| | 皇帝射於... : |
前一日，太樂令設宮懸之樂，鼓吹令設十二案於射殿之庭，以當月之調，登歌各以其合；東懸在東階東，西面，西懸在西階西，東面；南北二懸，及登歌，廣開中央。張熊侯，去殿九十步，設乏於侯西十步，北十步。設五楅庭前，少西。布侍射者位於西階前，東面北上。布司馬位於侍射位之南，東面。布獲者位於乏東，東面。侍射射位於殿階下，當御前少西，橫布，南面。侍射者弓矢俟於西門外。陳賞物於東階下，少東。置罰豐於西階下，少西。設罰樽於西階西，南北以堂深。設篚於樽西，南肆，實爵加审。 |
| | On the previous day, Taile Ling set up the court music of Gongxuan, and Guchui Ling arranged twelve stands in the courtyard of the shooting hall according to the musical mode of that month; songs were performed at each level as appropriate. The eastern ensemble was placed east of the eastern steps, facing west; the western ensemble was located west of the western steps, facing east. The northern and southern ensembles, along with the ascending singers, were arranged to broadly open up the central area. Zhang Xionghou, ninety paces away from the hall, set up a stand ten paces west of Houshi and ten paces north. Five Bei were placed in front of the courtyard, slightly to the west. The positions for those attending the archery ceremony were arranged in front of the western steps, facing east with ranks ordered from north to south. The positions for Sima were arranged south of the attendants' positions, facing east. The positions for those responsible for retrieving arrows were placed east of the stand, facing west. The shooting positions for the attendants were located below the hall's steps, slightly to the west in front of the emperor, arranged horizontally and facing south. The attendants with bows and arrows waited outside the western gate. Awards were arranged below the eastern steps, slightly to the east. The penalty vessel was placed below the western steps, slightly to the west. The penalty zun (vessel) was set up west of the western steps, arranged north to south according to the depth of the hall. Baskets were placed west of the zun, extending to the south; they contained cups and were added with caution.
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| | 皇帝射於... : |
其日質明，御服武弁出，樂作、警蹕及文武侍衛皆如常儀。文武官俱公服，典謁引入見，樂作及會如元會儀。酒三遍，侍中奏稱：「有司既具，請射。」又侍中前承制，退稱：「制曰可。」王公以下皆降。文官立東階下，西面北上；武官立西階下，於射之後東面北上。持鈒隊群立於兩邊，千牛備身二人橫奉御弓矢立於東階上，西面，執弓者在北。設坫於執弓者之前，置御決拾笥於其上。獲者持旌，自乏南行，當侯東行，至侯，負侯北面立。侍射者出西門外取弓矢，兩手奉弓，搢乘矢於帶，入立於殿下射位西，東面。司馬奉弓自西階升，當西楹前，南面，揮弓命獲者去侯。獲者去侯，西行十步，北行至乏，止。司馬降西階，復位。千牛郎將一人奉決拾以笥，千牛將軍奉弓，千牛郎將奉矢，進立於御榻東，少南，西面。郎將跪奠笥於御榻前少東，拂以巾，取決興，贊設決訖，千牛郎將又跪取拾興，贊設，以笥退，奠於坫上，復位。千牛將軍北面張弓，以袂順左右隈，上再下一，西面，左執弣，右執簫以進御訖，退立於御榻東少後。千牛郎將以巾拂矢進，一一供御。御欲射，協律郎舉麾，先奏鼓吹及樂騶虞五節，御乃射，第一矢與第六節相應，第二矢與第七節相應，以至九節。協律郎偃麾，樂止。千牛將軍以矢行奏，中曰「獲」，下曰「留」，上曰「揚」，左曰「左方」，右曰「右方」。御射訖，千牛將軍於御座東，西面受弓，退付千牛於東階上。千牛郎將以笥受決、拾，退奠於坫上，復位。 |
| | On that day at dawn, the emperor put on his Wu bian headdress and emerged; music was played, the imperial procession was announced, and the civil and military attendants followed as per usual protocol. Civil and military officials all wore official robes; they were introduced by the official in charge of greetings for an audience, with music performed and procedures followed as in the Yuangui ceremony. After three rounds of wine, Shizhong presented a report saying: "The officials have made all preparations; please proceed with the archery." Shizhong then stepped forward to receive the imperial decree, and upon returning, announced: "The decree says 'yes.'" Princes of the kingdom and officials below them all descended. Civil officials stood below the eastern steps, facing west with ranks ordered from north to south; Military officials stood below the western steps, behind those participating in the archery, facing east with ranks arranged from north to south. The spear-bearing squad stood in groups on both sides; two Qinniu Beishen officials horizontally presented the imperial bow and arrows, standing on the upper part of the eastern steps facing west, with the one holding the bow positioned to the north. A dian was set up in front of the person holding the bow; on it were placed the imperial arrow rest, quiver, and basket. Those responsible for retrieving arrows held banners, started from south of the stand, moved eastward toward Houshi, reached Houshi, and then stood facing north behind it. The attendants went outside the western gate to retrieve bows and arrows, holding the bow with both hands, inserting the arrow into their belt; They entered and stood west of the shooting position below the hall, facing east. Sima ascended from the western steps, stood in front of the west ying pillar, facing south, and waved the bow to command those responsible for retrieving arrows to move away from Houshi. Those responsible for retrieving arrows moved away from Houshi, walked ten paces westward, then turned north and proceeded to the stand, where they stopped. Sima descended the western steps and returned to his position. One Qinniu Langjiang presented the arrow rest and quiver in a basket, while Qinniu Jiangjun presented the bow. Another Qinniu Langjiang carried arrows; they advanced to stand east of the imperial couch, slightly south, facing west. Langjiang knelt and placed the basket slightly east of the imperial couch, wiped it with a cloth, took out the arrow rest, raised it, and announced its placement. Then Qinniu Langjiang again knelt to take out the quiver, raised it for announcement, then withdrew with the basket, placed it on the dian, and returned to his position. Qinniu Jiangjun faced north and drew the bow, using his sleeves to smooth both sides of the bow's curve; he pulled it up twice and down once. , Facing west, he held the bow handle in his left hand and the arrow in his right to present it to the emperor. After completing this, he stepped back and stood slightly behind the east side of the imperial couch. Qinniu Langjiang used a cloth to wipe each arrow clean before presenting them one by one for the emperor's use. When the emperor was about to shoot, Xielv Lang raised his flag and first played the drum, bugle, and five sections of the musical piece "Zoushu." The emperor then shot; the first arrow corresponded with the sixth section, the second arrow with the seventh section, continuing up to the ninth section. Xielv Lang lowered his flag and the music ceased. Qinniu Jiangjun reported the results of each shot with an arrow; a hit was called "huo," a low shot "liu," a high shot "yang," a leftward shot "zuofang," and a rightward shot "youfang." After the emperor finished shooting, Qinniu Jiangjun received the bow from the east side of the throne, facing west, then stepped back and handed it to another Qinniu official on the upper part of the eastern stairs. Qinniu Langjiang took the arrow rest and quiver into a basket, stepped back to place them on the dian, then returned to his position.
