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Chinese Text Project Wiki
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-> -> -> Search for "亏"
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Scope: 经传释词
Condition : Contains text “亏”
Total 1

序、目录

2
经传中实字易训,虚词难释。《颜氏家训》虽有〈音辞篇〉,于古训罕有发明;赖《尔雅》、《说文》二书解说古圣贤经传之词气,最为近古。然《说文》惟解特造之字,如:、曰。而不及假借之字;如:而、虽。《尔雅》所释未全,读者多误。是以但知「攸」训「所」,而不知同「迪」;攸,与由同;由、迪,古音相转。「迪」音当如「涤」。涤之从攸,笛之从由,皆是转音,故迪、攸音近也。《释名》曰:「笛,涤也。」但见「言」训「我」,而忘其训「闲」。《尔雅》:「言,闲也」,卽词之「闲」也。虽以毛、郑之精,犹多误解,何况其馀?高邮王氏乔梓贯通经训,兼及词气。昔聆其〈终风〉诸说,每为解颐,乃劝伯申勒成一书。今二十年,伯申侍郎始刻成《释词》十卷,元读之,恨不能起毛、孔、郑诸儒而共证此快论也。元昔敎浙士解经,曾谓《尔雅》「坎、律,铨也」为「欥、聿,诠也」字之讹,辛楣先生韪之;又谓《诗》「鲜民之生」、《书》「惠鲜鳏寡」,「鲜」皆「斯」之假借字;《诗》「绸直如发」,「如」当解为「而」;发乃实指其发,与「笠」同,非比语。传、笺竝误。《老子》「夫佳兵者,不祥之器」,「佳」为「隹」同「惟」。之讹。《老子》「夫惟」二字相连为辞者甚多。若以为「佳」,则当云「不祥之事」,不当云「器」。若此之畴,学者执是书以求之,当不悖谬于经传矣。《论语》曰:「出辞气,斯远鄙倍。」可见古人甚重词气,何况绝代语释乎?
嘉庆二十四年小寒日,阮元书于赣州舟次。

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