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1
发热统论
2
有表而热者,谓之表热。无表而热者,谓之里热。故苦以治五脏,五脏属阴而居于内,辛者以治六腑,六腑属阳而居于外,故曰内者下之,外者发之。
3
饮食劳倦,为内伤元气。元气伤,则真阳下陷,内生虚热。故东垣发补中益气之论,用人参、黄 等甘温之药,大补其气而提其下陷,此用气药以补气之不足者也。劳心好色,内伤真阴,用四物加黄柏、知母,补其阴而火自降,此用血药以补血之不足者也。益气、补阴,皆内伤症也。一则因阳气之下陷而升提之,一则因阴火之上升而滋降之,一升一降,迥然不同矣平日发热,热在行阳之分,肺气主之,故用白虎汤以泻气中之火。日晡潮热,热在行阴之分骨皮散治脉弦,故举之,使春气得以上升也。
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治热之法有五:一曰和,二曰取,三曰从,四曰折,五曰夺。假令小热之病,当以凉药和之。和之不已,次用取,为热势稍大,当以寒药取之。取之不已,次用从,为热势既甚,当以温药从之。谓药气温也,味随所为。或以寒因热用,味通所用;或寒以温用,或以汗发之。
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不已,又用折,为病势极甚,当以逆制之。制之不已,当以下夺之。下夺之不已,又用属,为求其属以衰之。缘热深陷在骨髓,无法可出,针药所不能及,故求属以衰之。求属之法,是同声相应,同气相求之道也。如或又不已,当广求其法而治之。譬如孙子之用兵,在山谷,则塞渊泉;在水陆,则把渡口;在平川广野,当清野千里。塞渊泉者,刺俞穴。把渡口者,夺病发时前。清野千里,如肌羸瘦弱,当广服大药以养正。
URN: ctp:ws54732

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