Follow us on Facebook to receive important updates Follow us on Twitter to receive important updates Follow us on sina.com's microblogging site to receive important updates Follow us on Douban to receive important updates
Chinese Text Project Wiki
Simplified Chinese version
-> -> 卷三勖学

《卷三勖学》[View] [Edit] [History]

1
抱朴子外篇卷之三

勖学》

1
抱朴子曰:夫学者,所以清澄性理,簸扬埃秽,雕锻鑛璞,砻鍊屯钝,启导聪明,饰染质素,察往知来,博涉劝成。仰观俯察,于是乎在。人事王道,于是乎备。进可以为国,退可以保己。是以圣贤罔莫孜孜而勤之,夙夜以勉之,命尽日中而不释,饥寒危困而不废。岂以有求于当世哉,诚乐之自然也。夫斫削刻画之薄伎,射御骑乘之易事,犹须惯习,然能后善。况乎人理之旷,道德之远,阴阳之变,鬼神之情,缅邈玄奥,诚难生知。虽云色白,匪染弗丽。虽云味甘,匪和弗美。故瑶华不琢,则耀夜之景不发。丹青不治,则纯钧之劲不就。火则不钻不生,不扇不炽。水则不决不流,不积不深。故质虽在我,而成之由彼也。登阆风,扪晨极,然后知井谷之暗隘也。披七经,玩百氏,然后觉面墙之至困也。夫不学而求知,犹愿鱼而无网焉,心虽勤而无获矣。广博以穷理,犹顺风而托焉,体不劳而致远矣。粉黛至,则西施以加丽,而宿瘤以藏丑。经术深,则高才者洞达,卤钝者醒悟。文梓干云,而不可名台榭者,未加班输之结构也。天然爽朗,而不可谓之君子者,不识大伦之臧否也。欲超千里于终朝,必假追影之足。欲凌洪波而遐济,必因艘楫之器。欲见无外而不下堂,必由之乎载籍。欲测渊微而不役神,必得之乎明师。故朱绿所以改素丝,训诲所以移蒙蔽。披玄云而扬大明,则万物无所隐其状矣。舒竹帛而考古今,则天地无所藏其情矣。配于鬼神乎,而昆于人事乎。泥涅可令齐坚乎金玉,曲木可攻之以应绳墨,百兽可教之以战陈,畜牲可习之以进退,沈鳞可动之以声音,机石可感之以精诚,又况乎含五常而票最灵者哉!低仰之驷,教之功也。鸷击之禽,习之驯也。与彼凡马野鹰,本实一类。此以饰贵,彼以质贱。运行潦而勿辍,必混流乎沧海矣。崇一篑而弗休,必钧高乎峻极矣。大川滔瀁,则儿蛎群游。日就月将,则德立道备。乃可以止。梦乎丘、旦,何徒解桎乎困蒙哉。昔仲由冠鸡带●,●珥鸣蝉,杖剑而见,拔刃而舞。盛称南山之劲竹,欲任掘强之自然。尼父善诱,染以德教,遂成升堂之生,而登四科之哲。子张鄙人,而灼聚凶猾。渐渍道训,成化名儒,乃抗礼于王公,岂直免于庸陋。以是贤人悲寓世之倏忽,疾泯没之无称。感朝闻之弘训,悟通微之无类。惧将落之明戒,觉罔念之作狂。不饱食以终日,不弃功于寸阴。鉴逝川之勉志,悼过隟之电速。割游情之不急,损人间之末务。洗忧贫之心,遣广愿之秽。息畋猎博奕之游戏,矫昼寝坐睡之懈怠。知徒思之无益,遂振策于圣途。学以聚之,问以辩之,进德修业,温故知新。夫周公上圣,而日读百篇。仲尼天纵,而韦编三绝。墨翟大贤,载文盈车。仲舒命世,不窥园门。倪宽带经以芸锄。路生截蒲以写书。黄霸抱桎梏以受业。甯子勤夙夜以倍功。故能究览道奥,穷测微言。观万古如同日,知八荒若户庭,考七耀之盈虚,步三五之变化,审盛衰之方来,验善否于既往,料玄黄于掌握,甄未兆以如成。故能盛德大业,冠于当世,清芳令问,播于罔极也。且夫闻商羊而戒浩瀁,访鸟砮而洽东肃,谘萍实而言色味,讯土狗而识坟羊,披灵宝而知山隐,因折俎而说专车,瞻离毕而分阴阳之候,由冬螽而觉闰馀之错,何神之有,学而已矣。夫童谣犹助圣人之耳目,岂况坟、索之弘博哉。才性有优劣,思理有修短。或有夙知而早成,或有提耳而后喻。夫速悟时习者,骥騄之脚也。迟解晚觉者,鹑鹊之翼也。彼虽寻飞绝景,止而不行,则步武不过焉。此虽咫尺以进,往而不辍,则山泽可越焉。明暗之学,其犹兹乎。盖少则志一而难忘,长则神放而易失。故修学务早,及其精专,习与性成,不异自然也。若乃绝伦之器,盛年有故,虽失之于旸谷,而收之于虞渊。方知良田之晚播,愈于卒岁之荒芜也。日烛之喻,斯言当矣。世道多难,儒教沦丧,文、武之轨,将遂凋坠。或沈溺于声色之中,或驱驰于竞逐之路。孤贫而精六艺者,以游、夏之资,而抑顿乎九泉之下。因风而附凤翼者,以驽庸之质,犹回遑乎霞霄之表。舍本逐末者,谓之勤修庶几。拥经求己者,谓之陆沈迂阔。于是莫不蒙尘触雨,戴霜履冰,怀黄握白,提清洁肥,以赴邪径之近易,规朝种而暮获矣。若乃下帷高枕,游神九典,精义迹隐,味道居静,确乎建不拔之操,扬青于岁寒之后,不揆世以投迹,不随众以萍漂者,盖亦鲜矣。汲汲于进趋,悒闷于否滞者,岂能舍至易速达之通涂,而守甚难必穷之塞路乎。此川上所以无人,子衿之所为作。愍俗者所以痛心而长慨,忧道者所以含悲而颓思也。夫寒暑代谢,否终则泰,文武迭贵,常然之数也。冀群寇毕涤,中兴在今,七耀遵度,旧邦惟新。振天惠以广扫,鼓九阳之洪炉,运大钧乎皇极,开玄模以轨物。陶治庶类,匠成翘秀,荡汰积埃,革邪反正。戢干戈,崇弓矢,兴辟雍之庠序。集国子,修文德,发金声,振玉音。降风云于潜初,旅束帛乎丘园,令抱翼之凤,奋翮于清虚;顶领之骏,骋迹于千里。使夫含章抑郁,穷览洽闻者,申公、伏生之徒、发玄纁,登蒲轮,吐结气,陈立素,显其身,行其道。俾圣世迪唐、虞之高轨,驰升平之广涂玄流沾于九该,惠风被乎无外。五刑厝而颂声作,和气洽而嘉穟生,不亦休哉。昔秦之二世,不重儒术,舍先圣之道,习刑狱之法。民不见德,唯戮是闻。故感而不知反迷之路,败而不知自救之方,遂堕坠于云霄之上,在而整粉乎不测之下。惟尊及卑,可无鉴乎。
URN: ctp:ws445482

Enjoy this site? Please help.Site design and content copyright 2006-2024. When quoting or citing information from this site, please link to the corresponding page or to https://ctext.org/ens. Please note that the use of automatic download software on this site is strictly prohibited, and that users of such software are automatically banned without warning to save bandwidth. 沪ICP备09015720号-3Comments? Suggestions? Please raise them here.