother of King Ling. Qu Ji declined and said, "If we must choose based on virtue, then I am not virtuous; if we must follow seniority, then Gongzi Jian is the eldest." Jian was a younger brother of King Ling and an older brother to Qu Ji. Thus, they enthroned Gongzi Jian, who became known as Xiang Gong.
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襄公立，将尽去缪氏。缪氏者，杀灵公、子公之族家也。去疾曰：“必去缪氏，我将去之。”乃止。皆以为大夫。 |
| | After Xiang Gong was enthroned, he planned to completely remove the Miao clan. The Miao family were relatives of those who had killed King Ling and Zigong. Qu Ji said, "If you must remove the Miao clan, I will be the one to do it." Thus, they stopped. They were all appointed as officials of high rank.
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襄公元年，楚怒郑受宋赂纵华元，伐郑。郑背楚，与晋亲。五年，楚复伐郑，晋来救之。六年，子家卒，国人复逐其族，以其弑灵公也。 |
| | In the first year of Xiang Gong's reign, Chu was angry that Zheng had accepted a bribe from Song and released Hua Yuan, so they launched an attack on Zheng. Zheng defected from Chu and became close to Jin. In the fifth year, Chu again attacked Zheng, and Jin came to rescue them. In the sixth year, Zijia died, and the people of the state again drove out his clan because they had assassinated King Ling.
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七年，郑与晋盟鄢陵。八年，楚庄王以郑与晋盟，来伐，围郑三月，郑以城降楚。楚王入自皇门，郑襄公肉袒掔羊以迎，曰：“孤不能事边邑，使君王怀怒以及獘邑，孤之罪也。敢不惟命是听。君王迁之江南，及以赐诸侯，亦惟命是听。若君王不忘厉、宣王，桓、武公，哀不忍绝其社稷，锡不毛之地，使复得改事君王，孤之愿也，然非所敢望也。敢布腹心，惟命是听。”庄王为却三十里而后舍。楚群臣曰：“自郢至此，士大夫亦久劳矣。今得国舍之，何如？”庄王曰：“所为伐，伐不服也。今已服，尚何求乎？”卒去。晋闻楚之伐郑，发兵救郑。其来持两端，故迟，比至河，楚兵已去。晋将率或欲渡，或欲还，卒渡河。庄王闻，还击晋。郑反助楚，大破晋军于河上。十年，晋来伐郑，以其反晋而亲楚也。 |
| | In the seventh year, Zheng formed an alliance with Jin at Yanling. In the eighth year, King Zhuang of Chu, because Zheng had allied with Jin, launched an attack. He besieged Zheng for three months, and Zheng surrendered to Chu by opening its gates. King Chu entered through the Huang Gate, and Zheng Xiang Gong met him bare-chested with a sheep in hand, saying: "I was unable to govern my outlying territories properly, causing Your Majesty's anger to reach this humble city. This is my fault. How dare I not obey your command?" If Your Majesty wishes to relocate me to the southern Jiang region, or to bestow me upon other feudal lords, I shall also obey your command without hesitation. If Your Majesty does not forget King Li and King Xuan, or Gong Huan and Gong Wu, and out of compassion cannot bear to sever their ancestral state, and instead bestows a barren land upon me so that I may once again serve Your Majesty, this would be my greatest wish, though it is something I dare not hope for. I now humbly lay bare my heart and soul; I am ready to obey your command in all things." King Zhuang then withdrew thirty li before halting. The ministers of Chu said, "From Ying to this place, the officials and soldiers have been laboring for a long time. Now that we have captured the state but are about to abandon it, what do you think?" King Zhuang said, "The reason for our attack was to punish those who did not submit. Now that they have submitted, what more could we possibly seek?" In the end, he withdrew. Jin heard of Chu's attack on Zheng and sent troops to rescue Zheng. However, Jin hesitated between two courses of action, so they were delayed; by the time they reached the Yellow River, the Chu forces had already withdrawn. The Jin generals debated whether to cross the river or return, but in the end decided to cross it. King Zhuang heard of this and returned to attack Jin. Zheng, in turn, assisted Chu, and the two forces decisively defeated the Jin army by the river. In the tenth year, Jin launched an attack on Zheng because Zheng had defected from Jin and allied with Chu.