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| | 皇帝射於... : |
侍射者進，升射席，北面立，左旋，東面張弓，南面挾矢。協律郎舉麾，樂作，不作鼓吹。奏樂貍首三節，然後發矢。若侍射者多，則齊發。第一發與第四節相應，第二發與第五節相應，以至七節。協律郎偃麾，樂止。射者右旋，東面弛弓，北面立，乃退，復西階下位。司馬升西階，自西楹前，南面揮弓命取矢，降復位。取矢者以御矢付千牛郎於東階下，侍射者矢加於楅，北闊。侍射者釋弓於位，庭前北面東上。所司奏請賞侍射中者，罰不中者。侍中稱：「制曰可。」所司立楅之西，東面，監唱射矢。取矢者各唱中者姓名。中者立於東階下，西面北上；不中者立於西階下，東面北上。俱再拜。所司於東階下以次付賞物，受訖，退復西面位。酌者於罰樽西，東面酌，進，北面跪奠於豐上，退立於豐南，少西。不中者進豐南，北面跪取豐上爵，立飲卒爵，跪奠豐下，退復東面位。酌者北向跪取虛爵，酌奠如初。不中者以次繼飲皆如初。訖，典謁引王公以下及侍射者，庭前北面，相對為首，再拜訖，引出。持鈒隊復位。御入，奏樂警蹕如常儀。所司以弓矢出中門外，付侍射者，引出。 |
| | The attendants advanced, ascended the shooting mat, stood facing north, turned left in a circle, faced east to draw their bows, and held arrows while facing south. Xielv Lang raised the flag; music was played but no drum or bugle sounds were made. After playing three sections of "Lishou," they then released their arrows. If there were many attendants shooting, they would all shoot at the same time. The first shot corresponded with the fourth section of music, the second shot with the fifth section, continuing up to seven sections. Xielu Lang lowered his flag and ceased the music. The archers turned right in a circle, facing east to lower their bows, then stood facing north and withdrew back to their positions below the western steps. Sima ascended the western steps and stood in front of the western ying pillar, facing south to wave the bow and command the retrieval of arrows. He then descended and returned to his position. Those retrieving arrows handed the emperor's arrows to Qinniu Lang at the lower part of the eastern steps; the attendants placed their own arrows on Bei, arranged them broadly from north to south. The attendants laid down their bows at their positions and stood facing north in the front of the courtyard with ranks ordered from east to west. The responsible officials presented a request to reward those attendants who hit the target and punish those who missed it. Shizhong announced: "The decree says 'yes.'" The responsible officials stood west of Bei, facing east, and supervised the announcement of each arrow shot. Those retrieving arrows called out the names of those who had hit the target. Those who hit the target stood below the eastern steps, facing north with ranks ordered from west to east; those who missed stood below the western steps, facing north with ranks arranged from east to west. Both groups performed two bows in unison. The responsible officials, below the eastern steps, distributed awards in order; after receiving them, those who had been awarded returned to their positions facing west. The wine-pourer, standing west of the penalty zun and facing east, poured the wine. He then advanced, knelt to place it on Feng while facing north, stepped back, and stood south of Feng, slightly to the west. Those who missed advanced to the southern side of Feng, knelt facing north to take the cup from on top of Feng, stood and drank it in one go, then knelt again to place the empty cup beneath Feng before stepping back to their original positions facing east. The wine-pourer knelt facing north to retrieve an empty cup, then poured and placed it as he had done before. Those who missed took turns continuing the drinking ritual in the same manner as before. Afterward, Dianye led princes of the kingdom and below as well as the attendants to stand in front of the courtyard facing north, arranged opposite each other with ranks starting from the front. After performing two bows, they were led out. The spear-bearing squad returned to their positions. The emperor entered, with music and the imperial procession announced as per usual protocol. The responsible officials took the bows and arrows outside the central gate, handed them to the attendants, who were then led out.
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| | 皇帝射於... : |
若御射無侍射之人，則不設楅，不陳賞物，不設罰樽。若御燕遊小射，則常服，不陳樂懸，不行會禮，王公以下事訖出，無北面再拜之儀。 |
| | If no attendants participated in shooting when the emperor shot, then Bei would not be set up, awards would not be displayed, and a penalty zun would not be arranged. If the emperor conducted a small archery session during a banquet or leisure outing, he would wear regular attire; no court music ensembles would be arranged, and no formal ceremonies would take place. Princes of the kingdom and those below them would leave after completing their duties without performing the ritual of bowing twice while facing north.
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| | 皇帝觀射... : |
前一日，設宮懸、登歌、張麋侯如親射儀。設第一楅於庭前少西，第二楅於第一楅南二步，以次五楅。陳賞物罰豐如親射。布王公以下釋弓矢席位於中門外左右，俱北上。布三品以上會席位於殿上如常儀。布第四品五品會席位於東西階南，在樂懸內，東廂者西面，西廂者東面，俱北上。布六品以下會席位於樂懸之南，北上。布王公以下將射位於東西階前，北上。布左右司射位於王公將射位前，左者西面，右者東面，俱北上。布司馬位於右司射南，東面。布三品以上及左供奉官射席位於御座東楹閒，少前；布三品以上及右供奉官射席位於御座西楹閒，少前。布四品以下射席位於殿階下如殿上儀。布獲者位於乏東，東面，取矢者在獲者南，俱東面。置左右司射各三人，司馬二人。 |
| | The day before, the court arranged palace music ensembles, chanted hymns from a raised platform, and prepared the deer hunting ceremony as in the ritual for a personal royal hunt. A first target was set up slightly west of the front courtyard, and the second target was placed two bu to the south of the first one; five targets were arranged in this manner. The rewards and penalties for the event were arranged as they would be for a personal royal hunt. The positions of the nobles, officials, and others below them to lay down their bows and arrows were arranged on both sides outside the central gate, all facing north. The positions for those of the third rank and above to gather on the hall floor were arranged as per usual protocol. The positions for those of fourth and fifth ranks to gather were arranged on the southern part of the eastern and western steps, inside the area where music ensembles were set up. Those in the east wing faced westward, while those in the west wing faced eastward; all turned northward. The gathering positions for those below sixth rank were arranged south of the music ensemble area, all facing north. The shooting positions for nobles, officials, and those below them were arranged in front of the eastern and western steps; all faced north. The positions for the left and right officials in charge of shooting were arranged in front of the shooting positions of the nobles. The official on the left faced westward, and the one on the right faced eastward; both turned northward. The position for the officer in charge of military affairs was arranged to the south of the right official in charge of shooting, facing east. The shooting positions for those above third rank and the left attendants were arranged between the eastern pillars of the imperial throne, slightly forward; The shooting positions for those above third grade and the right attendants were arranged between the western pillars of the imperial throne, a little forward. The shooting positions for officials of fourth rank and below were arranged on the steps beneath the hall in accordance with the protocol used on the hall floor. The positions for those who caught arrows were arranged to the east of the target, facing eastward; and the arrow retrievers stood south of them, also facing east. Three officials in charge of shooting on each side and two officers in charge of military affairs were appointed.
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| | 皇帝觀射... : |
其日質明，王公以下俱公服，持弓矢，分為左右引入，至中門外位。御服武弁服出，樂作，警蹕如常儀。王公以下皆跪釋弓矢於位，典謁引入見會如常儀。酒三遍，所司奏請賜王公以下射。侍中前承詔，退稱：「制曰可。」王公以下將射者皆降庭前，北面，相對為首，再拜訖，典謁引出復中門外位，跪取弓矢，興，兩手奉弓，搢乘矢，典謁引入就將射位。左右司射及司馬及獲者皆就位。執罰樽者立於樽南，執篚者立於篚南，皆北面；酌者立於樽西，東面。獲者持旌自乏南行十步，當侯東行，至侯，負侯北面立。 |
| | On that day, at the break of dawn, nobles and officials below them all wore official robes, held bows and arrows, and were divided into left and right groups to be led in. They arrived at their positions outside the central gate. The emperor donned his ceremonial military cap and robe, and proceeded out; music was played, and the imperial procession moved forward as per usual protocol. The nobles and officials below all knelt at their positions to lay down their bows and arrows; the official in charge of ceremonies led them into a meeting with the emperor as per usual protocol. After three rounds of wine were served, the officials in charge presented a request to grant permission for nobles and lower-ranking officials to shoot. The Attendant-in-Ordinary stepped forward to receive the imperial decree, then retreated and announced: "The edict says 'approved.'" Those about to shoot, including nobles and officials below, all descended in front of the courtyard, faced northward, stood opposite each other as a group, and after bowing twice, the official in charge led them out and back to their positions outside the central gate; they knelt to retrieve their bows and arrows, rose, held the bow with both hands, inserted an arrow into the quiver on their belt, and were then led by the official to their shooting positions. The officials in charge of shooting from both sides, the officer in charge of military matters, and those responsible for collecting arrows all took their positions. The attendants holding the penalty wine vessels stood to the south of the vessels, and those holding the bamboo baskets stood to the south of their respective baskets; all faced northward; the pourer stood west of the wine vessel, facing east. The arrow collector holding a flag walked ten bu from the south side of the target area toward the east, then arrived at the target and stood facing north behind it.
