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-> -> 第十七章

《第十七章》[View] [Edit] [History]

1 (河上公注本作淳风章,彭本作太上章)
2 太上,下知有之;
3 太上:圣人也。圣人居众人之上,故曰太上。或曰太上,上理也亦通。圣人处无为之事;行不言之教;不矜能,使下民不争;不好利,使下民不贪;不爱欲,使下民不乱;不争、不贪、不乱,太上有之,下民亦有之也。下知者,下民也。
4 其次,亲而誉之;其次,畏之;其次,侮之;信不足焉,有不信焉。犹兮其贵言。功成事遂,百姓皆谓我自然。
5 其次者,道之次也。太上之道,无为而成,不言而治。其次者,不能无为,不能无言,则亲爱而奖誉之,以兴化焉。又其次,不能以亲爱奖誉兴化,则必以法令畏之而服之焉。又其次,不能以法令畏服,则必以智巧侮之而驭之焉。言道而至于智巧,风斯下矣,其馀不足观也已。故复言根心之信。上好信,则民莫敢不用情。上之信足,下即以真情言之。信有不足,下即有不信者焉。而圣人必以信为治理也。贵言者,慎言也。人主躬行实政,优游感孚,不诰令而民情服,故必谨慎其令言。功成事遂,百姓皆不识不知,顺帝之则,咸谓我之自然也。
6 愚按:此章经义,可以论治世,亦可以证治身。上德以清净为修,六根皆定,无为而无以为也。其次,以爱敬为修,感而遂通,无为而有以为也。又其次,以法功控驭。又其次,以智巧察求,所谓术也,有为而有以为之道也。其极妙者莫如信,信属土也,金丹始终,纯以意土为妙用,要皆自然而然也。富哉言乎,可以治世,可以治身也。
URN: ctp:ws430173

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