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| Scope: 苌楚斋五笔 |
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《苌楚斋五笔卷四》
27  | 海宁朱衎庐明府昌燕同里蒋子贞茂才学坚《怀亭词录》序云：「馀年十七，获见蛰葊徐先生。先生工倚声，日手宋人词，丹黄不辍。尝谓馀曰：『词之所以为词者，以有律也。词之有律，与人之有五官无异。五官之位次一定不易，若移目为口，置耳于鼻，尠不骇为怪物者，词之于律亦然。人必五官端正而后论妍媸，词必四声和协而后论工拙，不则长短句之诗耳，何云词哉！』余听之靡靡忘倦，以时攻举业，未暇从事也。迨三十岁始学为之，而先生已前卒，无可是正。环顾朋侪，又皆薄小道，不屑措意，惟蒋君子贞有同嗜焉。子贞承乃祖梦华上舍家学，肆力图谱，一字未当，必穷究古人体制，别其高下清浊，期于不失分刌乃已。故其所作，直能方驾竹山，凡芊绵韶令，雄奇排奡，无不各臻其胜，洵乎渊源之有自也。」云云。声木谨案：据明府所云，词非仅按谱以填，必须高下清浊，期于不失分刌而婉转谐适，不见有平仄之迹而后可。非是，则束缚勉强牵制，非病怗懘，即嫌生涩，纵使字字合律，亦属恶道。若未得其中三昧，按图以填，贸然为之者，直诗中之长短句，非词矣。后人犯此病者，尤为更仆难数，自以为词，识者早知其为门外汉也。明府工于填词，故言之确凿如此，非同模糊影响。方今词学盛行，学者当必知所从事矣。 |
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