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《天下名山記》
412  | 三峽考 徐 翓古來三峽罔不知之然有二焉自夷陵州西上南津關始入西陵峽再為明月峽北峰上有石穴如規故名再上卽黃牛峽南有黃陵廟宜都記云自黃牛灘東入西陵界一百里許山水紆曲林木高茂哀猿三聲巖谷響應者卽此此楚西之三峽峽之南門蜀江之委尻也上溯歸州由巴東過東西瀼溪始入巫峽再經巫山入鬼門關為歸峽再上卽瞿塘峽在白帝城西舊亦名西陵峽灧澦堆當其口水經云杜宇所鑿連亘七百里重巖叠嶂隱蔽天日非亭午夜分不見日月者卽此此川東之三峽峽之北戸蜀江之咽喉也他如歸州之空舲峽俗訛為通霛甚誤由新灘上靈芝峽兵書峽又南陽峽俗名母豬灘與小江之巴陽峽第有峽名非如三峽之壁立也至於歸峽內之風箱峽興山之建陽峽巴縣之溫湯峽又有明月峽涪州之奚龍峽木洞驛之青草峽銅鑼峽魚洞驛之黃山峽洛黃峽或見載記或出傳聞又三峽外之險峻處非天涯游子不厯非濟川舟楫不經皆足漩舟魚民者也若其萟林獨步詞源倒流應俟相如太白子美三蘇諸公余竊掬苕水涓涓望洋岷川云爾是為考三峽中峰巒形象離奇石色詭異有坦上泐下而𥖎頭者有磨盤層纍而矗峙者有蒼黃排障而摺屏者有赤赭橫舒而城列者有青碧如太湖石而紫黟如霞蒸霧翳者有平夷端好如坡塘如堦墄如槃陀而不斧鑿者有白質黑章蒼質紫章凹凸相錯而如櫺星門者有如皺縠疊波披麻插㦸而斜袤積銕者大抵畫家諸法罔不備具此中他若宛肖人形依稀物類更自獻怪爭奇而險惡萬態焉峰趾直卓江底駛流觸則濤驚凡長年非老於岷江稔識水石出沒灘瀨高卑不易操舟也土人及商旅咸呼長年為太公朝暮酒饌必先必恭葢以舟中羣命皆秉於長年之手不啻祖父之耳江舟多三板五板六櫓八櫓上下俱紆迴石林間有觸立破而狎習射利者冒險不休入川之舟每於江陵製火杖一二副各長百餘丈故一各百丈以毛竹四破之首尾連綴緝以白麻每一火杖用夫二十餘縴之舟中一人鳴鼓緩急節之遇數舟駢集則鼓聲喧闐夫聲喊閙震動峽路矣兩巖猿猱狎人百十羣㪚有獮雛如小鳥跳擲枝間緣竹巖壁可玩也峽中剩有隙地壅為畝塍如盤如盂稍通耕夫樵子仰視之見衣白人正如栗粘絕壁又如蝸蜒高垣亦一殊覯志載白帝至江陵凡一千二百餘里詩咏朝辭白帝莫江陵又云千里江陵一日還者狀江流之迅駛極矣然實言非虛語也昔二商以暑月放筏正灧澦堆散髮之時暮薄令行筏棹人十餘牽挽雙纜就巖欲泊忽水疾斷纜而筏逝矣棹人弗克登二商亦難顧戀駭伏篷牕任筏旋舞風濤間終宵魂魄失措以為魚腹中肉也黎明止餘喘息向曉強起諦眎之則江陵葦岸廬井炊煙已驚喜交集茫然若有神助迄今商人有䖍禱齋沐放神簰者 |
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