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| | 皇帝觀射... : |
左右司射各一人先導射，皆搢乘矢於帶，兩手奉弓，左者從東階，右者從西階，至階，左者西面，右者東面，相顧立定，俱升，進，各當席前，北面俱進，升射席。立定，左廂者右旋，西面張弓，右廂者左旋，東面張弓，俱南面，挾一丢。司馬執弓自西階升，當右射者前，左旋南面，揮弓命獲者去侯。獲者持旌去侯，西行十步，當乏北行，至乏，止。乃射。左司射一發，右司射一發，更迭射訖，左司射左旋西面弛弓，右司射右旋東面弛弓，俱北面立定，俱少退，各從東西階降於階下，相向立定，乃退復位。 |
| | One official from each side in charge of shooting led the archery first. Both inserted an arrow into their belt, held the bow with two hands; the one on the left ascended via the eastern steps and the one on the right via the western steps. Upon reaching the steps, the left official faced westward while the right one faced eastward, they looked at each other and stood still, then both ascended, advanced forward to stand in front of their respective mats, turned northward together, and entered the shooting area. After standing still, those from the left side turned rightward and faced west to draw their bows; those from the right side turned leftward and faced east to draw theirs. Both then turned southward and held an arrow in one hand. The officer in charge of military affairs ascended from the western steps, stood in front of the right-side shooter, turned leftward to face south, raised his bow, and signaled for the arrow collector to move away from the target. The arrow collector holding the flag moved away from the target, walked ten bu westward, then turned north and proceeded to the area of the target; he stopped upon arrival. Then they shot. The official on the left shot once, and then the one on the right shot once; they alternated until their shooting was completed. Afterward, the left-side official turned left to face west and lowered his bow, while the right-side official turned right to face east and did likewise. Both stood facing north, slightly stepped back, descended from the eastern and western steps respectively to the base of the steps, faced each other, and then withdrew to their original positions.
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| | 皇帝觀射... : |
左右司射各於王公位前，北面次比王公從首六人，引從東西階升如司射之儀。至射席，相對為首，北面立，左者右旋西面張弓，右者左旋東面張弓，俱南面，挾一丢。所司奏：「請以射樂樂王公以下。」侍中前承制，退稱：「制曰可。」通事舍人承傳，西面告太常卿，太常卿於西懸內東面命樂正曰：「奏樂，閒若一。」司射自西階升，當御前少西，東向誓曰：「無射獲，無獵獲。」射者俱逡巡，司射退，降復位。司射又升西階誓曰：「不鼓不釋。」射者又逡巡，司射退降復位。協律郎舉麾，作貍首之樂三節訖，左右俱一發使與第四節相應，左右又一發使與第五節相應，以至七節射訖，協律郎偃麾，樂止。左廂射者左旋西面弛弓，右廂射者右旋東面弛弓，俱北面立，少退，從東西階降，立於階下，相向北上立定，乃退。左右司射各以次取六人，俱升射如初。四品以下射於殿下，即射席升降及射與樂相應如殿上儀。射訖者，三品以上及近侍之官釋弓於下，升復會位，四品以下皆復會位，坐。其未射者立，繼射如初。 |
| | The officials in charge of shooting on both sides each stood before the positions of the nobles, facing northward and arranged six people from the beginning of the noble group. They led them up via the eastern and western steps following the same procedures as for the officials in charge of shooting. Upon reaching the shooting area, they stood opposite each other at the front, facing north. The one on the left turned rightward to face west and drew his bow; the one on the right turned leftward to face east and drew his bow. Both then faced south and held an arrow in hand. The officials in charge presented a report: "We request that the archery music be played for the nobles and lower-ranking officials." The Attendant-in-Ordinary advanced to receive the imperial order, then stepped back and announced: "The edict says 'approved.'" The Tongshi She Ren (attendant) received the order and, facing westward, informed the Taichang Qing. The Taichang Qing stood inside the western music ensemble area and, facing east, addressed the chief musician: "Play the music; keep a one-beat interval." The official in charge of shooting ascended from the western steps and stood slightly west of the position before the emperor, facing east to give a warning: "Do not shoot without hitting; do not hunt without success." The archers all moved forward slowly and respectfully; the official in charge then withdrew, descended to his original position. The official in charge ascended the western steps again and gave a warning: "Do not shoot without the drum signal; do not release your arrows prematurely." The archers once again moved forward slowly and respectfully; then the official in charge withdrew and returned to his position. The Xielv Lang raised the flag, and the music of "Lishou" was played for three sections. After that, both sides shot once in coordination with the fourth section; then they each shot again to match the fifth section, continuing until all seven sections were completed. The Xielu Lang lowered his flag, and the music ceased. The archers from the left side turned leftward to face west and lowered their bows, while those on the right side turned rightward to face east and did the same. All then faced north, slightly stepped back, and descended via the eastern or western steps to stand at the base of the steps; they stood facing each other with backs toward the north until instructed to withdraw. The officials in charge on both sides successively selected six people each, and all ascended for shooting as before. Officials of fourth rank and below shot at the base of the hall; their procedures for ascending to and descending from the shooting area, as well as coordinating their shots with the music, followed the same protocol used on the upper hall floor. After completing their shooting, those of third rank and above as well as nearby attendants lowered their bows at the lower level and ascended back to their gathering positions. Officials of fourth rank and below all returned to their respective gathering positions and sat down. Those who had not yet shot remained standing, and continued shooting as before.
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| | 皇帝觀射... : |
射總訖，司馬升殿，揮弓命取矢。取矢者上中下矢各一人持，其不中者矢亦一人持，至庭前，其第一矢跪加第一楅，北闊，其以下次加楅訖，取矢者各立楅南，北面。王公以下各降，執弓庭前北面立。 |
| | After all the archery was completed, the officer in charge of military affairs ascended to the hall, raised his bow to signal for the retrieval of arrows. One person each took the upper, middle, and lower arrows that had hit the target; one person also collected those that missed. They brought them to the front of the courtyard. The first arrow was then knelt down and placed on the first target board at its northern edge; subsequently, the remaining arrows were added in order onto their respective targets until all were placed. Each arrow retriever stood south of his assigned target board, facing northward. The nobles and officials below descended to the courtyard in front, where they stood holding their bows with backs toward the north.
