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《卷二十》
3  | 魯少去聲皥之墟在禹貢徐州蒙羽之野成王以封周公長知丈反子伯禽今襲慶東平府沂宻海等州即其地也襲慶府今兗州府東平府今東平州海州今寧海州密州今髙密縣與沂州竝隸山東成王以周公有大勲勞於天下故賜伯禽以天子之禮樂魯於是乎有頌以為廟樂其後又自作詩以美其君亦謂之頌新安王氏曰魯頌皆以美其君於宗廟無預其詩似用以燕樂此頌之變也○問頌是告於神明魯頌中如戎狄是膺荆舒是懲僖公豈有是事朱子曰是頌禱之詞耳○華谷嚴氏曰魯頌頌之變也周之衰也風變而雅頌亡頌聲之息前乎風雅之變矣越桓荘僖恵至襄而魯乃有頌是故雅變而兦頌兦而變雅之兦甚於變頌之變甚於兦也舊說皆以為伯禽十九世孫僖公申之詩孔氏曰從周公數之故為十九世今無所考獨閟宫一篇為僖公之詩無疑耳夫以其詩之僭如此然夫子猶錄之者蓋其體固列國之風而所歌者乃當時之事則猶未純於天子之頌孔氏曰雖名為頌而體實國風非告神之歌又曰頌詠魯公功徳纔如變風之美者耳○曺氏曰今以其體觀之分章斷句實國風之流耳若其所歌之事又皆有先王禮樂教化之遺意焉則其文疑若猶可予與也也況夫子魯人亦安得而削之哉然因其實而著之而其是非得失自有不可揜者亦春秋之法也朱子曰著之於篇所以見其僭也春秋書郊禘大雩雉門兩觀猶是意也削之則沒其實矣蓋其文予之而實則不予也○考索曰亦如存滛亂之詩使後世有見其非耳非謂其言之當也或曰魯之無風何也先儒以為時王褒周公之後比於先代故廵守不陳其詩而其篇第不列於大師之職是以宋魯無風其或然歟眉山蘇氏曰春秋之際大國皆有變風宋魯獨無風有頌鄭氏云宋王者之後魯聖人之後是以天子廵守不陳其詩所以禮之也或謂夫子有所諱而削之則左氏所記當時列國大夫賦詩及吳季子觀周樂皆無曰魯風者其說不得通矣 |
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