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《卷二十九》
109  | 冬楚子蔡侯陳侯許男頓子沈子徐人越人伐吳越始見經左傳冬十月楚子以諸侯及東夷伐吳以報棘櫟麻之役薳射以繁揚之師㑹於夏汭越大夫常壽過帥師㑹楚子於瑣聞吳師出薳啟彊帥師從之遽不設備吳人敗諸鵲岸楚子以驛至于羅汭吳子使其弟㙭由犒師楚人執之將以釁鼓王使問焉曰女卜來吉乎對曰吉寡君聞君將治兵於敝邑卜之以守龜曰余亟使人犒師請行以觀王怒之疾徐而為之備尚克知之龜兆告吉曰克可知也君若驩焉好逆使臣滋敝邑休怠而忘其死亡無日矣今君奮焉震電馮怒虐執使臣將以釁鼓則吳知所備矣敝邑雖羸若早修完其可以息師難易有備可謂吉矣且吳社稷是卜豈為一人使臣獲釁軍鼓而敝邑知備以禦不虞其為吉孰大焉國之守龜其何事不卜一臧一否其誰能常之城濮之兆其報在邲今此行也其庸有報志乃弗殺楚師濟於羅汭沈尹赤㑹楚子次於萊山薳射帥繁揚之師先入南懐楚師從之及汝清吳不可入楚子遂觀兵於坻箕之山是行也吳早設備楚無功而還以蹶由歸楚子懼吳使沈尹射待命於巢薳啟彊待命於雩婁禮也越始見經而與徐皆得稱人何也吳以朱方處齊慶封而富於其舊崇惡也楚圍朱方執齊慶封殺之討罪也吳不顧義入棘櫟麻以報朱方之役亂道也楚於是以諸侯伐吳為善而師亦有名其從之者進而稱人可也或者以詞為主而謂不可云沈子徐越伐吳故特稱人誤矣以不可為文詞而進人於越一字褒貶義安在乎且吳楚徐越雖處於僻陋而劉敞以為其寔不同吳大伯之後也楚祝融之後也徐伯益之後也越大禹之後也其上世皆為元德顯功通于周室與中國冠帶之君無以異徐始稱王史記秦紀顓頊之苗裔曰大費與禹平水土是為柏翳舜賜姓嬴氏柏翳二子大亷後為秦若水為徐穆天子傳徐夷作亂伐宗周穆王畏其方熾乃分東方諸侯命徐子主之徐子處黃池東地方五百里行仁義通溝陳蔡之間欲舟行上國得朱弓赤矢以為天瑞乃稱偃王楚後稱王史記楚世家帝髙陽之曽孫吳回為火正祝融生陸終陸少少子季連之苗裔曰鬻熊封於楚夷王時熊渠甚得江漢間民和乃立二子為王吳越因遂稱王史記吳越世家太伯犇荊蠻荆蠻義而歸之立為吳太伯至壽夢立始大稱王夏少康之庶子封於越二十餘世至勾踐稱王王非諸侯所當稱也故春秋擯諸中國雖然猶不欲絶其類是以列號則舉其始封正名則黜其僭妄推之可逺引之可來此聖人慎絶人亦春秋之意也陳氏曰初書越而常壽過得稱人越驟強也通吳以制楚者晉謀之失也通越以制吳者楚謀之失也汪氏曰楚䖍乃蠻荆篡弑之賊其從之者有黨惡之罪春秋於徐越書人所以稱責蔡陳許諸君之從楚也廬陵李氏曰此書楚通越制吳之始昭三十二年書吳伐越定五年書於越入吳十四年書於越敗吳于擕李哀元年吳夫差敗越於夫椒勾踐行成既歸國十年生聚十年教訓至黃池之後又書於越入吳至哀二十年而越滅吳矣越惟此條書人 |
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