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《卷十六》
5  | 七月流火九月授衣一之日觱音必发二之日栗烈无衣无●音曷何以卒歳三之日于耜四之日举趾同我妇子饁炎辄反彼南畒田畯音俊至喜张氏曰七月之诗皆以夏正为断朱氏曰此诗月数皆以人正为纪○范氏曰何以卒歳则又见二之日为歳之终也○毛氏曰火大火也流下也公羊传曰大辰者大火也何休注大火谓心○孔氏曰左传张趯曰火星中而寒暑退服䖍云火大火心也季冬十二月平旦正中在南方大寒退季夏六月黄昬火星中大暑退左传又曰火犹西流谓火下为流○朱氏曰火以六月之昬加于正南午位当东西之中至七月之昬则下而西流矣九月霜始降可以授冬衣矣一之日十之馀也一之日周正月也二之日殷正月也孔氏曰一之日二之日犹言一月之日二月之日故传言一之日者是乃十外之馀谓数从一起而终于十更有馀月还以一二纪之也周正月斗建子之月也殷正月斗建丑之月也○程氏曰一之日犹云冬之日夏之日也○朱氏曰周之先公巳用此以纪候○张氏曰言月又言日别无义例只是文顺觱发风寒也栗烈寒气也王氏曰风而寒尚非其至也无风而寒于是为至○郑氏曰●毛布也孔氏曰●贱者所服今夷狄作●皆织毛为之卒终也〇毛氏曰三之日夏正月也孔氏曰斗建寅之月也𡺳土晚寒于耜始修耒耜也孔氏曰月令季冬命农修耒耜孟春天子躬耕帝籍豳土寒晚温亦晩故修耒耜始耕皆校中国一月也于训为于四之日周四月也孔氏曰夏之二月斗建夘之月也民无不举足而耕矣〇程氏曰同我妇子我妇我子同来致饷也○毛氏曰饁馈也田畯田大夫也孔氏曰释言云畯农夫也孙炎曰农夫田官也郭璞曰今之啬夫是也○郑氏曰此章陈人以衣食为急馀章广而成之○程氏曰歳过中而行暮矣当有卒歳之具御冬之备故以七月流火为首张氏曰周人虑事有豫七月之诗常于半年前提掇故频举七月为言○范氏曰七月隂气始盛而寒将至九月则不可无衣矣〇郑氏曰此二正之月人之无衣无●将何以卒歳乎朱氏曰言所以授衣为是故也〇范氏曰孔子曰作易者其有忧患乎先王教民农桑以为衣食非以充欲所以备患也是故将言衣之本则著寒之候○欧阳氏曰农夫在田妇子往馈田大夫见其勤农乐业而喜孔氏曰周公陈先公在𡺳教民周备使衣食允足寒暑及时民奉上教知其早晚各自劝勉以勤事业故同我妇子饁彼南畒及嗟我妇子口为改歳此●民人之志非序先公号令之辞○范氏曰民生本乎衣食天下之务莫实于此矣礼义之所以起孝悌之所以生教化之所以成人情之所以固也故勤俭之俗莫如𡺳风〇董氏曰觱发●文作㓖冹栗烈集注作栗冽按烈从火不得为寒气 |
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