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十一年，楚庄王伐宋，宋告急于晋。晋景公欲发兵救宋，伯宗谏晋君曰：“天方开楚，未可伐也。”乃求壮士得霍人解扬，字子虎，诓楚，令宋毋降。过郑，郑与楚亲，乃执解扬而献楚。楚王厚赐与约，使反其言，令宋趣降，三要乃许。于是楚登解扬楼车，令呼宋。遂负楚约而致其晋君命曰：“晋方悉国兵以救宋，宋虽急，慎毋降楚，晋兵今至矣！”楚庄王大怒，将杀之。解扬曰：“君能制命为义，臣能承命为信。受吾君命以出，有死无陨。”庄王曰：“若之许我，已而背之，其信安在？”解扬曰：“所以许王，欲以成吾君命也。”将死，顾谓楚军曰：“为人臣无忘尽忠得死者！”楚王诸弟皆谏王赦之，于是赦解扬使归。晋爵之为上卿。 |
| | In the eleventh year, King Zhuang of chu attacked Song, and Song urgently appealed to Jin for help. Jin Jinggong wanted to send troops to rescue Song, but Bo Zong advised the ruler of Jin, saying: "Heaven is currently favoring Chu; it is not yet time to attack them." They then sought out a brave warrior named Huo Ren Jie Yang, courtesy name Zihu, and sent him to deceive Chu, ordering Song not to surrender. While passing through Zheng, which was allied with Chu, they captured Jie Yang and delivered him to Chu. King Chu offered generous rewards and made agreements, urging Jie Yang to reverse his words and order Song to surrender quickly. After three demands, he finally agreed. Thus, Chu placed Jie Yang on a high cart and ordered him to call out to Song. Yet, he defied the agreement with Chu and conveyed his ruler's command from Jin, saying: "Jin is mobilizing its entire army to rescue Song. Although Song may be in dire straits, be cautious not to surrender to Chu; the Jin forces are coming now!" King Zhuang of Chu was greatly enraged and intended to kill him. Jie Yang said, "A ruler who can issue commands in accordance with righteousness is virtuous; a minister who can carry out those commands is trustworthy. I received my lord's command to go forth, and I would rather die than fail in it." King Zhuang said: "You promised me, yet you have betrayed that promise. Where is your trustworthiness?" Jie Yang replied, "I agreed to Your Majesty's request in order to fulfill my lord's command." As he was about to die, Jie Yang turned to the Chu army and said: "As a subject, never forget that complete loyalty leads to a noble death!" King Zhuang's younger brothers all advised the king to pardon him, and thus King Zhuang pardoned Jie Yang and sent him back. Jin bestowed upon him the title of Shangqing (a high-ranking official).
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十八年，襄公卒，子悼公沸立。 |
| | In the eighteenth year, Xiang Gong died and was succeeded by his son Dougong Fei.
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悼公元年，鄦公恶郑于楚，悼公使弟睔于楚自讼。讼不直，楚囚睔。于是郑悼公来与晋平，遂亲。睔私于楚子反，子反言归睔于郑。 |
| | In the first year of Dougong's reign, Gong Yan offended Zheng at Chu; in response, Dougong sent his younger brother Hui to Chu to plead their case. As the plea was unfounded, Chu imprisoned Hui. Thus, Zheng Dougong came to make peace with Jin and became their ally once more. Hui privately approached the ruler of Chu, Zifan, who then spoke on his behalf and arranged for Hui's return to Zheng.
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二年，楚伐郑，晋兵来救。是岁，悼公卒，立其弟睔，是为成公。 |
| | In the second year, Chu attacked Zheng, and Jin forces came to rescue them. That same year, Dougong died, and his younger brother Hui was enthroned; he became known as Chenggong.