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| | 皇帝觀射... : |
所司奏請賞射中者，罰不中者。侍中承制，退稱：「制曰可。」所司立楅之西，東面監唱射矢。取矢者各唱中者姓名。中者立東階下，西面北上，依射中疏密為第。其不中者立於西階下，東面北上，依品為序。東西俱再拜。所司東階下以次付賞物，受訖者退復西面位。酌者於罰樽西，東面酌，進，北面跪奠爵豐上，立於豐南少西。不中者豐南北面橫奠弓，跪取爵，立飲卒爵，跪奠爵豐下，取弓，退復東面位。酌者繼酌奠於豐，不中者以次飲皆如初。 |
| | The officials in charge presented a request for rewards to be given to those who hit the target and penalties imposed on those who missed. The Attendant-in-Ordinary received the imperial order, stepped back, and announced: "The edict says 'approved.'" The officials in charge stood west of the target board, facing east to oversee and announce the results of each shot. Each arrow retriever called out the name of the person who had hit the target. Those who hit the target stood below the eastern steps, facing west and arranged in a north-south line according to the frequency or accuracy of their hits. Those who did not hit the target stood below the western steps, facing east and arranged in a north-south order according to their official rank. Those on both the eastern and western sides bowed twice. The officials in charge distributed rewards in order at the base of the eastern steps; those who had received their rewards withdrew and returned to their positions facing west. The pourer, standing west of the penalty wine vessel and facing east, poured the wine. He then advanced forward, knelt with his back to the north to place the cup on the sacrificial stand, and stood slightly west of its southern side. Those who missed the target, standing north of the sacrificial stand and facing south, laid their bows horizontally on the ground. They knelt to take up the cup, stood to drink it quickly, then knelt again to place the empty cup beneath the sacrificial stand; they retrieved their bows and withdrew back to their positions facing east. The pourer continued pouring wine onto the sacrificial stand, while those who missed took turns drinking as before.
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| | 皇帝觀射... : |
若更射，則取矢者以矢就東西面位，付射者。訖，左右司射各從首取王公以下六人升射如初，始作樂、與樂相應如上儀。其賞罰皆如初訖，典謁者引中者及不中者及不射者，皆庭前北面，各依品相對，再拜訖，出復中門外位。持鈒者復位。御入，樂作，警蹕如常。所司持矢出中門外，付射者訖，引出。 |
| | If there was another round of shooting, then the arrow retrievers would bring the arrows to the positions facing east and west and hand them over to the archers. Afterward, officials in charge from both sides selected six people each from the beginning of their respective groups and led them to shoot as before; music was played again, and coordination with it followed the procedures described above. The rewards and punishments were all carried out as before. The official in charge of ceremonies then led those who had hit the target, those who missed it, and those who did not shoot at all to stand facing north in front of the courtyard; they arranged themselves according to rank on opposite sides, bowed twice, and then exited back to their positions outside the central door. The attendants carrying the ceremonial staffs returned to their original positions. The emperor entered, music was played, and the procession moved forward with imperial guards as usual. The officials in charge carried the arrows out through the central gate, handed them to the archers, and then led everyone out.
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| | 皇帝觀射... : |
若御不親觀射，則不設樂懸。王公以下各執弓矢入庭前，北面拜訖，通事舍人宣敕賜王公以下食，王公等皆再拜。典謁引王公以下就東西廊下食訖，舍人又宣敕賜王公以下射，王公以下在位者皆再拜。左右司射引王公以下皆如御前之儀。射訖，王公以下皆北面相對立。通事舍人宣敕云：「射中者依算賜物，不中者罰酒。」王公等皆再拜。其受賞及罰皆如御前之儀。北面再拜，取矢訖，引出。 |
| | If the emperor did not personally observe the archery event, then no music ensembles would be set up. Nobles and officials below each held their bows and arrows as they entered the courtyard, bowed facing northward after which a Tongshi She Ren announced an imperial decree granting food to nobles and lower-ranking officials; all of them then bowed twice. The official in charge of ceremonies led the nobles and officials below to dine beneath the eastern and western corridors. After finishing their meal, a She Ren again announced an imperial decree granting permission for archery; all those present among the nobles and lower officials bowed twice. The officials in charge from both sides led the nobles and others below according to the same procedures used when the emperor was present. After completing their shooting, the nobles and officials of lower ranks all stood facing northward in opposite positions. The Tongshi She Ren announced by imperial decree: "Those who hit the target will be rewarded according to their scores, and those who missed shall be punished with wine." All the nobles bowed twice. The procedures for receiving rewards and penalties were all conducted in accordance with those used when the emperor was personally present. They bowed twice facing north, retrieved their arrows, and then were led out.
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| | 制遣大將... : |
將告，有司卜日如別儀。 |
| | The announcement was made, and the officials divined a date according to the separate ceremony.
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| | 制遣大將... : |
前一日，諸告官致齋於社所。守宮設告官以下次各於常所，諸將次於社宮北門外道西，東向南上。右校清掃內外，又為瘞埳二於南門內壇西南如常。奉禮設告官以下版位如常儀。設諸將位於北門內，當太社壇，南面東上；設諸將門外位於北門外道西，東向南上。郊社令帥其屬設樽罍玉帛等如式，執樽罍者位如常。 |
| | On the previous day, all the officials in charge of announcements observed a period of fasting at the site of the earth deity's altar. The palace guards arranged the positions for the announcement officials and those below them at their usual locations, while all the generals stationed themselves along the western side of the road outside the northern gate of Shegong, facing east with ranks ordered from south to north. Youxiao cleared and swept the interior and exterior areas, and also dug two burial pits as usual at the southwest of the altar inside the southern gate. The official in charge of ceremonies arranged the wooden tablet positions for the announcement officials and all those below them according to the usual ritual procedures. The positions for all the generals were set up inside the northern gate, facing the Tai She altar, arranged with ranks from south to north and eastward. The positions for all the generals outside the gate were set up along the western side of the road beyond the northern gate, facing east with ranks arranged from south to north. The Jiaoshe Ling led his subordinates in setting up the wine vessels, jade offerings, silk fabrics, and other items according to established standards; the positions of those holding the wine vessels were arranged as usual.
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| | 制遣大將... : |
告日未明十刻，太官令先具牢饌。質明，告官等各服其服，太史令、郊社令升設神席，良醞令之屬入實樽罍玉幣。奉禮帥贊者先入就位。贊引引御史、太祝以下入，行掃除如常儀訖，就位。贊引引告官以下俱就門外位。謁者引告官，贊引引執事者入就位。立定，奉禮曰：「再拜。」贊者承傳，告官以下皆再拜。太官令出，帥進饌者奉饌陳於西門外。初告官等入，謁者引諸將俱就門外位；告官入訖，謁者引諸將入就位。立定，奉禮曰：「再拜。」大將以下皆再拜。 |
| | Ten ke before dawn on the day of announcement, the Taiguan Ling first prepared the sacrificial food and offerings. At daybreak, the announcement officials and others donned their respective ceremonial robes. The Taishi Ling and Jiaoshe Ling ascended to set up the deity's mat, while the Liangyun Ling and his subordinates entered to fill the wine vessels with offerings of jade and silk. The official in charge of ceremonies led the assistants into their positions first. Zanyin guided the Yushi, Taizhu and those below them to enter; after completing the sweeping ceremony according to usual procedures, they took their positions. Zanyin led the announcement officials and all others into their designated positions outside the gate. Yezhe guided the announcement official, while Zanyin led the attendants into their respective positions. After standing in position, the official in charge of ceremonies said: "Bow twice." The assistants relayed the instruction, and all officials from the announcement officer downward bowed twice. The Taiguan Ling exited, leading those who carried the sacrificial food to present and arrange it outside the western gate. When the announcement officials first entered, Yezhe led all the generals into their positions outside the gate; After the announcement officials had finished entering, Yezhe guided the generals to enter and take their positions. After standing in position, the ceremony official said: "Bow twice." All generals and those below them bowed twice.
