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禮二十三

2
周制,天子佩白玉而玄組綬,公侯佩山玄玉而朱組綬,大夫佩水蒼玉而緇組綬,世子佩瑜玉而綦組綬,士佩玫而縕組綬。古者君子必佩玉。有山玄、水蒼者,視之文色所似也。綬者所以貫佩玉,相承受。綦,文雜色也。縕,赤黃色。王鎮圭,長尺有二寸,鎮,安也,所以安四方。鎮圭者,蓋以四鎮之山為瑑飾。大圭,長三尺,杼上終葵首,或謂之珽。終葵,椎也。為椎於其杼上,明無所屈也。杼,殺也。繅藉五采五就以朝日。公執桓圭,九寸;侯執信圭,伯執躬圭,皆七寸,繅皆三采三就;子執穀璧,男執蒲璧,繅皆二采再就,以朝覲宗遇會同於王。三采,朱白蒼。二采,朱綠也。公,二王後及王之上公。雙植謂之桓。桓,宮室之象,所以安其上也。信當為身。身圭、躬圭,蓋皆象以人形為瑑飾,文有麤縟耳,欲其慎行以保身。穀所以養人,蒲為席,所以安人,蓋以穀蒲為瑑飾。諸侯朝天子所執,諸侯相見亦如之。凡玉天子用全,上公用龍,侯用瓚,伯用將。龍當為厖。厖謂雜色。瓚讀為夑●之●。龍、瓚、將,皆雜名也。卑者下尊,以輕重為差,玉多則重,石多則輕。公侯四玉一石,伯子男三玉二石。●音贊。自五霸迭興,戰兵不息,珮非戰器,韍非兵旗,於是解去綬珮,留其係璲,以為章表,韍佩遂廢。又三代之制,人臣皆以金玉為印,龍虎鈕,唯所好也。

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