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Scope: 海國圖志
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卷十

2
魏源曰:乾隆三十四年緬甸老官屯之役,賊樹柵固守,官兵鏖戰彌月,堅不可拔。即《四洲誌》所謂緬甸兵法,專以大木立柵,自環為不可敗。有時英吉利兵亦為所遏,蓋緬甸南瀕海,嚐與英夷之印度交兵,故英夷知其長技也。又考劉健《庭聞錄》,順治十八年二月李定國白文選於阿瓦,阿瓦城甚高大,城外二江,大曰蘭鳩,小曰南葛臘,環城三面皆水,惟一面通陸。自白文選師旋後,並鑿之引水為湖留堤三道,置木城其上,距城四裏。定國遣人索永曆不應,而於木城之外,更立木城,出兵守之。有間木城前複立一城,步步前進,既逼定國營,始出兵大戰,前隊皆象,中有花象,善突陣,為群象先。定國視戰地,當象來處有石橋,自持長刃迎待,象鼻卷刃立斷,負痛反奔,群象皆奔,文選定國鼓噪乘之,斬其大將,邊牙殺其兵。萬收餘兵保柵固守,此即樹柵自固,步步為營之證,其失在於出柵野戰,反以象陣自挫前鋒,故為白李所敗。惟敗後而木柵尚存,退可以守,故阿瓦終不得破。所謂善戰者不敗,善敗者不亡也。明瑞哈國興,皆嚐登山俯瞰,破其一二柵,而十餘柵皆潰。及老官屯之役,賊懲前失,先據高立柵,又固守不出戰,我兵百計攻之,終不能拔。是兵短於野戰,長於憑柵,具征《四洲誌》所言之不妄。故上兵之紀律,敵莫能禦,中兵之紀律,敵莫能侮。觀於柵之足拒夷兵,而知我之所以守,觀於安南劄船之足懾夷艇,則知我之所以攻。

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