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成公三年，楚共王曰“郑成公孤有德焉”，使人来与盟。成公私与盟。秋，成公朝晋，晋曰“郑私平于楚”，执之。使栾书伐郑。四年春，郑患晋围，公子如乃立成公庶兄繻为君。其四月，晋闻郑立君，乃归成公。郑人闻成公归，亦杀君繻，迎成公。晋兵去。 |
| | In the third year of Chenggong's reign, King Gong of Chu said, "Zheng Chenggong is a virtuous ruler," and sent envoys to form an alliance with him. Chenggong secretly formed the alliance. In autumn, Chenggong paid a visit to Jin, but Jin accused Zheng of having privately made peace with Chu and detained him. They sent Luan Shu to attack Zheng. In the spring of the fourth year, as Zheng was troubled by Jin's siege, Gongzi Ru installed Chenggong's illegitimate older brother Xu as ruler. In the fourth month of that year, when Jin learned that Zheng had enthroned a new ruler, they returned Chenggong to him. The people of Zheng heard that Chenggong was returning and killed their current ruler Xu, welcoming Chenggong back instead. Jin's troops withdrew.
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十年，背晋盟，盟于楚。晋厉公怒，发兵伐郑。楚共王救郑。晋楚战鄢陵，楚兵败，晋射伤楚共王目，俱罢而去。十三年，晋悼公伐郑，兵于洧上。郑城守，晋亦去。 |
| | In the tenth year, Zheng broke its alliance with Jin and formed an alliance with Chu instead. King Li of Jin was furious and launched a military campaign against Zheng. King Gong of Chu came to the rescue of Zheng. The Jin and Chu forces clashed at Yanling, where the Chu army was defeated. Jin wounded King Gong of Chu in the eye, after which both sides withdrew from the battlefield. In the thirteenth year, Duke Dao of Jin attacked Zheng and stationed his troops at Weishang. Zheng defended its city walls, so Jin withdrew as well.
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十四年，成公卒，子恽立。是为厘公。 |
| | In the fourteenth year, Chenggong died and was succeeded by his son Yun. He became known as Liggong.
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厘公五年，郑相子驷朝厘公，厘公不礼。子驷怒，使厨人药杀厘公，赴诸侯曰“厘公暴病卒”。立厘公子嘉，嘉时年五岁，是为简公。 |
| | In the fifth year of Ligong's reign, Zheng's prime minister Zisi paid homage to Ligong, but Ligong treated him with disrespect. Zisi was furious and ordered the cooks to poison Ligong, then informed the feudal lords that "Ligong died suddenly of an illness." They enthroned Ligong's son Jia. At that time, Jia was only five years old; he became known as Jianguanggong.
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简公元年，诸公子谋欲诛相子驷，子驷觉之，反尽诛诸公子。二年，晋伐郑，郑与盟，晋去。冬，又与楚盟。子驷畏诛，故两亲晋、楚。三年，相子驷欲自立为君，公子子孔使尉止杀相子驷而代之。子孔又欲自立。子产曰：“子驷为不可，诛之，今又效之，是乱无时息也。”于是子孔从之而相郑简公。 |
| | In the first year of Jianguanggong's reign, several members of the royal family plotted to kill the prime minister Zisi. However, Zisi discovered their plot and instead had all the princes executed. In the second year, Jin attacked Zheng; Zheng formed an alliance with them, so Jin withdrew. In winter, Zheng once again formed an alliance with Chu. Zisi feared punishment, so he maintained close relations with both Jin and Chu. In the third year, Zisi plotted to declare himself ruler, but Gongzi Kong sent Wei Zhi to kill Zisi and took his place instead. Zikong also wanted to declare himself as sovereign. Zichan said, "Zisi acted inappropriately and was punished for it; now you are following his example. If this continues, there will be no end to the chaos." Thus, Zikong heeded his advice and served as prime minister under Zheng Jian Gong.
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四年，晋怒郑与楚盟，伐郑，郑与盟。楚共王救郑，败晋兵。简公欲与晋平，楚又囚郑使者。 |
| | In the fourth year, Jin was angry that Zheng had formed an alliance with Chu and attacked Zheng; Zheng then formed an alliance with Jin. King Gong of Chu came to rescue Zheng and defeated the Jin forces. Jianguanggong wished to make peace with Jin, but Chu detained Zheng's envoys once again.