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| | 制遣大將... : |
謁者進告官之左，白：「有司謹具，請行事。」還本位。諸祝俱取玉幣於篚，各立於樽所。謁者引告官詣太社壇升北陛，以下至奠玉幣、酌飲福、受胙，如巡狩告社攝事儀。初告官詣稷壇，謁者引諸將詣太社壇，升西陛，進立於太社神主前，南面東上。初諸將升，諸祝帥齋郎以爵酌福酒，進諸將東，西面立。諸將皆再拜受爵，跪祭酒，啐酒，奠爵，俛伏，興。諸祝帥齋郎進俎，減神前胙肉以次授，諸將受以授齋郎。諸將俱跪取爵，遂飲卒爵，太祝帥齋郎受爵，復於坫。諸將俛伏，興，再拜訖，謁者引諸將降詣太稷壇，飲福受胙如太社儀訖，還本位。奉禮曰：「再拜。」諸將以下皆再拜，謁者引出。初諸將出，諸祝各進跪徹豆，以下及告官望瘞玉幣至禮畢，如巡狩告社儀。 |
| | Yezhe advanced to the left of the announcement official and announced: "The officials have carefully prepared everything; please proceed with the ceremony." Return to your original position. All the Taizhu took the jade and silk offerings from the bamboo basket and stood at their respective wine vessel locations. Yezhe led the announcement official to ascend the northern steps of the Tai She altar; from there, all subsequent procedures including presenting jade and silk offerings, pouring sacrificial wine, and receiving portions of meat were carried out according to the ritual for announcing a tour of inspection at the She altar in place of the emperor. When the announcement official first approached the Ji altar, Yezhe led the generals to approach the Tai She altar. They ascended the western steps and stood in front of the main deity tablet of Tai She, facing south with ranks arranged from east to west. When the generals first ascended, all Taizhu led the zhai lang in pouring sacrificial wine into cups and presented it to the generals on their east side, where they stood facing west. All the generals bowed twice to receive the cup, knelt to pour a libation of wine, tasted it, placed the cup down, then bowed deeply and rose. The Taizhu led the zhai-lang in presenting the sacrificial platters, and portions of meat from before the deity were successively handed over. The generals received them and then passed them to the zhai-lang. All the generals knelt, took their cups, drank until they were empty, and then the Taizhu led the zhai-langs in receiving the cups and returning them to the dian. The generals bowed deeply, rose, and completed their two bows. Yezhe then led the generals down to the Tai Ji altar, where they partook of sacrificial wine and received portions of meat according to the same procedures as at the Tai She altar; after finishing these rites, they returned to their original positions. The official in charge of ceremonies said: "Bow twice." All the generals and those below them bowed twice, after which Yezhe led them out. When the generals first exited, each Taizhu advanced and knelt to remove the sacrificial vessels. Thereafter, including the announcement official's viewing of the burial of jade and silk offerings until the rites were completed, all procedures followed those of announcing a tour at the She altar as in the case of an imperial inspection tour.
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| | 制遣大將... : |
若凱旋，唯陳俘馘及軍實於北門之外，南面，其告禮如上儀，祝版燔於齋所。 |
| | If it was a victorious return, only the captives, severed enemy ears, and military spoils were displayed outside the northern gate facing south. The announcement ceremony followed the procedures described above, and the wooden tablets for the Taizhu were burned at the fasting site.
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| | 制遣大將... : |
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| | 制遣大將... : |
將告，有司卜日如別儀。 |
| | Before proceeding with the announcement, the officials divined an appropriate date according to a separate ceremony.
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| | 制遣大將... : |
前一日，諸告官致齋於廟所。衛尉設告官以下次各於常所，右校掃除內外，奉禮設告官版位於內外如常。設諸將位於廟庭橫階南道東，每等異位，重行北面，西上。又設諸將門外位於南門外道東，重行西向，北上。太廟令整拂神幄，又帥其屬以樽坫罍洗篚审入設，皆如常儀。 |
| | The day before, all officials responsible for announcements observed a period of fasting and purification at the temple site. The Weiwei established ranks for officials responsible for announcements and below at their usual locations. Youxiao cleaned the interior and exterior areas, while Fengli set up the positions of the announcement officials inside and outside as customary. The positions for various generals were established on the eastern side of the southern path at the horizontal steps in the temple courtyard. Each rank occupied a different position, arranged in double rows facing north, with precedence given to the west. Additionally, positions for various generals outside the gate were set up on the eastern side of the path outside the southern gate, arranged in double rows facing west, with precedence given to the north. The Taemiaoling dusted and tidied the shrine canopy, then led his subordinates to bring in the ritual vessels—zun, dian, lei, xin, fei, and shen—and set them up according to the usual ceremony.
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| | 制遣大將... : |
告日未明十刻，太官令先具牢饌如常。未明三刻，諸告官以下各服其服，太廟令、良醞令入實樽罍及幣。未明二刻，奉禮帥贊者先入就位。贊引引御史、太祝以下再拜入，行掃除皆如常。贊引引太廟令、太祝、宮闈令自東階升，入，開埳室，奉出獻祖以下神主，各置於座如常儀。各引就位。又贊引引告官以次入就位。立定，奉禮曰：「再拜。」告官以下皆再拜。太官令出，帥進饌者奉饌陳於東門外。謁者引諸將以下入就位。立定，奉禮曰：「再拜。」諸將以下皆再拜。 |
| | Ten ke before dawn on the day of announcement, the Taiguangling first prepared the sacrificial offerings and food as customary. Three ke before dawn, all announcement officials and those below them donned their respective ceremonial robes. The Taemiaoling and Liangyunling entered to fill the ritual vessels with wine and placed the sacrificial cloth inside. Two ke before dawn, Fengli led the assistants to enter and take their positions first. The assistant guides led the Yushi, Taizhu, and those below them in bowing twice before entering; all sweeping and cleaning procedures were carried out as usual. The assistant guides led the Taemiaoling, Taizhu, and Gongwei ling up from the eastern steps to enter, opened the kantang chamber, retrieved the ancestral tablets of Xianzu and those below him, and placed each on its respective seat according to customary procedures. Each was then guided to take their position. Additionally, the assistant guides led the announcement officials in order as they entered and took their positions. After standing at attention, Fengli said: "Bow twice." All officials responsible for the announcement and those below them bowed twice. The Taiguangling exited, leading those who presented the offerings to carry out the sacrificial food and arrange it outside the eastern gate. Yezhe led all generals and those below them into position. After standing at attention, Fengli proclaimed: "Bow twice." All generals and those below them bowed twice.
