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《卷十六》
10  | 五榖食物之性也天之所以為賜人也宗廟上案他本上誤作止四時之所成受賜而薦之宗廟敬之性也於祭之而宜矣宗廟之祭物之厚無上也春上豆實夏上尊實秋上機案他本機作杌下同實冬上敦實豆實韭也春之始所生也尊實麷原註一作整也夏之所受初也機實黍也秋之所先成也敦實稻也冬之所畢熟也始生故曰祠善其司案他本司作可也夏約故曰礿貴所初礿也先成故曰嘗嘗言甘也畢熟故曰蒸蒸言衆也奉四時所受於天者而上之為上祭貴天賜且尊宗廟也孔子受君賜則以祭况受天賜乎一年之中天賜四至至則上之此宗廟所以歲四祭也故君子未嘗不食新新天賜至必先薦之乃取食之尊天敬宗廟之心也尊天美義也敬宗廟大禮也聖人之所謹也案他本大禮也三字誤移在此句下不多而欲潔清不貪數而欲恭敬君子之祭也恭親之致其中心之誠盡敬潔之道以接至尊故鬼享之享之如此乃可謂之能祭祭者察也以善逮鬼神之謂也善乃逮不可聞見者故謂之察吾以名之所享故祭之不虛安所可察哉祭之為言際也與察也祭然後能見不見見不見之見者案見不見之見者六字他本作之見者見不見然後知天命鬼神知天命鬼神然後明祭之意明祭之意乃知重祭事案他本事作祀下同孔子曰吾不與祭祭神如神在重祭事如事生故聖人於鬼神也畏之而不敢欺也信之而不獨任事之而不專恃恃其公報有德也幸其不私與人福也其見於詩曰嗟爾君子毋恒安息靜共爾位好是正●神之聽之介爾景福正●者得福也不正者不得福此其法也以詩為天下案他本下作子法矣何謂不法哉其辭●而重有再歎之欲人省其意也而人尚不省何其忘哉孔子曰書之重辭之復嗚呼不可不察也其中必有美者焉此之謂也循天之道第七十七 |
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