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《卷八》
8  | 昔者長琴處揺山始作樂風樂之有風尚矣然孔子正樂雅頌得所闗雎之亂而不言風季札觀樂使工為之歌周南召南歌弼鄘衛歌王歌鄭歌齊歌豳歌秦歌魏歌唐歌陳亦不言風晉語姜氏引鄭詩將仲子之卒章楚成王引曹詩蜉蝣之三章皆曰詩不曰風猶籥章中春逆暑龡豳詩不曰豳風然則豳詩與鄭詩曹詩等耳康成謂此風也而言詩詩總名也豈其然乎說者謂南與豳非風故不言風誤矣十三國皆然豈獨南豳也南為周公左豳為周公東舊豳次齊孔子刪詩移之於末則十三國實㠯周公為始終焉齊曰泱泱魏曰渢渢風之美者歟唐有陶唐氏之遺民則亦有陶唐氏之遺風矣吉甫作頌穆如清風則雅頌亦可謂之風也風雅頌猶賦比興分為六合為一故一詩而賦比興兼焉風雅頌備焉或曰豳非國也地理志栒邑有豳鄉詩豳國公劉所都是豳亦國矣如謂周無豳國亦未聞有弼鄘也說文弼舊商邑豳即美陽民俗㠯夜市有豳山先鄭謂豳籥豳國之地竹後鄭謂豳人吹籥之聲章匡衡亦云太王躬仁邠國貴恕曷為而非國乎尒疋四極西至汃國說文汃西極之水也南都賦砏汃輣軋波相擊之聲埤蒼曰汃大聲也讀為八說文亦云從水八聲徐鉉音府巾切失之汃誤為邠形聲兩失其地不同皆名為國謂豳非國鑿矣古邦國皆仍舊名夏后相十五年商侯相土遷于商邱少康十一年使商侯㝠治河帝杼十三年商侯㝠死於河帝芒三十三年商侯遷于殷孔甲九年殷侯復歸商邱至商侯履遷於亳而有天下為殷商凡二十九王而周武王滅之封其後於宋及春秋而吳夫差伐齊闕溝深水出於商魯之間此宋也而仍曰商則商為宋之舊也左傳孝惠娶於商陸徳明曰定公名宋是哀公之父故釁夏為諱而稱商非也如其然則夫差曷為而亦為之諱乎殷祖乙十五年命邠侯髙圉盤庚十九年命邠侯亞圉祖甲十三年命邠侯組紺武乙元年邠遷於岐周三年命周公亶父文丁四年一作太丁命周公季厯為牧師至西伯發伐殷而有天下為周及周公旦居東陳詩而仍繫之豳則豳為周之舊也商豳皆夏殷之舊邦宋有商頌周亦有豳雅豳頌者㠯此春秋昭七年衛侯惡卒王追命之曰余敢忘髙圉亞圉言不敢忘豳也二圉居豳國為豳侯祖澤存焉耳古者謀事必就祖發政占古語故稱祖㠯命諸侯周自公劉發迹於豳至二圉而殷䇿命為侯伯此王命衛侯所㠯獨稱之也二圉蓋其字非其名孫稱祖字禮也稱名可乎世本髙圉侯侔亞圉雲都二圉之名也或云雲都亞圉字或云亞圉弟皆非季札㠯弼鄘為衛風明弼鄘亦衛之舊矣分為三失之漢書詩國十五抪徧九州師古謂十五者周南召南衛王鄭齊魏唐秦陳鄶曹豳魯商得之周書曰昔南氏有二臣力鈞勢敵競進争權君弗禁南氏㠯分然則二南古之國也韓嬰敘詩云其地在南郡南陽之間呂氏春秋亦云禹自塗山巡省南土作為南音周公召公取風焉孰謂南豳非國哉說苑成王翦桐葉為圭而封唐叔虞於晉晉語唐叔射兕于徒林殪為大甲㠯封於晉昜林曰唐邑之廬晉人是居晉曰唐宋曰商皆仍其舊也書終費秦詩終魯商商之為宋也又何疑左傳昭八年大蒐于紅自根牟至於商衛注云商宋地魯西竟接宋衛是春秋皆名宋為商也 |
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