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知悼子卒，未葬，平公饮酒，师旷，李调侍，鼓钟，杜蒉自外来，历阶而升堂。酌曰：旷饮斯。又酌曰：调饮斯，又酌堂上北面坐饮之，降，趋而出，平公呼而进之曰：蒉，尔饮旷何也。曰：子卯不乐，知悼子之丧在堂，未葬，斯其为子卯也。大矣。旷也。大师也。不以诏，是以饮之，尔饮调何也。曰：调也。君之亵臣也。为一饮一食忘君之疾，是以饮之，尔饮何也。曰：蒉也。宰夫也。非刀匕是供，又敢与知防，是以饮也。平公曰：寡人亦有过焉。酌而饮寡人，杜蒉洗爵而扬觯，公谓侍者曰：如我死，则必无废斯爵，至于今既毕献斯扬觯，谓之杜举。 |
| | Zhidaozi died, and he had not yet been buried. Duke Ping was drinking wine, and Shikuang and Lidiao were in attendance. They played the bells. Du Kui came from outside and ascended the hall directly up the steps. He poured a cup of wine and said, "Shikuang should drink this." He poured another cup and said, "Lidiao should drink this." He then poured a third cup for the person sitting facing north on the hall floor to drink. Afterward, he descended quickly and went out. Duke Ping called him forward and asked, "Kui, why did you make Shikuang drink?" He replied, "On the days of Zi and Mao, one should not take pleasure." The funeral rites for Zhidaozi were being held in the hall, but he had not yet been buried; this day was a Zi or Mao day. That is great indeed. Shikuang. He was a Dashi (master of music). Because he did not use the announcement, that is why he made him drink. "Why did you make Lidiao drink?" He replied, "Lidiao." "He is a xian chen (intimate or familiar retainer) of the ruler." "Because for one drink and one meal, he forgot the ruler's calamity day, that is why I made him drink." "Why did you drink?" He replied, "It was me, Kui." I am a Zaifu (a steward or officer in charge of food and supplies). Since I did not provide the knives and ladles, yet dared to participate in knowing about precautions, that is why I drank. Duke Ping said, "I too have made a mistake." He poured and drank to the ruler. Du Kui washed the cup and raised his zhe (a type of drinking vessel), The duke said to his attendants, "If I die, then this cup must never be abandoned," Until now, after the offerings have been completed, raising the zhe in this manner is called "Du Ju."
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孔子过泰山侧，有妇人哭于墓者而哀，夫子式而听之，使子贡，问之。曰：昔吾舅死于虎，吾夫又死焉。今吾子又死焉。夫子曰：何为不去。曰：无苛政。夫子曰：小子识之，苛政猛于虎也。 |
| | Confucius passed by the side of Mount Tai, where a woman was weeping at her grave with great sorrow. The Master held onto the carriage's crossbar to listen to her, He sent Zigong to ask about it. She said, "In the past, my maternal uncle was killed by a tiger, and then my husband also died in the same place." "Now, my son has also died there." The Master asked, "Why don't you leave?" She replied, "Because there is no oppressive government." The Master said, "Young men, remember this: oppressive government policies are more cruel than tigers."
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阳门之介夫死，司城子罕入而哭之哀，晋人之觇宋者。反报于晋侯曰：阳门之介夫死，而子罕哭之哀，而民悦，殆不可伐也。孔子闻之曰：善哉。觇国乎。 |
| | Jiefu of Yangmen died. Sicheng Zihan entered and mourned with great sorrow. The Jin spies who were observing Song. They returned and reported to the Duke of Jin, saying, "The armored guard at Yangmen has died, and Zihan mourned him with great sorrow while the people are pleased. It seems we cannot attack them." Confucius heard about it and said, "Good indeed." "To observe a state."
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