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Scope: 經義述聞
Condition : Contains text 「㡽」
Total 2

《四v4尚書下五十條》

1
〈無逸〉「先知稼穡之艱難，乃逸，則知小人之依。」引之謹案：依，隱也。古音微與「殷」通，故依、隱同聲。《說文》：「衣，依也。」《白虎通義》：「衣者，隱也。」謂知小人之隱也。孫守真按：所謂「民隱」也。〈周語〉：「勤恤民隱。」韋注曰：「隱，痛也。」孫守真按：「隱、疢（疢疾、疾苦）」當係疊韻通假；上古同為「文」部。「小人之隱」卽上文「稼穡之艱難」，下文所謂「小人之勞」也。云「隱」者，猶今人言「苦衷」也。《傳》曰：「知小人之所依怙」，如此則《經》文當增「所」字矣。孫守真按：愚謂「之」即「所」也，況被動式本來就不一定要寫出其被動式詞彙，由上下文（前後文）判定即可也，《史記》「管仲囚焉」一句即是。且下文曰：「舊為小人，爰知小人之依。」以其為小人之隱衷，故身為小人，僃嘗艱苦，乃𢔶知之。若僅云「稼穡為小人之所依怙」則亦易知耳，何待為小人而後知哉？孫守真按：曾不聞「不食肉糜」耶？人性本賤，養尊處優，自然善忘其本源，所以「飲水思源」為迭代不停之忠誡也；而「富二代、富不過三代」就是現代最佳代言人。王氏此論葢既不充分也不必要也。瞠目不識、視若無睹，馬耳東風，充耳不聞……亦皆此人性所以然也。伯申先生唯從一面摸象，自然結論如此；故知「層面整體動態觀」之要要也！《傳》釋「則知小人之依」，則以為依稼穡釋爰知小人之依，則以為依仁政，同一小人之依，而前後異義，葢昧於古訓，所以說之多歧也。古聲「哀」如「依」，故「依」亦作「哀」。〈㡽誥〉曰：孫守真按：〈康誥〉。㡽，形訛。「兄亦不念鞠子哀」，言不念稚子之隱也。《傳》曰：「不念稚子之可哀。」蔡《傳》又曰：「不念父母鞠養之勞。」案：《經》曰「鞠子哀」，不曰「鞠子可哀」，則《傳》說非也。〈釋言〉曰：「鞠，稚也。」〈顧命〉：「無遺鞠子羞」，與此「鞠子」同，則蔡說非也。
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