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十二年，简公怒相子孔专国权，诛之，而以子产为卿。十九年，简公如晋请卫君还，而封子产以六邑。子产让，受其三邑。二十二年，吴使延陵季子于郑，见子产如旧交，谓子产曰：“郑之执政者侈，难将至，政将及子。子为政，必以礼；不然，郑将败。”子产厚遇季子。二十三年，诸公子争宠相杀，又欲杀子产。公子或谏曰：“子产仁人，郑所以存者子产也，勿杀！”乃止。 |
| | In the twelfth year, Jianguanggong was angry at Zikong's monopolization of state power and had him executed, appointing Zichan as an official instead. In the nineteenth year, Jianguanggong went to Jin to request that Weigong return and granted Zichan six fiefs as a reward. Zichan declined the offer but eventually accepted three of the fiefs. In the twenty-second year, Wu sent Yanning Jisi to Zheng. He met Zichan and treated him as an old friend, saying to Zichan: "The current rulers of Zheng are extravagant; difficulties will soon come, and you will likely be involved in governance. If you take charge of the government, you must govern according to propriety; otherwise, Zheng will fall." Zichan treated Jisi with great hospitality. In the twenty-third year, members of the royal family vied for favor and killed each other; they also plotted to kill Zichan. One prince advised, "Zichan is a kind and virtuous man; Zheng has survived because of Zichan. Do not kill him!" Thus, they stopped.
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二十五年，郑使子产于晋，问平公疾。平公曰：“卜而曰实沈、台骀为祟，史官莫知，敢问？”对曰：“高辛氏有二子，长曰阏伯，季曰实沈，居旷林，不相能也，日操干戈以相征伐。后帝弗臧，迁阏伯于商丘，主辰，商人是因，故辰为商星。迁实沈于大夏，主参，唐人是因，服事夏、商，其季世曰唐叔虞。当武王邑姜方娠大叔，梦帝谓己：‘余命而子曰虞，乃与之唐，属之参而蕃育其子孙。’及生有文在其掌曰‘虞’，遂以命之。及成王灭唐而国大叔焉。故参为晋星。由是观之，则实沈，参神也。昔金天氏有裔子曰昧，为玄冥师，生允格、台骀。台骀能业其官，宣汾、洮，障大泽，以处太原。帝用嘉之，国之汾川。沈、姒、蓐、黄实守其祀。今晋主汾川而灭之。由是观之，则台骀，汾、洮神也。然是二者不害君身。山川之神，则水旱之灾禜之；日月星辰之神，则雪霜风雨不时禜之；若君疾，饮食哀乐女色所生也。”平公及叔向曰：“善，博物君子也！”厚为之礼于子产。 |
| | In the twenty-fifth year, Zheng sent Zichan to Jin to inquire about Duke Ping's illness. Duke Ping said: "The diviners say that Shichen and Taidai are causing the illness, but the historians do not know what this means. I dare to ask you?" Zichan replied: "The family of Gaoshen had two sons, the elder named Ebo and the younger Shichen. They lived in a vast forest but were unable to get along, fighting with weapons every day. Later emperors disapproved of this and relocated Ebo to Shangqiu, where he presided over the constellation Shen. The people of Shang inherited his legacy, hence the constellation is known as the Shang Star." Shichen was relocated to Daya, where he presided over Shen. The Tang people inherited this tradition and served the Xia and Shang dynasties; in its later period, it was known as Tang Shuyu. When King Wu's wife Yijiang was pregnant with Marquis Dushu, she dreamed that the emperor told her: "I have named your son Yu; I will give him Tang and entrust it to Shen so that his descendants may flourish." When he was born, there was a mark on his palm reading "Yu," so they named him accordingly. When King Cheng destroyed the state of Tang, he established it as the fief of Marquis Dushu. Therefore, Shen is the star of Jin. lington From this we can see that Shichen is the deity of Shen. In ancient times, Jin Tian Shi had a descendant named Mi, who served as the teacher of Xuanming; he fathered Yunge and Taidai. Taidai was able to carry on his official duties, managing the Fen and Tao rivers, blocking large lakes, and settling in Taiyuan. The emperor praised him for this and granted him the region of Fenchuan as his fief. The states of Shen, Si, Ru, and Huang actually maintained its ancestral rites. Now the state of Jin controls Fenchuan but has destroyed it. From this we can see, Taidai is the deity of Fen and Tao rivers. However, these two deities do not harm your person. The gods of mountains and rivers are responsible for warding off calamities such as floods and droughts; the deities of the sun, moon, stars, and constellations are responsible for preventing untimely snow, frost, wind, and rain; if your illness is due to improper diet, sorrow or joy, or indulgence in women." Duke Ping and Shuxiang said: "Excellent! A truly erudite gentleman!" They offered Zichan generous gifts in return.
