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《說文解字通釋卷第十一》
396  | 欙山行所乗者從木累聲虞書曰予乗四載水行乗舟陸行乗車山行乗欙澤行乗䡅臣鍇按經傳說四載甚多紛紜不定史記曰陸行乗車水行乗舩泥行乗橇山行乗檋孟康注橇形如箕擲行□泥匕改工上如淳曰橇音茅蕝之蕝謂以版置□泥匕改工上以通行路徐廣曰檋一作橋音丘遙反如淳曰檋謂以鐡如錐頭長半寸施于履則不如跌此其顯也臣鍇按字書橇音趫蹋蹢行臣以為今優戲有踏趫為木腳以行禹旣為司空則不當如此履危苦版置□泥匕改工上以通行噐□泥匕改工少則車能涉之□泥匕改工長則運其版者不亦勞乎版上又當乗車孰若乗軌以行□泥匕改工之易乎若如如淳所言履下施鐵錐即今之木履耳何謂乘乎以行山土猶可以行山石鐡錐復何以安之謝靈運古之巧性者世間噐用多所改易以從蕳人好山行但作去齒之屐耳若橇為便易靈運便應為之而不作乎則孔安國所說許慎同山行乗欙臣謂以纝索系木以自固而行晉鄧艾伐蜀以氈自裹縣繩以墜是也䡅即輴也若下棺車而無旁璧及蓋凡行深□泥匕改工有輻即礙故此輴全木為輪而無輻利以行泥若今曵木石拖車然故周禮曰凡為輪行澤者欲杼注杼謂削薄其踐地曰杼以行澤則是刀以割塗也是故塗不附是也塗□泥匕改工也是古有□泥匕改工之車也故後漢馬少游云下澤車臣鍇以為史記所言即音枸即近周禮所言輂車謂以索木自周固使人輂之以行也則是安國所言欙也橇字從毳亦應不可音毳也此形聲言之亦音當近安國所言軓也如此則史記所說四載與安國同但師說口傳而文字異故致孟康如淳妄解之也臣又按仙書有乗毛車以渡弱水毛毳也又抱樸子有歩蹻法故仙書有龍蹻經謂近天有剛氣可以勝人為術以歩之也如此之說雖近終未可通于傳書曰臣鍇不敢述也司馬遷在漢武帝時舊周之史氏其為學也最慱其游行也最周又考以方國之語故老之記而孔安國親承聖人之後其為學也詳慎其為尚書傳曰與史遷異處而暗同其為說合今古之情理至唐太宗文武皇帝詔儒臣為孔氏尚書正義列于學官百家不能易臣以為許慎居後漢之末抑諸家之雜說從安國之雅言居七百年之前而暗合後聖自非沮誦降靈命世其孰與此乎力龜反 |
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