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| Scope: 禹貢錐指 |
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《禹貢錐指卷09》
19  | 《河渠書》：蜀守冰鑿離確，辟沫水之害，穿二江成都之中。。《注》引杜預《益州記》云：二江者郫江、流江也。揚雄《蜀都賦》曰：兩江珥其前。應劭《風俗通》曰：李冰開成都兩江，溉田萬頃。左思《蜀都賦》曰：帶二江之雙流。常璩《華陽國志》曰：李冰壅江作塴，穿郫江、檢江，別支流雙過郡下。蓋自漢以來皆以郫江為沱水，流江為大江。《水經》所敘江水自都安以至成都者，考其原委皆流江也。然流江實非大江。江原縣壽阝水，江原今崇慶州。應劭曰：近世謂之大皂江者，則岷江之正流也。而班氏以為首受江，故鄭康成云：沱之類壽阝與郫俱為沱，而流江於是乎為大江矣。推尋事理，李冰所穿之二江，一是流江，乃冰所創造；一是郫江，即《禹貢》之沱。時必淤淺，冰復從而濬之，遂并數為二江。茲二江者，或稱內江、外江，或稱南江、北江，彼此參錯，未知誰是。其湔水不經成都縣界。《元史河渠志》以郫、湔為冰所穿之二江，大謬。郫江之為沱水無疑矣。然世皆以灌縣西南至廣都北岸合流江者，為郫江之起止，則所行不過三百餘里。今按《漢志》：綿虎縣，湔水東南至江陽入江，行千八百九十里。《水經注》云：綿、雒二水與湔水合，亦謂之郫江。郫江者，沱水也。既與湔水渾濤，則直至瀘州入江矣。安得以五城水口之枝津，為沱水西大江之正道哉！蓋禹治梁州，特紀沱、潛。潛自廣元至巴縣入江，行千餘里。沱自灌縣至瀘州入江，行千五百餘里。群流溱集，源遙波濬，雖江、漢之別，而實為州界兩大川，荒度之功，不遺餘力，此沱、潛所以與岷、嶓並志也。 |
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