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| | 制遣大將... : |
謁者進告官之左，白：「有司謹具，請行事。」還本位。諸祝取幣於篚，各立於樽所。謁者引告官升自東階，詣獻祖室戶前北向立。太祝以幣進，東向授告官，告官受，進，入室，北面跪奠於獻祖座，俛伏，興，出戶，北向再拜訖，次懿祖以下並如上儀。謁者引還本位，祝還樽所。太官令引饌入，自正門升太階，諸祝迎引於階上，各設於神座前訖，太官之屬還本位訖，諸祝各還樽所。謁者引告官盥洗、酌獻、讀祝文，自九室以下及飲福、受胙皆如常儀。再拜訖，謁者引告官降復位。告官飲福將訖，謁者引諸將升東階，進當皇考睿宗大聖真皇帝廟室戶前，北面西上。初諸將升，諸祝帥齋郎以爵酌福酒詣諸將之東，西面北上。諸將皆再拜受爵，跪祭酒，啐酒，奠爵，俛伏，興。諸祝帥齋郎進俎，減神前胙肉，以次授諸將。諸將受以授齋郎。諸將俱跪取爵，遂飲卒爵。太祝帥齋郎受爵，復於坫。諸將俛伏，興，再拜訖，謁者引諸將降復位。奉禮曰：「再拜。」諸將以下皆再拜，謁者引出。諸祝各進神座前，跪徹豆，俛伏，興，還樽所。奉禮曰：「賜胙。」贊者唱：「再拜。」在位者俱再拜。奉禮曰：「再拜。」告官以下皆再拜訖，謁者進告官之左，白：「請就望瘞位。」謁者引告官就望瘞位，至禮畢如常儀。其窴土，埳東西各二人。太廟令納神主如常儀，祝版燔於齋坊。 |
| | Yezhe advanced to the left of the announcement official and announced: "The officials have carefully prepared everything; please proceed with the ceremony." They returned to their original positions. The Taizhu retrieved the sacrificial cloth from the fei baskets and stood at their respective positions near the ritual vessels. Yezhe led the announcement official up from the eastern steps, to stand facing north before the door of Xianzu's chamber. The Taizhu presented the sacrificial cloth, facing east and handing it to the announcement official. The announcement official received it, advanced, entered the chamber, knelt facing north to place the offering before Xianzu's tablet, then bowed his head in reverence, rose, exited through the door, and performed two bows facing north. After completing this, he proceeded with Yizu and those below following the same procedures as above. Yezhe led him back to his original position, while the Taizhu returned to their positions near the ritual vessels. The Taiguangling led the sacrificial food into the temple, ascending from the main gate to the central steps. The Taizhu met and guided them on the steps, placing the offerings before each ancestral tablet in turn. After all the Taiguang's subordinates had returned to their original positions, the Taizhu also returned to their respective places near the ritual vessels. Yezhe led the announcement official through the hand-washing and rinsing ritual, the offering of wine, and the reading of the sacrificial text. From the nine ancestral chambers downward, as well as the rituals for drinking the blessed wine and receiving portions of the sacrifice, all were carried out according to customary procedures. After completing two bows, Yezhe led the official responsible for announcement down from his position and back to where he had originally stood. Just before the announcement official completed the ritual of drinking the blessed wine, Yezhe led all the generals up from the eastern steps and had them advance to stand in front of the door of the temple chamber for Huangkao Ruizong Dasheng Zhenhuangdi, facing north with precedence given to those on the west. Initially, as the generals ascended, the Taizhu led the zhai lang to pour the blessed wine into jues and bring them to the east of the generals, where they stood facing west with precedence given to those in the north. All the generals bowed twice to receive their jues, knelt to pour a portion of wine as an offering, tasted it, placed down their jues, then bowed deeply and rose. The Taizhu led the zai lang forward with sacrificial platters, took portions of meat from before the ancestral tablets, and passed them to the generals in order. The generals received the offerings and then handed them back to the zhai lang. All the generals knelt, took their jues, and drank until they were empty. The Taizhu led the Zhai lang to receive the jues and return them to the dian. The generals bowed their heads in reverence, rose, and completed two bows. Yezhe then led them down from the steps and back to their original positions. Fengli announced: "Bow twice." All the generals and those below them bowed twice, after which Yezhe led them out. The Taizhu each advanced to before the ancestral tablets, knelt to remove the ritual food vessels, bowed their heads in reverence, then rose and returned to their positions near the wine vessels. Fengli announced: "Grant portions of sacrificial meat." The assistants chanted: "Bow twice." All those present bowed twice. Fengli announced: "Bow twice." All officials responsible for the announcement, and those below them, completed two bows. Yezhe advanced to stand on the left side of the announcer and announced: "Please proceed to the position for looking toward the burial site." Yezhe led the announcer to the designated spot for gazing at the burial location, and from there onward, all procedures followed customary rites until the ceremony concluded. For covering the pit with soil, two people were stationed to the east and west of the kantang respectively. The Taemiaoling returned the ancestral tablets to their place according to customary rites, and the sacrificial texts were burned at the zhai fang.
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| | 制遣大將... : |
若凱旋，唯陳俘馘及軍實於南門外，北面西上，其告儀如上。 |
| | If a victorious return occurred, captives, severed enemy heads, and military spoils were displayed outside the southern gate in rows facing north with precedence to the west. The announcement ceremony followed the procedures described above.
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| | 仲春祀馬... : |
將祀，有司筮日如別儀。 |
| | Before the sacrifice, the officials divined a suitable day according to the established ritual procedures.
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| | 仲春祀馬... : |
前祀三日，應享之官散齋二日、致齋一日如別儀。 |
| | Three days before the sacrifice, officials who should partake in the offering observed a period of general purification for two days and strict fasting for one day according to established rituals.
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| | 仲春祀馬... : |
前祀二日，守宮設祀官次於東壝外道南，北向西上。陳饌幔於內壝外。郊社令積柴於燎壇，方高五尺。太官令具特牲之饌。 |
| | Two days before the sacrifice, the palace guards set up temporary accommodations for the sacrificial officials outside the eastern enclosure wall along the southern side of the road, facing north with positions arranged westward. They placed the food canopies and tents outside the inner enclosure wall. The Jiaoshe Ling (official in charge of sacrificial rites) stacked firewood on the altar for burning, forming a square pile five chi high. The Taiguan Ling (head of the imperial kitchen) prepared the offerings consisting of a single sacrificial animal.
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| | 仲春祀馬... : |
其日未明二刻，太史令、郊社令升設神座於壇上，席以莞，南向。奉禮設獻官位於壇東南，西向；執事位又於東南，俱西向北上。設奉禮位於獻官西南，贊者二人在南差退。又設奉禮贊者位於燎壇東北，俱西向北上。設望燎位當柴壇北，南向。設祀官等門外位於東壝外道南，西上。郊社令設酒樽於壇上東南隅，北向。洗於壇東南，北向，執樽篚者如常，幣篚於樽所。 |
| | loin Two ke before dawn on that day, the Taishi Ling (Head of the Bureau of Astronomy) and Jiaoshe Ling ascended to set up the deity's seat on the altar, with mats made of wǎn grass laid down facing south. The Fengli (ritual officer) established the position for the offering official at the southeast side of the altar, facing west; The positions for the attendants were also set in the southeast area, all arranged to face west with ranks ordered northward. They established the Fengli's position at the southwest of the offering official, while two assistants stood slightly behind to the south. Additionally, they set up positions for the Fengli and his assistant at the northeast of the fire altar, all facing west with ranks arranged northward. They established the position to observe the burning sacrifice in front of the northern side of the firewood altar, facing south. The positions for the sacrificial officials and others outside the gate were set along the southern side of the eastern enclosure wall road, arranged westward in order. The Jiaoshe Ling placed wine vessels at the southeast corner of the altar top, facing north. The washing area was set up to the southeast of the altar, facing north; attendants holding wine vessels and bamboo baskets followed standard procedures, with silk offerings placed in their respective baskets at the location of the wine vessels.
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| | 仲春祀馬... : |
未明一刻，太祝、獻官等各服其服，郊社令與良醞令入實樽罍及幣。 |
| | One ke before dawn, the Tai Zhu (high priest) and offering officials each donned their appropriate ceremonial robes. The Jiaoshe Ling and Liangyun Ling entered to fill the wine vessels and place the silk offerings inside.
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| | 仲春祀馬... : |
質明，謁者引獻官以下俱就門外位。奉禮郎帥贊者先入就位。贊引引太祝與執樽罍篚审者入，當壇南重行，北面西上。立定，奉禮曰：「再拜。」贊者承傳，太祝以下俱再拜。太祝與執樽者，升東階，至樽所，執罍洗篚审者各就位。謁者引獻官以下入就位。立定，奉禮曰：「再拜。」在位者俱再拜。 |
| | At daybreak, the Ye Zhe (attendant official) led the offering officials and those below them to their designated positions outside the gate. The Fengli Lang led his assistants into position first. Zanyin guided the Tai Zhu and those holding wine vessels, bamboo baskets, and reviewing items into position in two rows facing north at the southern side of the altar, arranged westward. After standing in place, the Fengli said: "Bow twice." The assistants relayed the instruction, and the Tai Zhu along with those below him all bowed twice. The Tai Zhu and those carrying wine vessels ascended the eastern steps to reach the location of the wine offerings, while those holding the ritual washing items, bamboo baskets, and review materials each took their positions. The Ye Zhe led the offering official and those below him into position. After standing in place, the Feng Li said: "Bow twice." All those present bowed twice.