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二十七年夏，郑简公朝晋。冬，畏楚灵王之强，又朝楚，子产从。二十八年，郑君病，使子产会诸侯，与楚灵王盟于申，诛齐庆封。 |
| | In the summer of the twenty-seventh year, Duke Jian of Zheng paid a court visit to Jin. In winter, fearing the strength of King Ling of Chu, he again paid homage to Chu, with Zichan accompanying him. In the twenty-eighth year, Duke Zheng fell ill and sent Zichan to meet with the feudal lords. They concluded an alliance with King Ling of Chu in Shen and executed Qing Feng of Qi.
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三十六年，简公卒，子定公宁立。秋，定公朝晋昭公。 |
| | In the thirty-sixth year, Duke Jian died, and his son Ning was enthroned as Duke Ding. In autumn, Duke Ding paid a court visit to Duke Zhao of Jin.
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定公元年，楚公子弃疾弑其君灵王而自立，为平王。欲行德诸侯。归灵王所侵郑地于郑。 |
| | In the first year of Duke Ding's reign, Gongzi Qiji assassinated his king, King Ling, and declared himself ruler as King Ping. He wished to demonstrate virtue among the feudal lords. He returned the territories of Zheng that had been seized by King Ling back to Zheng.
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四年，晋昭公卒，其六卿强，公室卑。子产谓韩宣子曰：“为政必以德，毋忘所以立。”六年，郑火，公欲禳之。子产曰：“不如修德。” |
| | In the fourth year, Duke Zhao of Jin died; his six high-ranking ministers were powerful while the royal house was weak. Zichan said to Han Xunzi: "To govern must be done with virtue; do not forget the reason you were placed in power." In the sixth year, a fire broke out in Zheng, and the duke wanted to perform rituals to ward it off. Zichan said: "It is better to cultivate virtue."
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八年，楚太子建来奔。十年，太子建与晋谋袭郑。郑杀建，建子胜奔吴。 |
| | In the eighth year, Crown Prince Jian of Chu fled to Zheng. In the tenth year, Crown Prince Jian conspired with Jin to attack Zheng. Zheng killed Jian, and Jian's son Sheng fled to Wu.
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十一年，定公如晋。晋与郑谋，诛周乱臣，入敬王于周。 |
| | In the eleventh year, Duke Ding went to Jin. Jin and Zheng plotted together to punish Zhou's rebellious ministers and installed King Jing in the Zhou capital.
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十三年，定公卒，子献公虿立。献公十三年卒，子声公胜立。当是时，晋六卿强，侵夺郑，郑遂弱。 |
| | In the thirteenth year, Duke Ding died, and his son Chai was enthroned as Duke Xian. Duke Xian died in the thirteenth year of his reign; his son Shenggong Sheng succeeded him. At that time, Jin's six high-ranking ministers were strong and encroached upon Zheng; thus, Zheng became weak.
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声公五年，郑相子产卒，郑人皆哭泣，悲之如亡亲戚。子产者，郑成公少子也。为人仁爱人，事君忠厚。孔子尝过郑，与子产如兄弟云。及闻子产死，孔子为泣曰：“古之遗爱也！” |
| | In the fifth year of Duke Sheng's reign, Zichan, the prime minister of Zheng, died; all the people of Zheng wept and mourned him as if they had lost a close relative. Zichan was the youngest son of Duke Cheng of Zheng. He was a kind and compassionate person, loyal and sincere in serving his ruler. Confucius once passed through Zheng and treated Zichan like a brother. When he heard of Zichan's death, Confucius wept and said: "He was the last remnant of virtue from ancient times!"
