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1
善誉人者人誉之,善毁人者人毁之,施报之常也。世有好名之士,以其高天下者自负,恐天下之人挟其所长有以轧已,于是毁之为不足道。为不足与吾并,以表见其高。天下之人不堪其毁,争起而毁之。其始也求得美名,而终也反为天下之恶所归,是不得取名之道也。是以古之君子道高而愈谦,德尊而愈恭,其于人也,遏恶而扬善,人之有善若已有之,唯恐其不得闻,而以为已所不逮;不幸闻人之过,则亦含容覆护,不忍其不得为君子。故天下之人不堪其誉,争起而誉之,其始也虽若自贬,其终也乃为天下显,人是得取名之道也。夫以口胜天下天下之口,不犹众乎?或曰吾道高矣德尊矣,岂天下所得而强毁者?曰:在已有可誉之实,人固不得而毁之,然道诚高德诚尊者,决不至于善毁人,而善毁人未有不为道德之累也,奚其高且尊?或曰我诚善誉人,不幸人之毁已也恶声至,反之如何?曰不然,我之誉人也多,则人之誉我也亦多;一人之毁不足,胜众人之誉矣。叔孙武叔毁仲尼,仲尼未尝毁叔孙武叔;嬖人臧仓毁孟子,孟子未尝毁臧仓。此孔孟之所以为孔孟,适所以重毁者之恶欤。或曰君子语默,唯义而巳,何暇恤人之是非,必欲为阿世茍容者乎?曰:阿世茍容,固君子所不取,如知语默之为义也,则是非固有分矣。夫善誉人者于已为盛德,于人为令名,此之谓两益;善毁人者于已为薄德,于人为恶名,此之谓两损。两损两益之间,其相去亦远矣。不可不察也。
URN: ctp:ws328079

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