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| | 仲春祀馬... : |
謁者進獻官之左，白：「有司謹具，請行事。」退復位。太官令出詣饌所，太祝跪取幣於篚，興，立樽所。謁者引獻官詣神座前，北面立。太祝奉幣東向授獻官，獻官受幣，進，北面跪奠於神座，俛伏，興，少退，北面再拜，謁者引獻官還本位。太官令引饌入，升西陛，太祝迎引於壇上，設於神座前訖，太官令以下降復位，太祝還樽所。謁者引獻官詣罍洗，盥手洗爵訖，謁者引獻官升自南陛，詣酒樽所，執樽者舉审，獻官酌酒，謁者引獻官進神座前，北向跪奠爵，俛伏，興，少退北向立。太祝持版進於神座之右，東面跪讀祝文曰：「維某年歲次月朔日，天子謹遣具官臣姓名，昭告於馬祖天駟之神：爰以春季，遊牝於牧，祗薦制幣犧齊，粢盛庶品，明薦於馬祖天駟之神，尚饗。」訖，興。獻官再拜。太祝進，跪奠版於神座，俛伏，興，還樽所。太祝以爵酌福酒，進獻官之右，西向立。獻官再拜，受爵，跪祭酒，遂飲卒爵。太祝進受爵，復於坫。獻官俛伏，興。太祝帥齋郎進俎，減神前胙肉，以授獻官。獻官受以授齋郎，謁者引獻官降自南陛，還本位。太祝進，跪徹豆，俛伏，興，還樽所。奉禮曰：「再拜。」在位者皆再拜。奉禮又曰：「再拜。」在位者俱再拜。 |
| | The Ye Zhe stepped forward to the left of the offering official and announced: "The officials have prepared everything carefully, please proceed with the ceremony." He then returned to his position. The Taiguan Ling exited to the food preparation area, while the Tai Zhu knelt and retrieved the silk offering from the basket, then rose and stood at the location of the wine vessel. The Ye Zhe led the contributing official to in front of the deity's seat, where he stood facing north. The Tai Zhu presented the silk offering to the contributing official, facing east. The contributing official received it, advanced, and knelt before the deity's seat facing north to place the offering there; he then bowed his head in reverence, rose, stepped back slightly, and performed two bows facing north. The Ye Zhe led him back to his original position. The Taiguan Ling led the food offerings into the altar area, ascending the western steps. The Tai Zhu met and guided them on the altar to set up the offerings in front of the deity's seat. After completing this task, the Taiguan Ling and those below him descended back to their positions, while the Tai Zhu returned to the location of the wine vessels. The Ye Zhe led the sacrificing official to the wine and washing area, where he washed his hands and rinsed the wine cup. After completing these rituals, the Ye Zhe guided him up from the southern steps to the location of the wine offering. The attendant holding the wine vessel raised it for inspection, and the sacrificing official poured the wine. Then, led by the Ye Zhe, the sacrificing official advanced to in front of the deity's altar seat, knelt facing north to place down the cup, bowed his head in reverence, then rose, stepped back slightly and stood facing north. The Tai Zhu held the tablet and advanced to the right side of the deity's altar seat, kneeling facing east to read the sacrificial text: "On the first day of a certain year, with the lunar calendar marking [month], His Majesty respectfully dispatches his official Minister [Name] to solemnly announce to the spirits of Ma Zu Tiansi: At this spring season, we have brought mares for breeding in the pasture. We humbly present our specially prepared silk offerings and sacrificial wine, along with millet and various ritual items, clearly offering them to the spirit of Ma Zu Tiansi. May you kindly accept these offerings." After finishing, he rose. The sacrificing official performed two bows. The Tai Zhu advanced, knelt to place the tablet before the deity's altar seat, bowed his head in reverence and then rose, returning to the location of the wine vessel. The Tai Zhu poured the sacrificial wine into a cup, approached to the right side of the sacrificing official, and stood facing west. The sacrificing official performed two bows, received the cup, knelt down to pour a portion of wine as an offering, then drank the remaining contents in one go. The Tai Zhu stepped forward to receive the cup and returned it to the dian (a platform for placing ritual vessels). The sacrificing official bowed his head in reverence, then stood up. The Tai Zhu led the zhai lang (ritual attendants) forward to present the sacrificial platter, removing a portion of meat from before the deity and handing it over to the sacrificing official. The sacrificing official received the meat and passed it to a zhai lang, after which the Ye Zhe led him down from the southern steps back to his original position. The Tai Zhu advanced, knelt and removed the ritual food vessels, bowed in reverence, then rose and returned to the location of the wine container. The Feng Li said: "Bow twice." All those present performed two bows. The Feng Li again said: "Bow twice." All those present performed two bows again.
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| | 仲春祀馬... : |
謁者進獻官之左，白：「請就望燎位。」謁者引獻官就望燎位，南向立。奉禮又帥贊者退立於燎壇東北位。太祝進神座前，跪取制幣、祝版、爵酒，又以俎載牲體、稷黍飯，興，降自南陛，南行，當柴壇東南行，自南陛登柴壇，以幣、酒、祝版、饌置柴上訖，奉禮曰：「可燎。」東西面各二人以炬燎，火起，以炬投壇上。火半柴，謁者進獻官之左，白：「禮畢。」遂引獻官以下出，奉禮、贊者還本位。贊引引太祝以下俱復執事位。立定，奉禮曰：「再拜。」太祝以下皆再拜，贊引引出。 |
| | The Ye Zhe approached to the left of the sacrificing official and announced: "Please proceed to the position for observing the sacrificial fire." The Ye Zhe led the sacrifice official to the designated position for observing the burning of offerings, where he stood facing south. The Feng Li once again led his assistants to take their positions at the northeast side of the sacrificial fire altar. The Tai Zhu approached in front of the deity's altar, knelt to retrieve the silk offering, sacrificial tablet, and wine cup. He also placed on a platter the body of the sacrificed animal and rice made from millet and yellow millet. Rising, he descended via the southern steps, walked southward, then turned east at the southeast side of the firewood altar. Ascending the southern steps onto the firewood altar, he placed the silk offering, wine, sacrificial tablet, and food offerings on top of the stacked firewood. After completing this, the Feng Li declared: "The fire may now be lit." Two people each from the east and west sides used torches to ignite the offering. Once the fire was lit, they threw their torches onto the altar. When the fire had burned halfway through the stacked wood, the Ye Zhe approached to the sacrificing official's left and announced: "The ceremony is complete." He then led the sacrificing official and those below him out, while the Feng Li and assistants returned to their original positions. Zanyin led the Tai Zhu and all others back to their respective positions as attendants. After standing in place, Feng Li said: "Bow twice." The Tai Zhu and all those below him performed two bows each. Zanyin then led them out.
