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《卷十七》
26  | 慰止左右定民居也疆理宣畝授民田也各分四義孔疏云乃安穏其居乃定止其處乃處之於左乃處之於右乃為之疆埸乃分其地理乃教之時耕箋云時耕曰宣乃治其田畝分疏明且確矣然又云疆理是一宣畝亦同但作者以乃間之而成句耳夫時耕與治田誠一事也疆是分其經界理是辨其土宜截然兩義何可合而一乎此泥箋語太過矣又止字疆字監本注疏不從土釋文作強亦作疆同居良反今俗本此詩皆増土作疆矣案疆本作畺說文云界也從畕三其界畫也疆乃或體又作疆壃疅又案畕比田也從二田音與畺同鼛皋通用周禮地官鼔人掌鼛鼔考工記䩵人為皋鼔總一鼔也章氏考索謂皋者緩也故以節役事良然毛傳以臯門應門為天子之制鄭箋謂諸侯亦有臯應毛說當矣諸侯無臯應朱子辨之是也孔疏欲證鄭說引襄十七年左傳宋人稱臯門之晳謂諸侯有臯門亦有應門誤矣宋築者謳言澤門不言臯門也據杜注澤門是宋東城南門非外朝門也毛云王之郭門曰臯門孔云郭門者宮之外郭之門案彼釋文言澤門本或作臯門者誤孔所據當此本矣然則以為朝門者豈服賈諸家之說邪傳云冢上大社也案祭法王為羣姓立社曰大社疏云在庫門之內右正此大社矣朱子謂太王初立岐周之社武王通立周社於天下且以漢初令民立漢社稷證之語見大全誤矣大社之尊正以惟天子得立耳安得天下盡立乎諸侯有國社侯社大夫以下又有置社安得又立大社乎臯應二門為天子之制則諸侯不得立何大社反通於天下乎況漢事亦未可證周也肆不殄厥慍亦不隕厥問傳云肆故今也今指文王言緜詩為文王而作而推本於太王應以文王為今也故承上章立社言太王立社有用衆之意故今文王亦絶恚怒敵人之心也朱傳肆字從毛解又以不殄為太王事則今義贅矣又故為因上之辭即非新故之故矣爾雅肆故今與毛傳同則亦釋詩也郭注乃云肆既為故又為今義相反而兼通殊非詩雅之指柞棫拔矣爾雅云棫白桵音綏郭注以為小木叢生有刺實如耳璫紫赤可食陸疏據三蒼說以為棫即柞其材理全白無赤心者為白桵孔疏並存兩說不能辨其孰是朱傳本從郭注而大全引東陽許氏語申之則純襲陸疏之言與朱意正相反而引呂為證舛矣案白桵本草用其核為藥名㽔儒佳切核入本經上品陶隠居云大如烏豆有文理如胡桃核蜀韓保昇云葉似枸杞而狹長葉白子附莖生紫赤色大如五味子多細刺宋蘇頌云木高五六尺莖間有刺此三家注所紀物色形相皆與郭氏同朱子獨取其說良有見矣至陸疏之棫亦載本草言櫟有二種一種不結實者名棫是也然非此詩之棫 |
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