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八年，晋范、中行氏反晋，告急于郑，郑救之。晋伐郑，败郑军于铁。 |
| | In the eighth year, the Fan and Zhonghang clans rebelled against Jin and sent an urgent plea for help to Zheng; Zheng came to their aid. Jin attacked Zheng and defeated its army at Tie.
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十四年，宋景公灭曹。二十年，齐田常弑其君简公，而常相于齐。二十二年，楚惠王灭陈。孔子卒。 |
| | In the fourteenth year, Duke Jing of Song destroyed the state of Cao. In the twentieth year, Tian Chang assassinated his ruler, Duke Jian of Qi, and became prime minister of Qi. In the twenty-second year, King Hui of Chu destroyed the state of Chen. Confucius died.
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三十六年，晋知伯伐郑，取九邑。 |
| | In the thirty-sixth year, Zhi Bo of Jin attacked Zheng and captured nine towns.
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三十七年，声公卒，子哀公易立。哀公八年，郑人弑哀公而立声公弟丑，是为共公。共公三年，三晋灭知伯。三十一年，共公卒，子幽公已立。幽公元年，韩武子伐郑，杀幽公。郑人立幽公弟骀，是为繻公。 |
| | In the thirty-seventh year, Duke Sheng died, and his son Yi was enthroned as Duke Ai. In the eighth year of Duke Ai's reign, the people of Zheng assassinated him and enthroned Shenggong's younger brother Chou; he became known as Duke Gong. In the third year of Duke Gong's reign, the three Jin states destroyed Zhi Bo. In the thirty-first year, Duke Gong died, and his son Yigong Yi was enthroned. In the first year of Yigong's reign, Han Wuzi attacked Zheng and killed him. The people of Zheng enthroned Yigong's younger brother Taidai; he became known as Xugong.
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繻公十五年，韩景侯伐郑，取雍丘。郑城京。 |
| | In the fifteenth year of Xugong's reign, Duke Jinghou of Han attacked Zheng and captured Yongqiu. Zheng built a city at Jing.
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十六年，郑伐韩，败韩兵于负黍。二十年，韩、赵、魏列为诸侯。二十三年，郑围韩之阳翟。 |
| | In the sixteenth year, Zheng attacked Han and defeated its forces at Fusu. In the twentieth year, Han, Zhao, and Wei were officially recognized as feudal lords. In the twenty-third year, Zheng besieged Yangzhi of Han.
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二十五年，郑君杀其相子阳。二十七，子阳之党共弑繻公骀而立幽公弟乙为君，是为郑君。郑君乙立二年，郑负黍反，复归韩。十一年，韩伐郑，取阳城。 |
| | In the twenty-fifth year, the ruler of Zheng killed his prime minister Ziyang. In the twenty-seventh year, supporters of Ziyang jointly assassinated Xugong Taidai and enthroned Yigong's younger brother Yi as ruler; he became known as King Zheng. King Zheng Yi reigned for two years, when Fushu of Zheng rebelled and returned to Han. In the eleventh year, Han attacked Zheng and captured Yangcheng.
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二十一年，韩哀侯灭郑，并其国。 |
| | In the twenty-first year, Duke Ai of Han destroyed Zheng and annexed its territory.
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太史公曰：语有之，“以权利合者，权利尽而交疏”，甫瑕是也。甫瑕虽以劫杀郑子内厉公，厉公终背而杀之，此与晋之里克何异？守节如荀息，身死而不能存奚齐。变所从来，亦多故矣！ |
| | Grand Historian said: There is a saying, "Those who associate for the sake of power and profit will become estranged once such advantages vanish"—Fu Xia was an example of this. Although Fu Xia had forced the murder of Duke Zi and installed King Li, King Li eventually betrayed him and had him killed. What difference is there between this and Li Ke of Jin? Xun Xi maintained his principles; he died but could not preserve the rule of Xiqi. The changes that have taken place, and their origins, are indeed numerous!
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