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| | 合朔伐鼓: |
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| | 合朔伐鼓: |
其日合朔，前二刻，郊社令及門僕各服赤幘絳衣，守四門，令巡門監察。鼓吹令平巾幘，蔥褶，帥工人以方色執麾旒，分置四門屋下，龍蛇鼓隨設於左。東門者立於北塾，南面；南門者立於東塾，西面；西門者立於南塾，北面；北門者立於西塾，東面。隊正一人著平巾幘、蔥褶，執刀，帥衛士五人執五兵於鼓外，矛處東，戟在南，斧鉞在西，槊在北。郊社令立攢於社壇四隅，以朱絲繩縈之。太史官一人著赤幘、赤衣，立於社壇北，向日觀變。黃麾次之；龍鼓一面，次之在北；弓一張，矢四隻，次之。諸工鼓靜立候。日有變，史官曰：「祥有變。」工人齊舉麾，龍鼓齊發聲如雷。史官稱「止」，工人罷鼓。其日廢務，百官守本司。日有變，皇帝素服，避正殿；百官以下皆素服，各於廳事前重行，每等異位，向日立。明復而止。 |
| | On the day of conjunction, two ke before the hour, the Jiaoshe Ling and Menbu officials should wear red head coverings and crimson robes, guard the four gates, and instruct the gate patrols to supervise and inspect. The Guchui Ling should wear a flat-capped headdress, cōng zhe (a type of tunic), and lead the artisans to hold banners with square-colored streamers; they should be stationed separately under the eaves of the four gates. To the left, set up dragon-snake drums accordingly. Those at the eastern gate should stand north of the northern study hall, facing south; those at the southern gate should stand east of the eastern study hall, facing west; those at the western gate should stand south of the southern study hall, facing north; and those at the northern gate should stand west of the western study hall, facing east. One Duizheng should wear a flat-capped headpiece and cōng zhe, hold a sword, and lead five guardsmen who each wield one of the Five Weapons outside the drum: spears to the east, halberds to the south, axes and yue (a type of ceremonial axe) to the west, and lances to the north. The Jiaoshe Ling should set up gathering points at the four corners of the She Tan (altar for earth and grain gods), surrounding them with red silk ropes. One Taishi official should wear a red headpiece and red robe, stand to the north of the She Tan, facing the sun to observe changes. The yellow banner follows; one dragon drum, placed next to the north side; a bow and four arrows follow. All artisans should stand quietly with drums, waiting. If there is a change in the sun, the historian says: "An auspicious omen has changed." The artisans simultaneously raise their banners and strike the dragon drums together, producing a sound like thunder. When the historian says "stop," the artisans cease drumming. On that day, all official business is suspended, and government officials remain at their respective offices. If there is an unusual solar phenomenon, the emperor should wear plain clothing and avoid the main hall; all officials down to the lowest ranks should also wear plain clothes, forming two rows in front of their respective halls, with each rank occupying a different position, and they should stand facing the sun. The ceremony ends when the sun's brightness returns to normal.
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| | 大儺: |
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| | 大儺: |
大儺之禮。 |
| | The grand Nuo ritual.
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| | 大儺: |
前一日，所司奏聞。選人年十二以上、十六以下為侲子，著假面，衣赤布蔥褶。二十四人為一隊，六人作一行。執事者十二人，著赤幘恳衣，執鞭。工人二十二人：其一人方相氏，著假面，黃金四目，蒙熊皮，玄衣朱裳，右執戈，左執楯；其一人為唱帥，著假面，皮衣，執棒；鼓角各十，合為一隊。隊別鼓吹令一人，太卜令一人，各監所部巫師二人。以逐惡鬼於禁中。有司先備每門雄雞及酒，擬於宮城正門、皇城諸門磔禳設祭。太祝一人，齋郎三人，右校為瘞埳，各於皇城中門外之右，方深稱其事。先一日之夕，儺者各赴集所，具其器服，依次陳布以待事。 |
| | One day before, the responsible officials reported it to the emperor. Selected individuals aged between twelve and sixteen were chosen as zhenszi, wearing masks and dressed in red cloth cun zhe. Twenty-four people formed one team, with six people arranged in a row. Twelve attendants wore red head coverings and plain robes, holding whips. Twenty-two artisans: one of them was Fangxiangshi, wearing a mask with four golden eyes, covered in bear skin, dressed in black robes and red trousers, holding a halberd in the right hand and a shield in the left; one of them was the chant leader, wearing a mask and leather clothing, holding a stick; Ten drums and ten horns formed one team together. Each team had one drum and bugle commander, one Taibu director, each supervising two diviners from their respective departments. To drive away evil spirits within the palace grounds. The responsible officials prepared a rooster and wine in advance for each gate, intended to be used at the main gate of the palace city and various gates of the imperial city for sacrificial rites to ward off evil. One Taizhu and three zhai lang officials, with the Youjiao digging a burial pit; each was located to the right outside the central gate of the imperial city, with depth appropriate for the ritual. The day before at dusk, those participating in the Nuo ritual gathered at their designated location, prepared their equipment and attire, and arranged themselves in order to await the proceedings.
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| | 大儺: |
其日未明，諸衛依時刻勒所部，屯門列仗，近仗入陳於階下如常儀。鼓吹令帥儺者各集於宮門外。內侍詣皇帝所御殿前，奏：「侲子備，請逐疫。」訖，出命內寺伯六人，分引儺者於前長樂門、永安門，以次入，至左右上閤，鼓譟以進。方相氏執戈揚楯，唱率侲子和曰：「甲作食杂，胇胃食疫，雄伯食魅，騰簡食不祥，覽諸食咎，伯奇食夢，強梁、祖明共食磔死寄生，委隨食觀，錯斷食巨，窮奇、騰根共食蠱。凡使十二神追惡鬼凶，赫汝軀，拉汝幹，節解汝肌肉，抽汝肺腸，汝不急去，後者為糧。」周呼訖，前後鼓譟而出。諸隊各趣順天門以出，分詣城門，出郭而止。 |
| | Before dawn on that day, all the guards stationed their troops according to schedule, formed ranks at the gates, and the inner ranks entered and arranged themselves below the steps as per usual protocol. The drum and bugle director led the Nuo participants to gather outside the palace gate. The palace attendants went to before the emperor's audience hall and reported: "The zhenszi are ready, please proceed with driving away the plague." Afterward, the emperor ordered six palace attendants to lead the Nuo participants in groups through the front Changle Gate and Yong'an Gate, entering sequentially until reaching the left and right Shangge halls, advancing while beating drums and shouting. Fangxiangshi held the halberd and raised the shield. The chant leader and zhenszi harmonized in chanting: "Jia eats miscellaneous things, Zhuwei eats plague, Xiongbo eats ghosts, Tengjian eats misfortune, Lanzhu eats guilt, Boqi eats dreams, Qiangliang and Zuming together eat those who are crucified or parasitic, Weisui eats observers, Cuodu eats giants, Qiongqi and Tenggen together eat 蛊 (malevolent spirits)." All twelve deities are sent to chase away evil spirits and misfortune. Hè rǔ qū, lā rǔ gàn, jié jiě rǔ jīròu, chōu rǔ fèicháng, if you do not leave quickly, the later ones will take you as food." After chanting was completed, they exited with drumbeats and shouting from front to back. Each team hurried toward Shuntian Gate to exit, then dispersed to the city gates, stopping at the outskirts of the city.
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| | 大儺: |
儺者將出，祝布神席當中門，南向。出訖，宰手齋郎匧牲匈，磔之神席之西，藉以席，北首。齋郎酌酒，太祝受奠之。祝史持版於座右，跪讀祝文曰：「維某年歲次月朔日，天子遣太祝臣姓名，昭告於太陰之神：玄冬已謝，青陽馭節，惟神屏除凶厲，俾無後艱，謹以清酌敬薦於太陰之神，尚饗。」訖，興，奠版於席，乃舉牲并酒瘞於埳，訖，退。其內寺伯導引出順天門外，止。 |
| | As the Nuo participants were about to leave, the Taizhu laid out a ritual mat in front of the central gate facing south. After they had exited, the slaughterer and zhai lang officials placed the sacrificial victim in a wooden chest, slaughtered it to the west of the ritual mat, laid it on a mat with its head facing north. The zhai lang poured wine, and the Taizhu received and offered it as an offering. The Taizhu held a tablet to the right of his seat and knelt to read the ritual text. The text read: "On the first day of the lunar month, in the year [name], the Son of Heaven dispatches Taizhu Minister [Name] to solemnly announce to the Taiyin deity: The dark winter has passed, and Qingyang governs the season. May the deity protect against misfortune and evil, ensuring no future hardships. We respectfully offer this pure wine as a tribute to the Taiyin deity; may it please accept." After finishing, they rose, placed the ritual tablet on the mat, then buried the sacrificial animal along with the wine in the pit. After completing this, they withdrew. The palace attendants led them out to outside Shuntian Gate and stopped there.
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